Imperialism History Test

Why was it hard for europeans to navigate around Africa?

African rivers had rapids, cataracts, and changing flows

Why did Italians want to colonize Ethiopia?

Italians wanted to build their national reputation and to have a place to resettle poor and landless Italians. This caused the Battle of Adwa

Religious motive

Christianize the "savages"

How did Samori resist colonialism?

Samori made a military state before Europeans started to push into the interior of West Africa(army of 30,000 to 40,000 men), he tried to pin Britain and French against each other, tried to update his weapons(had no artillery), and tried to make a treaty with the French

What is gunboat diplomacy?

Using military force(boats and weapons) to force a country to negotiate/threaten them

Colony(form of imperialism)

a country or territory governed internally by a foreign power

Protectorate(form of imperialism)

a country with its own internal government but under the control of an outside power

Exploratory motive

adventure/discovery, scientific/medical/economic research

Sphere of Influence(form of imperialism)

an area which an outside power claims exclusive investment of trading privileges

Economic(form of imperialism)

an independent but less-developed country controlled by a private business interests rather than other governments

Why did countries use indirect rule?

cheaper, schools made to set up kids to be clerks, soldiers, and officials, taught imperialism and that important knowledge came from imperial power

What were the 2 ways Italians tried to colonize Ethiopia?

first: Italians tried to trick Menelik with a treaty that said different things in Italian than in Amharic(main language of Ethiopia) second: Italians tried to divide Ethiopians with promises that appealed to ethnic minorities

Where was the Suez Canal?(Egypt)

it connected Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea

What is indirect rule?

local/native government officials used

Economic motive

natural resources, cheap labor, investment opportunities

why was Europe interested in Africa around 1880s

new discoveries of gold in 1886 and diamonds in 1867

Methods(hows) of imperialism

power sources, manufacturing, faster transportation, scientific medicine, agricultural practices

Political Motive

power, intimidating rivals, prestige, military victories are seen as heroic. goal was to become the most powerful nation in the world

List 6 objects/tools of imperialism

railroads, steamships, weapons, telegraphs, radios, and medicine

what happened at the Berlin conference 1884

scramble for Africa

What were different inventions that helped Europe colonize Africa?

steam engines, electric telegraph, bessemer process, maxim gun, repeating rifle, and the treatment for the disease malaria

How did imperialistic administrations make money?

taxing local populations and import taxes

What does COVERT mean?

don't show your true intentions so you can sneak attack(chameleon uses camouflage)

How did science sometimes function as a tool of imperialism?

Imperialists would bring scientists on their ships and take them to new countries where they would find new information and tell this to the imperialists to help them.

Direct Control

Style of imperial government where the head power (ex Great Britain) controlled all levels of government and appointed its own officials to govern the colony.

how did Italians finally defeat Ethiopia?

Taytu and Menelik had an army of 100,000 people but they were destroyed because Italians attacked with their cavalry, artillery, and infantry

What did Samori Ture create?

The Wassoulou empire and the state of Mandinka

What was the treaty between Samori and the French and how was it broken?

The treaty was for Samori to get some land for peace but the French broke it and tried to get Samori's people to rebel against him

What was the point of the Berlin Conference?

to divide up Africa among Europe without conflict

Ideological motive

white man burden to "civilize" others