Info Systems Final

Which of the following is NOT a feature of a network diagram?

Connecting arrows are not used

COCOMO stands for ________.

Constructive Cost Model

Which of the following is NOT a part of project initiation?

Create a project budget

Which of the following is an example of an intangible cost?

Customer goodwil

Because computers were so expensive, computer memory was also at a premium, so system developers conserved as much memory as possible for ________.

Data storage

A ________ is a diagram of process logic where the logic is reasonably complicated.

Decision table

What is the end result of a JAD?

Detailed documents of the current system

Which best describes facilitated reuses?

Developers are not required to practice reuse, but are encouraged to do so.

Together, SAP and Oracle control about 36 percent of the ________ market.

ERP

Which feasibility category deals with identifying financial benefits associated with the project?

Economic

List the six sources of software used by organizations.

1. information technology services firms 2. packaged software providers 3. vendors of enterprise-wide solution software 4. cloud computing 5. open-source software 6. the organization itself when it develops software in-house

The second phase in the SDLC is ________.

Analysis

All of the following are ways of validating purchased software information, except ________.

Asking the manufacturer if they feel their software is best

Intuit's QuickBooks is an example of what type of software?

Pre-packaged software

The lowest level of a DFD is called a ________ data flow diagram.

Primitive

Which of the following is NOT a part of the Evolutionary model of the SDLC process?

Procedure

Which of the following is NOT included in the feasibility assessment?

System alternatives

Who has the primary responsibility for the design and analysis of information systems?

Systems analyst

Who is typically responsible for performing the PIP process?

Systems analyst

________ is/are the process(es) that an analyst will follow to help ensure that his work is complete, well-done, and understood by project team members.

Techniques

Which of the following is NOT a basic reuse software step?

Testing

What are Agile Methodologies? What are the three key principles of the Agile Methodologies?

The Agile Methodologies are a response to the problems associated with the traditional SDLC methodology. The Agile Methodologies group argues that software development methodologies adapted from engineering generally do not fit with real-world software development. The three key principles are a focus on adaptive rather than predictive methodologies, a focus on people rather than roles, and a focus on a self-adaptive process.

List and describe the parts of the feasibility assessment portion of a baseline project report.

Economic Analysis-Provides an economic justification for the system using cost-benefit analysis. Technical Analysis-Provides a discussion of relevant technical risk factors and an overall risk rating of the project. Operational Analysis-Provides an analysis of how the proposed system solves business problems or takes advantage of business opportunities in addition to an assessment of how current day-to-day activities will be changed by the system. Legal and Contractual Analysis-Provides a description of any legal or contractual risks related to the project. Political Analysis-Provides a description of how key stakeholders within the organization view the proposed system. Schedules, Time Line, and Resource Analysis-Provides a description of potential time frame and completion date scenarios using various resource allocation schemes.

________ are large, complex systems that consist of a series of independent system modules.

Enterprise-wide systems

Which of the following is an example of a tangible benefit?

Error reduction in data entry

Which of the following is NOT a form of closed-ended questions?

Essay

________ and ________ are the two types of prototypes.

Evolutionary; throwaway

A level-1 diagram is a DFD that represents a system's major processes, data flows, and data stores at a high level of detail.

False

A project is an unplanned undertaking of a series of related activities to reach an objective that has a beginning and an end

False

A study that determines if the proposed information system makes sense for the organization from an economic and operational standpoint is called non-feasibility study.

False

Because open source software is free, it is impossible to make money with it.

False

Component based development is the opposite of object-oriented development.

False

DFDs do a very good job of representing time. On a given DFD, there is an indication of whether a data flow occurs constantly in real time, once per week, or once per year. There is also an indication of when a system would run.

False

Due to security concerns, cloud computing has experienced decreased growth in recent years.

False

If your DFD contains data flows that do not lead anywhere or data stores, processes or external entities that are not connected to anything else, your DFD is not accurate.

False

JADs are best held at the corporate office where everyone's office is nearby.

False

New versions or releases of software with associated updates to documentation, training, and support are not part of the maintenance phase.

False

One of the key emphases of eXtreme Programming is to use a three-person programming team.

False

Small projects do not have any risk.

False

Software that can be modified to meet the needs of an organization are called turnkey systems.

False

The Agile Methodologies focus on the roles that people perform rather than placing the emphasis on individuals.

False

The Project Workbook is an offline or hard-copy repository for all project correspondence, inputs, outputs, deliverables, procedures, and standards that is used for performing project audits, orienting new team members, communicating with management and customers, identifying future projects, and performing post-project reviews.

False

The second phase in the SDLC is Design.

False

There are two different standard sets of DFD symbols and each set consists of three symbols that represent the same things.

False

eXtreme Programming is not an instance of one of the Agile Methodologies.

False

A ________, which is conducted by the project manager, involves determining if the information system makes sense for the organization from an economic and operational standpoint.

Feasibility study

Which criterion refers to how easy it is to customize the software?

Flexibility

Which type of project should companies not have too many of?

High risk

What is the first step in the BPR effort?

Identify the key processes.

When an organization has the resources and a system must be built from scratch, an organization should choose what type of software?

In-house development

A(n) ________ arises when one use case uses another use case and is shown diagrammatically as a dotted-line arrow pointed toward the use case that is being used.

Include relationship

In order, what are the four steps in the project management process?

Initiating the project, planning the project, executing the project, and closing down the project.

No process can have only ________ and if an object has only that, then it must be a sink.

