Imperialism History Test
Why was it hard for europeans to navigate around Africa?
African rivers had rapids, cataracts, and changing flows
Why did Italians want to colonize Ethiopia?
Italians wanted to build their national reputation and to have a place to resettle poor and landless Italians. This caused the Battle of Adwa
Religious motive
Christianize the "savages"
How did Samori resist colonialism?
Samori made a military state before Europeans started to push into the interior of West Africa(army of 30,000 to 40,000 men), he tried to pin Britain and French against each other, tried to update his weapons(had no artillery), and tried to make a treaty with the French
What is gunboat diplomacy?
Using military force(boats and weapons) to force a country to negotiate/threaten them
Colony(form of imperialism)
a country or territory governed internally by a foreign power
Protectorate(form of imperialism)
a country with its own internal government but under the control of an outside power
Exploratory motive
adventure/discovery, scientific/medical/economic research
Sphere of Influence(form of imperialism)
an area which an outside power claims exclusive investment of trading privileges
Economic(form of imperialism)
an independent but less-developed country controlled by a private business interests rather than other governments
Why did countries use indirect rule?
cheaper, schools made to set up kids to be clerks, soldiers, and officials, taught imperialism and that important knowledge came from imperial power
What were the 2 ways Italians tried to colonize Ethiopia?
first: Italians tried to trick Menelik with a treaty that said different things in Italian than in Amharic(main language of Ethiopia) second: Italians tried to divide Ethiopians with promises that appealed to ethnic minorities
Where was the Suez Canal?(Egypt)
it connected Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea
What is indirect rule?
local/native government officials used
Economic motive
natural resources, cheap labor, investment opportunities
why was Europe interested in Africa around 1880s
new discoveries of gold in 1886 and diamonds in 1867
Methods(hows) of imperialism
power sources, manufacturing, faster transportation, scientific medicine, agricultural practices
Political Motive
power, intimidating rivals, prestige, military victories are seen as heroic. goal was to become the most powerful nation in the world
List 6 objects/tools of imperialism
railroads, steamships, weapons, telegraphs, radios, and medicine
what happened at the Berlin conference 1884
scramble for Africa
What were different inventions that helped Europe colonize Africa?
steam engines, electric telegraph, bessemer process, maxim gun, repeating rifle, and the treatment for the disease malaria
How did imperialistic administrations make money?
taxing local populations and import taxes
What does COVERT mean?
don't show your true intentions so you can sneak attack(chameleon uses camouflage)
How did science sometimes function as a tool of imperialism?
Imperialists would bring scientists on their ships and take them to new countries where they would find new information and tell this to the imperialists to help them.
Direct Control
Style of imperial government where the head power (ex Great Britain) controlled all levels of government and appointed its own officials to govern the colony.
how did Italians finally defeat Ethiopia?
Taytu and Menelik had an army of 100,000 people but they were destroyed because Italians attacked with their cavalry, artillery, and infantry
What did Samori Ture create?
The Wassoulou empire and the state of Mandinka
What was the treaty between Samori and the French and how was it broken?
The treaty was for Samori to get some land for peace but the French broke it and tried to get Samori's people to rebel against him
What was the point of the Berlin Conference?
to divide up Africa among Europe without conflict
Ideological motive
white man burden to "civilize" others