Industrial Revolution Test study cards

What factors and attitudes made the United States ripe for industrial growth?

America possessed an abundant working class, natural resources, and investors willing to risk capital by backing American industry. Also America's desire to prove herself to England was a psychological factor.

The United States' first national road was called the _________ Road.

Cumberland

The European nation taking the lead in industry was:

England

Communists agree with the free enterprise system.

False

Communists believe in the seizure of government by peaceful means.

False

Marx and Engels wrote of the deplorable factory conditions in England.

False

Stockholders chose directors and enforced company policies.

False

The Crusades decreased Europe's interest in travel and trade.

False

The Crusades were led by Catholic Turks to free the Holy Land from Muslim control.

False

_______ transatlantic cable _______ telephone _______ the Clermont ________ sewing machine ________ standardized parts ________ Tom Thumb _______ assembly-line production

Field Bell Fulton Howe Whitney Cooper Ford

_______ Clermont _______ Rocket _______ wars to capture the Holy Land _______ cotton gin _______ change from hand to machine

Fulton Stephenson Crusades Whitney Industrial Revolution

________ printing press ________ steam engine ________ improved road building ________ flying shuttle ________ spinning jenny

Gutenberg Watt McAdam Kay Hargreaves

The world-wide change from manual labor to machines was called _________ Revolution.

Industrial

_______ change from manual labor to machine _______ the piece by piece assembling of a product _______ interchangeable parts _______ merger of several businesses into one _______ exclusive control of a product _______ investors in corporations who share in the profits _____ controlled corporations practices

Industrial Revolution assembly line standardized parts consolidation monopoly stockholders Federal Trade Commission

_________ improved road construction ________ steam engine ________ reaping machine ________ airplane ________ oil well ________ light bulb

McAdam Watt McCormick Wright Drake Edison

What were the factors that gave rise to Communism?

The many injustices and abuses of the working class by wealthy industrialists who shared little of the wealth they made gave rise to this preaching for the proletariat to overthrow the capitalists.

What advantages did the steam engine bring to industry?

The steam engine enabled factories to be built away from water sources and run the factory machines.They also boosted the distrubution by quicker transportation methods, like the steamship and steam locomotive. Of course, quicker distrubution means higher consumption which in turn allows for increased production.

Before the Industrial Revolution, craftsmen commonly worked at home.

True

Factories were first powered by water and later by steam.

True

Ford's assembly-line production greatly reduced cost per unit.

True

Labor unions gave a voice against employer abuse to factory workers.

True

Major goals of corporations were to eliminate competition and to increase profits.

True

Many skilled workers and artisans left their trades and went to work in the factories.

True

Monasteries set an example for factories in strict discipline and precise work duties.

True

Steam locomotives provided a faster and safer means of transporting goods.

True

The Communist Manifesto is considered an important work on socialism.

True

The production of goods by trained workers was necessary for trade to increase.

True

The system of standardized parts made possible the replacing of broken or worn parts instead of replacing the whole product.

True

Two raw materials needed by early industry were cotton and coal.

True

The following industrial advantages enabled England to lead the way in Europe's Industrial Revolution:

a sufficient work force enough natural resources enough willing investors to invest in industry

The main investors in the early industry of the United States were New England _________.

businessmen

The disadvantages of factory life were endured by ______.

children

The disadvantages of factory life were endured largely by ________.

children

Factory workers had their grievances heard through a process called:

collective bargaining

The merging of several businesses into one is called an _________.

consolidation

Early factors influencing the Industrial Revolution included:

crusades monasteries capitalism of bankers

Name two sources of power available to industry by the early 1900s.

electricity power coal power

Industrialized methods and inventions were used first in England in the _______ industry.

fabric

The early days of the Industrial Revolution:

improved unemployment stifled the common man

Changes brought about by the Industrial Revolution included:

increased production cheaper goods better products

At the time of the Civil War, the Northern economy was _______, but the Southern economy was largely ________.

industrial agricultural

Factors improving the lives of factory workers included:

labor improvement laws labor unions books by dickens and Disraeli

The law of supply and demand is foundational to a _______ economy.

laissez-faire

Corporations found success in using:

modern machinery superior production methods disciplined organization and management

The exclusive control of a product by a business is called a _______ of that product.

monopoly

People who individually bought ownership in a corporation were called:

stockholders

Taxes placed on imported goods to raise their prices are called:

tariffs

Early European factors that led to the birth of industry were:

the Crusades monasteries early capitalism

Early American industry was given a boost by:

the Embargo Act new production methods war transportation and communication improvements new power sources

Measures controlling the practices of corporations included:

the Federal Trade Commission the antitrust laws the Clayton Antitrust Act labor laws

Social changes resulting from the Industrial Revolution included:

urbanization growing socialism poor living and working conditions

______ mass movement to the city ______ collective or government ownership of production and distrubution ______ opposed government intervention in private business _______ freedom of private business to compete and to operate for a profit ______ private ownership and distrubution of goods competitively in a free market _______ negotiations between labor and management

urbanization socialism laissez-faire free enterprise capitalism collective bargaining

Factories were first powered by _____ then changed to _____ power.

water steam

Factories were first powered by ______ then changed to _______ power.

water steam

The basic requirements needed by a nation for industrial growth are:

work force natural resources sufficient capital