QUIZ 3

The nurse is discharging a patient home on HMG-CoA inhibitor therapy. What statement by the patient demonstrates that they have a clear understanding of the teaching?

"I should take this drug at bedtime, since my body makes lipids mostly at night."

An appropriate goal for a client taking niacin would be to reduce total serum cholesterol to which level?

<200 mg/dL

What is the most accurate method for preventing adverse effects associated with the use of digoxin?

Assess the patient's heart rate and hold administration if it is less than 60.

The nurse is teaching a female patient about newly prescribed digoxin. The patient tells the nurse that she occasionally uses herbal therapies. The nurse should caution the patient against using therapies that involve which herbs?

Ginseng

A patient is receiving digoxin. The nurse monitors the patient's digoxin level. Which finding would the nurse interpret as therapeutic?

1.5 ng/mL

A male client is seen by the physician for follow-up for diabetic nephropathy. The physician prescribed losartan for the treatment of this condition because the medication has been shown to reduce the rate of end-stage renal disease. Which drug class does this drug belong to?

Angiotensin II receptor blockers

Which would be classified as a bile acid sequestrant?

Cholestyramine

A patient who has been taking lovastatin (Mevacor) has seen an improvement in his cholesterol laboratory values; however, the low-density lipoprotein remains elevated. What medication will be added to the medical regime?

Cholestyramine (Questran)

A nurse is caring for a patient admitted to the intensive care unit because of heart failure. The patient is prescribed digoxin. Which nursing diagnosis would be appropriate for this patient?

Decreased Cardiac Output related to altered cardiac function

A 71-year-old male patient has recently been diagnosed with hypertension. Which measurement is a partial indication of effective treatment and management?

Diastolic blood pressure below 90 mm Hg

After teaching a class of students about heart failure and drug therapy, the instructor determines that the teaching has been successful when the students identify which drug as most often used as treatment?

Digoxin

What drug is a safe and effective calcium channel blocker only if given as sustained-release or extended-release preparations to treat hypertension?

Diltiazem (Cardizem)

A patient with hyperlipidemia is prescribed ezetimibe. Which ongoing assessment should the nurse perform during treatment?

Frequently monitor blood cholesterol.

A patient has been prescribed atorvastatin (Lipitor) comes to the clinic with acute muscle pain not associated with exercise or injury, which indicates potential rhabdomyolysis. The nurse knows that the use of atorvastatin with which products places the patient at risk for rhabdomyolysis?

Grapefruit juice consumption

The pharmacology instructor is discussing medications used in the treatment of dyslipidemia. Which drug class would the instructor identify as the most widely used dyslipidemia drugs?

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors

A patient with diabetes mellitus is prescribed captopril (Capoten) to treat hypertension. What electrolyte imbalance might the patient be prone to develop?

Hyperkalemia

What are cardiac glycosides used for?

Increase the force of the contraction of the heart

The patient has been placed on a nitroprusside drip for the treatment of a hypertensive crisis. Which mechanism of action does the nurse know is true for nitroprusside?

It directly relaxes vascular smooth muscle, allowing dilation of peripheral arteries and veins.

A group of students are reviewing the various antihypertensive agents. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify what as an example of an angiotensin II receptor blocker?

Losartan

A nurse is caring for a patient who is taking digoxin and a loop diuretic. Which would be most important for the nurse to monitor?

Potassium levels

A patient who is taking a calcium channel blocker calls the clinic nurse with symptoms of drug toxicity. What would be a priority assessment for the nurse to make about this client?

The ingestion of grapefruit juice

A 37-year-old woman with moderately elevated lipid levels requests immediate pharmacotherapy for her dyslipidemia. The nurse explains that a period of intensive diet therapy and lifestyle modification will be utilized before drug therapy is considered. The nurse explains the rationale for this regimen as:

Therapeutic lifestyle changes are the preferred method for lowering blood lipids.

Which is an adverse reaction associated with cardiotonic medications?

Visual disturbances

A 26-year-old white male patient has been prescribed captopril for hypertension. A nurse has been assigned to the patient to provide education regarding the use of this drug. The nurse will advise the patient that:

a persistent, dry cough may occur; however, it is not serious.

An older adult who lives in a long-term care facility has recently begun taking losartan (Cozaar) for the treatment of hypertension. The nurse who provides care for this resident should recognize that this change in the resident's medication regimen make create a risk for:

falls.