Immunity
What is the principle behind antibiotics effectiveness in treating a disease?
Antibiotics kill the disease and they slow the growth of bacteria- does not cause harm
What situation can arise that makes antibiotics ineffective?
Some bacterial diseases can develop antibiotic resistance
Active immunity
The immunity gained when a person's own immune system produces antibodies in response to a pathogen
How are vaccines administered?
Through an injection, by mouth, or through nasal spray
What does it mean to be vaccinated?
To be immune to a certain disease
What can you do to avoid catching a disease for which there's no vaccine?
To prevent catching a disease avoid contact with infected people, wash your hands regularly, eat a balanced diet, and exercise to prevent catching a disease
What are the 2 ways that you can gain immunity?
either by experiencing the disease personally or getting a vaccine
How do you recover from a viral disease?
get plenty of rest, drink fluids, and you can get over the counter medicines to reduce symptoms
when does the adaptive immune system take over?
if innate system fails
is innate or adaptive immunity faster?
innate
which is the first line of defense against germs entering the body?
innate immune system
What is a substance used in a vaccine?
killed/weakened pathogens
how long does active immunity last?
many years/lifetime
Describe what happens when you receive a vaccine.
1.) Vaccine is injected 2.) T and B cells recognize the pathogens in the vaccine 3.) The pathogens are destroyed 4.) Memory cells are produced
what are the steps to a vaccine?
1.) vaccine with weakened or killed pathogens is injected 2.) antibody attaches to pathogen and starts to destroy it 3.) memory cells are produced so that next time the pathogen invades you wont be as strongly effected
Antibiotic
A chemical that can kill bacteria without harming body cells
Antibiotic resistance
A circumstance in which some bacteria are able to survive in the presence of an antibiotic
How does one acquire passive immunity?
A vaccine with the certain pathogens antigen, an outside source, or through pregnancy
What is the difference between vaccines that give active immunity and cells that give passive immunity.
Active vaccines have weakened or killed pathogens and last long, but passive vaccines have the antibodies to fights the pathogen and don't last long
How does one acquire active immunity?
From experiencing the disease and gaining memory cells or through a vaccine
What is another word for vaccination?
Immunization
Where do antibiotics come from?
Made naturally by fungi, or bacteria
Immunity
The body's ability to destroy pathogens before they can cause disease
What is Immunity? What are the two types of immunity?
The body's ability to destroy pathogens before they can cause disease. The two types of Immunity are Active and Passive
how long does passive immunity last
a few months
Vaccination
The process by which harmless antigens are introduced into a person's body to produce active immunity
Vaccine
The substance used in a vaccination
Passive Immunity
The temporary immunity gained from introducing antibodies from another source into a person's own body
Describe active immunity.
When the body recognizes the pathogens antigens quickly so then antibodies can get rid of the pathogens
How do people prevent specific diseases, such as chickenpox?
You can either get a vaccine or experience the disease for yourself- both develop memory cells
what are the two types of immunity in the adaptive system?
active and passive
Is innate or adaptive immunity more specific?
adaptive
how can bacterial diseases be treated?
antibiotics
How do you prevent getting a viral disease?
avoid contact with infected people wash your hands eat a balanced diet exercise
What are antibiotics made of?
naturally can be made with some bacteria and fungus or can be made in factories
Does innate immunity have memory?
no, it doesn't communicate with any other parts of the body
Are viral diseases living or non-living?
non-living (they cannot be touched by vaccines)
what's another name for the innate immune system?
non-specific immune system
which type of immunity is "borrowed from another source"
passive
which type of immunity is injected into babies before they are born? how long does it last?
passive immunity 6 months after birth
what type of cells keep memory of the pathogens antigen?
t and b cells
what does the innate immune system include?
the skin and mucous membranes
how can a vaccination be given?
through an injection, mouth, or nasal spray
when can you acquire passive immunity?
when the antibodies come from outside your body
when can you acquire active immunity?
when your own immune system produces antibodies against a pathogen in your body
Are memory cells produced in active immunity?
yes
Can bacterial diseases be treated with antibiotics?
yes
When do you gain innate immunity?
your born with it