Immunity

What is the principle behind antibiotics effectiveness in treating a disease?

Antibiotics kill the disease and they slow the growth of bacteria- does not cause harm

What situation can arise that makes antibiotics ineffective?

Some bacterial diseases can develop antibiotic resistance

Active immunity

The immunity gained when a person's own immune system produces antibodies in response to a pathogen

How are vaccines administered?

Through an injection, by mouth, or through nasal spray

What does it mean to be vaccinated?

To be immune to a certain disease

What can you do to avoid catching a disease for which there's no vaccine?

To prevent catching a disease avoid contact with infected people, wash your hands regularly, eat a balanced diet, and exercise to prevent catching a disease

What are the 2 ways that you can gain immunity?

either by experiencing the disease personally or getting a vaccine

How do you recover from a viral disease?

get plenty of rest, drink fluids, and you can get over the counter medicines to reduce symptoms

when does the adaptive immune system take over?

if innate system fails

is innate or adaptive immunity faster?

innate

which is the first line of defense against germs entering the body?

innate immune system

What is a substance used in a vaccine?

killed/weakened pathogens

how long does active immunity last?

many years/lifetime

Describe what happens when you receive a vaccine.

1.) Vaccine is injected 2.) T and B cells recognize the pathogens in the vaccine 3.) The pathogens are destroyed 4.) Memory cells are produced

what are the steps to a vaccine?

1.) vaccine with weakened or killed pathogens is injected 2.) antibody attaches to pathogen and starts to destroy it 3.) memory cells are produced so that next time the pathogen invades you wont be as strongly effected

Antibiotic

A chemical that can kill bacteria without harming body cells

Antibiotic resistance

A circumstance in which some bacteria are able to survive in the presence of an antibiotic

How does one acquire passive immunity?

A vaccine with the certain pathogens antigen, an outside source, or through pregnancy

What is the difference between vaccines that give active immunity and cells that give passive immunity.

Active vaccines have weakened or killed pathogens and last long, but passive vaccines have the antibodies to fights the pathogen and don't last long

How does one acquire active immunity?

From experiencing the disease and gaining memory cells or through a vaccine

What is another word for vaccination?

Immunization

Where do antibiotics come from?

Made naturally by fungi, or bacteria

Immunity

The body's ability to destroy pathogens before they can cause disease

What is Immunity? What are the two types of immunity?

The body's ability to destroy pathogens before they can cause disease. The two types of Immunity are Active and Passive

how long does passive immunity last

a few months

Vaccination

The process by which harmless antigens are introduced into a person's body to produce active immunity

Vaccine

The substance used in a vaccination

Passive Immunity

The temporary immunity gained from introducing antibodies from another source into a person's own body

Describe active immunity.

When the body recognizes the pathogens antigens quickly so then antibodies can get rid of the pathogens

How do people prevent specific diseases, such as chickenpox?

You can either get a vaccine or experience the disease for yourself- both develop memory cells

what are the two types of immunity in the adaptive system?

active and passive

Is innate or adaptive immunity more specific?

adaptive

how can bacterial diseases be treated?

antibiotics

How do you prevent getting a viral disease?

avoid contact with infected people wash your hands eat a balanced diet exercise

What are antibiotics made of?

naturally can be made with some bacteria and fungus or can be made in factories

Does innate immunity have memory?

no, it doesn't communicate with any other parts of the body

Are viral diseases living or non-living?

non-living (they cannot be touched by vaccines)

what's another name for the innate immune system?

non-specific immune system

which type of immunity is "borrowed from another source"

passive

which type of immunity is injected into babies before they are born? how long does it last?

passive immunity 6 months after birth

what type of cells keep memory of the pathogens antigen?

t and b cells

what does the innate immune system include?

the skin and mucous membranes

how can a vaccination be given?

through an injection, mouth, or nasal spray

when can you acquire passive immunity?

when the antibodies come from outside your body

when can you acquire active immunity?

when your own immune system produces antibodies against a pathogen in your body

Are memory cells produced in active immunity?

yes

Can bacterial diseases be treated with antibiotics?

yes

When do you gain innate immunity?

your born with it