Inputs

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of a group interview?

It is a waste of an analysts time to interview a group.

A ________ is a DFD that represents a system's major processes, data flows, and data stores at a high level of detail.

Level-0 diagram

In which design phase of the SDLC are all functional features of the system chosen for development in analysis described independently of any computer platform?

Logical design

Which of the following is NOT a feature of eXtreme Programming?

Long cycles

At the ________ level of DFDs, new data flows may be added to represent data that are transmitted under exceptional conditions. These data flows typically represent error messages or confirmation notices.

Lowest

What is meant by system methodologies, techniques, and tools

Methodologies are comprehensive, multiple-step approaches to systems development. Techniques are particular processes that you follow to help ensure that your work is complete, well done, and understood by others. Tools are typically computer programs that make it easier to use and benefit from techniques and to follow faithfully the guidelines of the overall development methodology. The techniques and tools should support the chosen methodology. Methodologies, techniques, and tools work together to form an organizational approach to systems analysis and design.

________ is a critical path scheduling technique used for controlling resources.

Network diagramming

Which of the following is a component of the Maintenance phase of the SDLC?

New versions or releases of software with associated updates to documentation, training, and support

________ current system users is a more direct way of seeing how an existing system operates.

Observing

A critical path refers to a sequence of task activities whose ________ and ________ directly affect the completion date of a project.

Order; duration

No process can have only ________. It would be making data from nothing (a miracle). If an object has only outputs, then it must be a source.

Outputs

Which of the following is a reason why a company may outsource certain operations?

Outsource noncore activities

What is the primary purpose of JAD?

To gather systems requirements simultaneously

A data flow has a noun phrase label. More than one data flow noun phrase can appear on a single arrow as long as all of the flows on the same arrow move together as one package.

True

An example of a recurring tangible cost is software.

True

An example of cloud computing is salesforce.com.

True

BPR advocates believe radical increases in the quality of business processes can be accomplished with IT.

True

Computer-aided software engineering (CASE) tools were developed to make systems developers' work easier and more consistent.

True

For riskier projects, the return is typically greater.

True

Information systems analysis and design is a process to develop and maintain computer-based information systems.

True

The acronym PERT stands for Program Evaluation Review Technique.

True

The project manager is a systems analyst with a diverse set of skills-management, leadership, technical, conflict management, and customer relationship-who is responsible for initiating, planning, executing, and closing down a project.

True

The useful life of many IS may not exceed five years.

True

When interviewing someone, the interviewer should make sure the questions do imply an answer is right or wrong.

True

Which of the following is NOT true about project closedown?

Unnatural termination of a project can never happen.

Which of the following is a drawback of the traditional waterfall SDLC approach?

Users are locked into requirements.

________ are peer group reviews of products created via the systems development process.

Walk-throughs

A(n) ________ diagram shows the conditional logic for the sequence of system activities needed to accomplish a business process.

Activity

A(n) ________ is an external entity that interacts with a system and is someone or something that exchanges information with the systems.

Actor

Which of the following is correct with respect to the logical design?

All functional features of the system chosen for development in analysis are described independently of any computer platform.

Why are forms important?

Because they explain what data flows out of a system

Which option identifies the point at which benefits equal costs?

Break-even analysis

Which of the following is an organization that hosts and runs computer applications for other companies, typically on a per use or license basis?

Cloud computing application provider

What is cloud computing? What are the advantages and disadvantages of using a cloud?

Cloud computing provides a means for applications to be hosted and run for other companies by a provider. Advantages include less need for internal information technology staff, gaining access to applications faster than internal development, and achieving lower-cost access to corporate-quality applications. Some concerns are reliability, security and compliance with government regulations.

The project charter will never include which of the following?

Project budget

List the six project initiation activities.

Project initiation 1. Establishing the project initiation team 2. Establishing a relationship with the customer 3. Establishing the project initiation plan 4. Establishing management procedures 5. Establishing the project management 6. Environment and project workbook

________ is NOT one of the levels of details suggested by Cockburn.

Red

Which of the following is NOT a common criterion when choosing off-the-shelf software?

Reputation of the firm

All of the following are categories of feasibility except ________.

Scope

What is the first guideline in effective interviewing?

Set an appointment

The critical path represents the ________ time in which a project can be completed.

Shortest

Nodes not on the critical path contain ________ time and allow the project manager some flexibility in scheduling.

Slack

Describe the three basic steps of reuse.

Software reuse has three basic steps: abstraction, storage, and recontextualization. Abstraction involves the design of a reusable piece of software, starting from existing software assets or from scratch. Storage involves making software assets available for others to use. Once an asset has been found, recontextualization becomes important. This involves making the reusable asset understandable to developers who want to use it in their systems.

Which of the following is NOT true with respect to determining project standards and procedures?

Specifies the budget and resource allocation

Assume a proposed system has a useful life of 5 years, one-time costs of $250,000, recurring costs of $80,000 per year, and tangible benefits of $175,000 per year. If the cost of capital is 12%, what is the overall NPV? Overall ROI? Break-even point?

The overall NPV is $92,454; the overall ROI is .17, and break-even occurs in year 4.

Explain the three parts of a decision table.

The table has three parts: the condition stubs, the action stubs, and the rules. The condition stubs contain the various conditions that apply to the situation the table is modeling. The action stubs contain all the possible courses of action that result from combining values of the condition stubs. The part of the table that links conditions to actions is the section that contains the rules.