IMMUNMITY exam 3 211

A client with Crohn's disease, an autoimmune disorder, informs the nurse about not having any symptoms of the disease in 8 months. What does the nurse understand this asymptomatic period is referred to? A. A cure B. An exacerbation C. An acute inflammatory response D. Remission

D

A client with an allergic disorder is in treatment for their disorder. What might their treatment be? A. Autoimmune therapy B. Hypersensitive therapy C. Resensitization therapy D. Drug therapy

D

A client with early stage rheumatoid arthritis asks the nurse what to do to help ease the symptoms of the disease. What would be the best response by the nurse? A. "The health care provider could prescribe antipyretic drugs." B. "The health care provider could prescribe antineoplastic drugs." C. "The health care provider could prescribe antihypertensive drugs." D. "The health care provider could prescribe anti-inflammatory drugs."

D

A client with rheumatoid arthritis expresses not feeling the need to take medication any longer since being in remission without symptoms. What is the best response by the nurse? A. "As long as you are not having symptoms, you can take a medication vacation." B. "If you don't take your medication, you will become very ill." C. "Be sure to let the physician know after you stop your medications." D. "It is important that you continue to take your medication to avoid an acute exacerbation."

D

A nurse has given an 8-year-old client the scheduled vaccination for rubella. This vaccination will cause the client to develop which expected and desired condition? A. Mild hypersensitivity B. Natural immunity C. Cellular immunity D. Passive acquired immunity

D

A patient is suspected of having rheumatoid arthritis and her diagnostic regimen includes aspiration of synovial fluid from the knee for a definitive diagnosis. The nurse knows that which of the following procedures will be involved? A. Angiography B. Paracentesis C. Myelography D. Arthocentesis

D

Delayed-type Which client is more at risk of becoming infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)? A. A woman who has had deliveries after the age of 40 B. A man who uses sildenafil before having intercourse C. A woman who has never had intercourse D. A person having casual intercourse with multiple partners

D

Nursing assessment findings reveal joint swelling and tenderness and a butterfly rash on the face. The nurse suspects which of the following? A. Scleroderma B. Fibromyalgia C. Ankylosing spondylitis D. Systemic lupus erythematous

D

Which group of mediators initiates the inflammatory response? A. Lymphokines B. Prostaglandins C. Mast cells D. Leukotrienes

D

A client has been diagnosed with AIDS and tuberculosis (TB). A nursing student asks the nurse why the client's skin test for TB is negative if the client's physician has diagnosed TB. The nurse's correct reply is which of the following? A. The client's immune system cannot mount a response to the skin test. B. The client has only mild TB, which is not enough to cause a reaction. C. The solution used for the skin test was probably outdated. D. The skin test was improperly performed.

A

A client is receiving a transfusion of packed red blood cells. Shortly after initiation of the transfusion, the client begins to exhibit signs and symptoms of a transfusion reaction. The client is suffering from which type of hypersensitivity? A. Cytotoxic (type II) B. Delayed type (type IV) C. Immune complex (type III) D. Anaphylactic (type 1)

A

A client with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) comes to the clinic reporting difficulty swallowing. The client says, "It hurts so much when I swallow." Inspection reveals creamy white patches in the client's mouth. What will the nurse suspect? A. Candidiasis B. Wasting syndrome C. Clostridium difficile diarrhea D. Cryptococcus neoformans

A

A client's history of skin hyperreactivity and inflammation has been attributed to atopic dermatitis. The nurse should recognize that this client consequently faces an increased risk of which health problem? A. Asthma B. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) C. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) D. Bronchitis

A

A nurse should advise a client with gout to avoid which foods? A. Organ meats and scallops B. Bread and cereal C. Nuts and peanut butter D. Fruits and juices

A

A patient who has been newly diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been admitted to the medical unit. Which of the following nursing diagnoses is the most plausible inclusion in the plan of care? A. Fatigue Related to Anemia B. Risk for Ineffective Tissue Perfusion Related to Venous Thromboembolism C. Acute Confusion Related to Increased Serum Ammonia Levels D. Risk for Ineffective Tissue Perfusion Related to Increased Hematocrit

A

All the following items are related to cancer. Which does not affect the immune system? A. Diagnostic tests for cancer B. Radiation treatment C. Altered production of lymphocytes D. Chemotherapy

A

Vaccination confers life-long immunity against influenza. A client is complaining of severe pain in the left great toe. What lab studies that the nurse reviews indicate that the client may have gout? A. Elevated uric acid levels B. Increased AST and ALT C. Decreased hemoglobin and hematocrit D. Elevated white blood count

A

Which is a primary chemical mediator of hypersensitivity? A. Histamine B. Bradykinin C. Heparin D. Serotonin

A

Which of the following is the most severe form of hypersensitivity reaction? A. Anaphylaxis B. Immune complex C. Cytotoxic D. Delayed-type

