INFS 247 Study Guide

What error occurs in a database if a name is spelled incorrectly?

Accuracy

What are computer-based systems that collect, store and manipulate data?

Information System

Diagram the supply chain. What direction is upstream? What direction is downstream?

Supplier ←→ Manufacturer ←→ Distributor ←→ Retailer ←→ Customer Upstream is toward supplier; downstream is toward customer

What kind of threat occurs when there are many alternatives to a product or service?

Threat of Substitutes (Porter's forces)

What error occurs in a database if the information to be entered falls outside the relevant timeframe

Timeliness

What type of information encompasses all of the information contained within a single business process or unit of work? Its primary purpose is to support daily operational tasks. Transactional or analytical?

Transactional

In market basket analysis, how do you calculate confidence of A to C?

(number of transactions containing A & C) divided by (total number of transactions containing A)

In market basket analysis, how do you calculate support of A to C?

(number of transactions containing A & C) divided by (total number of transactions)

What are the components of an Information System? (Include sub-components)

- People, Information, Information Technology (PITT) -People is the most important -Information Technology includes hardware, software, and networks

Redesigning and changing existing business processes is known as what?

-Business Process Reengineering (BPR) -automation, streamlining, BPR, Strategic business process reengineering are four ways to do this

What are the four ways to integrate an ERP system?

-ERP suite, Best of Breed (picking and choosing modules from different vendors), Custom Develop, Mixed Approach

What is the purpose of CRM?

-Finding who are our valuable customers -gaining insight into the behavior of customers to identify new customers, spotting trends, driving sales growth and revenue, and supporting customer retention

What is the difference between goal seek, solver and scenario manager?

-Goal Seek determines what value needs to be in an input cell to achieve a desired result in a formula cell. -Solver determines what values need to be in multiple input cells to achieve a desired result. -Scenario manager is a what-if-analysis tools in excel that helps us see the impact of changing input values without changing the actual data.

Which of Porter's models is used to determine the attractiveness of an industry?

-Porter's 5 Forces model -elements of Porter's 5 Forces: Power of Supplies, Power of Buyers, Threat of Substitutes, Threat of New Entrants, Existing Industry Rivalry

What is buyer power?

-The ability of your consumers to influence pricing -Walmart vs Vlasic Pickles

A high what can make customers reluctant to switch to another product or service?

-a high switching cost

What is the difference between direct and indirect database users?

-direct user goes straight to the database through a DBMS (MS Access in this class); talking the language of the DBMS -Indirect user- do not have direct access; through front-end application

What impact do loyalty programs and switching costs have on buyer power?

-reduces buyer power

What are the steps involved in developing a database?

1.Requirement collection, definition, and visualization 2.Database modeling- creation of the database model 3.Database implementation- using a DBMS to implement the database model as an actual database 4.Developing front-end applications 5.Database deployment- releasing the database system for use 6.Database use- insertion, modification, deletion, retrieval 7.Database administration and maintenance- security, backup

Describe and define all data quality characteristics.

Accuracy Uniqueness: every entry occurs only once Completeness: presence of all required data Consistency: error with raw data. E.g. inflation in total count of employees due to double listing of certain employees that is uniqueness problem. This error usually fixes itself when you fix another error that is triggering it Timeliness: "freshness" of data Conformity: formats

How do you determine the number of columns/fields in a table from an entity in an ER diagram?

Add the attributes within the table includes foreign key

What type of information encompasses organizational information, with the primary purpose being to support the performing of managerial analysis? Transactional or analytical?

Analytical information

What are three e-business models?

Brick and Mortar (only physical presence) Pure-Play (only virtual presence; online) Click and Mortar (Combination of both)

Which c-level role oversees all uses of IT and ensures IT's strategic alignment with business goals and objectives?

Chief Technology Officer

What error occurs in a database if the area code is missing from a phone number?

Completeness

What error occurs in a database if an entity is entered multiple times?

Consistency

How do you determine the number of tables in an ER diagram?

Count the boxes + Junction table (many to many relationships)

What does CRM stand for?

Customer Relationship Management

What process do we use to find patterns in data?

Data mining; patterns need to be accurate, meaningful, understandable, and actionable

What is the difference between direct and indirect interaction with a database?

Direct: User communicating with the database directly through DBMS User issuing commands in the language of DBMS EX: Adding things internally (etc) Indirect: User communicating with the database through front-end applications EX: ATM user interacting with the DBMS by using a front-end application

What OLAP operations will result in more data being displayed?

Drilling Down

What OLAP operations will result in less data being displayed?

Drilling Up

What is the difference between e-business and e-commerce?

E-business is the conducting of business on the web, while e-commerce refers only to buying and selling on the internet.

What is an ERP system?

Enterprise Resource Planning-System that allows a company to manage many or most of its business activities

What is the most appropriate and fertile source of data for meaningful and effective data mining?

Enterprise-wide corporate data warehouse

The capability to consolidate, drill-down and slice and dice is offered by most of what type of tools, OLAP or OLTP?

OLAP

What is the general activity of updating, querying and presenting data from databases for analytical purposes? OLAP or OLTP?

OLAP

What is the general activity of updating, querying and presenting data from databases for operational purposes? OLAP or OLTP?

OLTP

what is oltp

Online Transaction Processing

What is the basic business database system that serves the operational level in an organization?

Operational database

How do you know which field goes where in a pivot table? What goes into the Report Filter, Column Labels, Row Labels and Values quadrants?

Report filter: usually cell A1 Column labels: what categories are the columns divided by (eg: level of education, if the column heads say 'grad' and 'undergrad') Row labels: what categories are the rows divided by (eg: 'instructors' if each row has a prof's name) Values: has to do with calculations (basically the cell range with the numbers)

What impact do loyalty programs have on buyer power?

There will be a reduction in buyer power because loyalty programs offer rewards to customers based on the amount of business they do with that organization

What are the 3 OLAP operations?

Slice and Dice, Drilling up and Down, Pivot

What do most ERP systems offer?

They allow employees to make decisions by viewing enterprise wide information on all business operations Enterprise Resource Planning facilitate processes that are uniform across industries and companies

Hardware, software and networks are the three sub-components of Information System component?

Yes; under information technology

What is used to support decision making without disrupting day-to-day operations?

data warehouse

Where is the manufacturer in relation to the supplier?

downstream

Do I see more or less data when I slice and dice data?

less

Do I see more or less data when I drill down?

more

what is olap

online analytical processing

Most important component of an information system?

people

Do I see more or less data when I pivot data?

same

What does SCM stand for?

supply chain management

T or F. Data generated by a customer transaction can exist in both the operational database as well as the data warehouse

true