igb practice exam

_____ is defined by order, self-restriction, preservation of the past, and resistance to change.

Conservation

Maria focuses on community volunteerism, while Anna focuses on getting a promotion at work. _____ are represented by Maria's and Anna's focuses.

Endpoints of one of the dimensions of values

________ is not a function of organizational culture.

Diversity management

_________ is only weakly related to the adhocracy organizational culture.

Financial performance

______ is the interdisciplinary field dedicated to understanding and managing people at work.

Organizational behavior

____________ is the set of shared, taken-for-granted implicit assumptions that a group holds and that determines how it perceives, thinks about, and reacts to its various environments.

Organizational culture

_________, with which you can build goodwill, include personality, teamwork and leadership.

Personal attributes

____________ is associated with entrepreneurialism.

Proactivity

______ characteristics are quickly apparent to interactants.

Surface-level

______ is one element that allows employees to balance their work lives and family lives.

Telecommuting

Values represent beliefs that influence behaviors _____________; attitudes relate to behavior __________.

across all situations; toward specific targets

We build stereotypes through a four-step process. Which of the following is not part of the process?

appraisal

The existence of implicit cognition leads people to make ________ decisions without realizing they are doing so.

biased

As a senior student representative on the ethics advisory board of your university, you feel strongly that cheating on college exams is unethical. You never cheated on any exam. However, this semester your best friend was desperate for your help, and you allowed him to take a quick "peek" at your answer sheet. Since then, you feel uncomfortable every time you think of the situation. Which of the following concepts best explains your psychological discomfort?

cognitive dissonance

Klaus works in a very stressful job, but maintains his "cool" even in the worst times. This represents the ________ dimension.

emotional stability

Research shows that when an organization breaches a psychological contract,

employees are likely to be less committed and satisfied and more likely to quit, and their performance is likely to be lower.

Perception is the process that

enables us to interpret and understand our surroundings.

A(n) _________ culture develops reliable internal processes, extensive measurement, and a variety of control mechanisms.

hierarchy

Chris, a manager, knows that one of his employees values achievement and power. Chris should assign the employee to a job that includes

high influence over others.

The two dimensions of the competing values framework are

internal-external and stable-flexible.

Of the following options, which is the best action to address any type of diversity issue?

mutual adaptation

Horatio loves extreme sports and works as white-water rafting instructor. This reflects the values in the ____________ dimension of Schwartz's model.

openness to change

The functions of organizational culture are

organizational identity, collective commitment, social system stability, and sense-making.

Martha worked for a marketing company with a casual atmosphere and informal culture. The company declared bankruptcy. Martha can't wait to find a similar position. In the past, she worked for companies with a more traditional and formal structure. She now has a new job in a bank. Martha dresses differently, puts in longer hours, and studies at home to better understand the bank's services. She is exhibiting _______ intelligence.

practical

Anne, a manager, hires the first person she interviews because she believes that person can do the job adequately. Anne is

resolving the problem.

"When you know yourself, you are comfortable with your strengths and not crippled by your shortcomings...." This is

self-awareness.

Javier is dealing with several employees who are chronically late. He unilaterally decides to dock everyone's daily pay 5 percent if they are more than 10 minutes late. Javier will have better results using

the contingency approach.

Schwartz's model suggests that

values may conflict with each other.

________ intelligence will be most closely related to a performance on tests like the Scholastic Aptitude Test and the Graduate Management Admissions Test.

Logical-mathematical

In some business situations, you will make recommendations to solve a problem. Which of the following actions can help improve the quality of your recommendations?

Make sure that your recommendations address the causes of the problem.

_________ are both elements of hedonism.

Self-enhancement and openness to change

Research has shown that

a person's behavior and performance are a function of interdependent person and situation factors.

Francis interviews two candidates for an administrative assistant position that will require a fair amount of project management. The first candidate is enthusiastic and states that she can "do anything she sets her mind to." She shows up for the interview without a résumé because she know she will be selected for the position. The second candidate is more reserved, but offers Francis his résumé and a portfolio. He explains that in his last position he managed several projects and kept them on track. Which of the following would be the main reason for Francis to hire the second applicant?

applicant's cognitive abilities

ABC Airlines hires flight attendants from diverse backgrounds and puts them through an extensive training and orientation program before they are approved to fly. In addition to learning about responding to medical issues and FAA guidelines, they also must learn the company's many rules and processes as contained in an extensive procedures and policies manual. ABC Airlines is adopting a(n) ______ option for managing diversity.

assimilate

The _________ framework provides a practical way for managers to understand, measure, and change organizational culture.

competing values

Harold Kelley hypothesized that people make causal attributions by observing three dimensions of behavior

consensus, distinctiveness, and consistency.

There are two key situational characteristics that affect perception: the______ of the interaction, and the culture and race ______ between perceivers

context; consistency

Organizations with clan cultures are described as

internally focused and valuing flexibility.

Keyshawn is a player on a professional football team. Because of this, his plays every week are scrutinized by fans and media, as well as his own coaches. Sometimes, their comments are very negative and even personal. Keyshawn will handle this better if he has a high level of _________ intelligence.

intrapersonal

Which of the following mechanisms for changing organizational culture addresses only the level of basic underlying assumptions of culture?

leader reactions to critical incidents and organizational crises

Samantha, a member of a team you are assigned to for a management class, has often been late getting her work to the team, and when it arrives it is often of poor quality. Samantha is likely to rank ________ dimension.

low on the conscientiousness

Halfway through the semester, Samuel quit doing assignments for and going to his advanced accounting class. He attributes this to his poor performance on the first two tests, as well as his lack of talent for accounting; he feels he will do much better as a management major. Samuel is likely to be experiencing

low self-efficacy for accounting.

The levels of organizational culture are

observable artifacts, espoused values, and basic underlying assumptions.

Because the auditors of XYX Company accepted a client firm's questionable financial statements when the infractions have occurred over time, James believes that they are

on a slippery slope.

Bill receives a compliment on a recent campaign; he attributes the success to his creativity. Mark's campaign didn't do well; he blames his team for not pulling together. These are examples of

self-serving bias.

Melissa walks into her morning status meeting. She didn't have time for breakfast or even coffee. During the meeting, she is most likely to focus on

snacks and drinks because she is hungry and thirsty.

Roberto is a manager at XYZ Corporation. Every day, he eats lunch in the company cafeteria so he can learn the latest news and rumors. Roberto is exhibiting his

social awareness.

Together, social awareness and relationship management constitute

social competence.

Problem solving and critical thinking are ______ because they use logic and reasoning to develop and evaluate options.

soft skills

Justin and Edwardo were hired by the same network support firm. One year later, Edwardo receives a promotion to team leader. Justin believes he has stronger technical skills and asks his supervisor why he did not get the promotion. The supervisor says that Edwardo has better people skills. Having ____ can enable a person's promotion.

soft skills.