A

Why would it be important for the nurse to question the client about sexual practices, history of substance use disorder, and the client's lifestyle during the interview process? A. To determine if the client has practices that the client at risk for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) B. To find out if the client will be compliant with therapeutic treatments C. To determine if the client needs a referral to counseling services D. To determine what type of personality the client has

A

A 17-year-old girl with spina bifida is helping her mother prepare for her younger brother's birthday party. After blowing up a balloon, the girl develops erythema and itching around her mouth. This is likely due to which of the following? A. A developing cold sore B. A latex allergy C. A food allergy D. Facial eczema

B

A client will be receiving a hepatitis B vaccination series prior to employment in a dialysis center. What type of immunity will this provide? A. Naturally acquired active immunity B. Artificially acquired active immunity C. Passive immunity D. Forced immunity

B

A client with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has the classic rash of lesions on the cheeks and bridge of the nose. What term should the nurse use to describe this characteristic pattern? A. Pustular rash B. Butterfly rash C. Bull's eye rash D. Papular rash

B

A nurse's plan of care for a patient with rheumatoid arthritis includes several exercise-based interventions. Exercises for patients with rheumatoid disorders should have which of the following goals? A. Increase joint size and strength B. Preserve and increase range of motion while limiting joint stress C. Maximize range of motion while minimizing exertion D. Limit energy output in order to preserve strength for healing

B

A patient has been diagnosed with an allergy to peanuts. What is a priority for this patient to carry at all times? A. A medical alert bracelet B. An EpiPen C. An H1 blocker D. An oral airway

B

A patient's decreased mobility is ultimately the result of an autoimmune reaction originating in the synovial tissue, which caused the formation of pannus. This patient has been diagnosed with what health problem? A. Osteoporosis B. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) C. Polymyositis D. Systemic lupus erythematosus

B

A patient's rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has failed to respond appreciably to first-line treatments and the primary care provider has added prednisone to the patient's drug regimen. What principle will guide this aspect of the patient's treatment? A. The patient must stop all other drugs 72 hours before starting prednisone. B. The drug should be used for as short a time as possible. C. The drug should be used at the highest dose the patient can tolerate. D. The patient will need daily blood testing for the duration of treatment.

B

The nurse is educating a patient with allergic rhinitis about how the condition is induced. What should the nurse include in the education on this topic? A. Parenteral medications B. Airborne pollens or molds C. Ingested foods D. Topical creams or ointments

B

What are the primary participants in the immune system? A. Lymphoblasts and gamma globulins B. T- and B- cell lymphocytes C. Macrophages and memory cells D. Stem cells and monocytes

B

A client has been hospitalized for diagnostic testing. The client has just been diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, which the physician explains is an autoimmune disorder. How would the nurse explain an autoimmune disease to the client? A. A disorder where histocompatible cells attack the immunoglobulins. B. A disorder where the body has too many immunoglobulins. C. A disorder where killer T cells and autoantibodies attack or destroy natural cells—those cells that are "self." D. A disorder where the body does not have enough immunoglobulins.

C

A community health nurse is performing a visit to the home of a patient who has a history of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). On what aspect of the patient's health should the nurse focus most closely during the visit? A. The patient's understanding of rheumatoid arthritis B. The patient's social support system C. The patient's functional status D. The patient's risk for cardiopulmonary complications

C

A nurse has been administering seasonal influenza vaccinations to the residents of a long-term care facility. One resident has refused the vaccinations, stating that he believes the vaccination to be a cause of influenza infection rather than a protection against it. The nurse's response to this resident should encompass which of the following facts about vaccination? A. Vaccination against influenza means that future exposure does not require an immune response. B. A vaccine is directly cytotoxic to the influenza virus. C. Vaccination prompts the body to produce antibodies against influenza. D. Vaccination confers life-long immunity against influenza.

C

A nurse is providing information on food allergies to a group of teachers. What food items would the nurse inform the teachers are common allergens? A. Citrus fruit and rice B. Rye flour and cheese C. Eggs and nuts D. Root vegetables and tomatoes

C

The nurse is administering injected allergens for "hyposensitization," which may produce harmful systemic reactions. Prior to administering these allergens, what medication should the nurse have at the bedside? A. Meclizine hydrochloride B. Pentazocine C. Epinephrine D. Phenergan hydrochloride

C

The nurse is completing a focused assessment addressing a client's immune function. What should the nurse prioritize in the physical assessment? A. Auscultation of the client's apical heart rate B. Palpation of the client's liver C. Palpation of the client's lymph nodes D. Percussion of the client's abdomen

C

When developing the plan of care for a client with a primary immunodeficiency, which nursing diagnosis would be the priority? A. Anxiety related to an inherited disorder B. Impaired skin integrity related to persistent deep skin abscesses C. Risk for infection related to altered immune cell function D. Grieving related to the poor prognosis of the condition

C