Inherent powers

10th Amendment

The Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, a part of the Bill of Rights, was ratified on December 15, 1791. It expresses the principle of federalism, also known as states' rights by stating that the federal government has only those powers delegated to it by the Constitution, and that all other powers not forbidden to the states by the Constitution, are reserved to each state, or its people.

Extradition

The legal process by which a fugitive from justice in one state is returned to that state

Supreme Law

The rules that shape the actions of government and the people

Federalism

a form of government in which power is divided between the federal, or national, government and the states

Article IV

dentifies the Supremacy Clause of the Constitution

Interstate Compact

formal agreement entered into with the consent of Congress, between or among States, or between a State and a foreign state

Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA)

1996, Declares that states are not obligated to recognize any same sex marriages that might not be legally sanctioned in other states, defined marriage and spouse in heterosexual terms for federal law

Privileges & Immunities

A clause in Article IV, Section 2, of the Constitution according citizens of each state most of the privileges of citizens of other states.

Pledge of Allegiance

A promise citizens of the United States make to be true to their flag and all that it stands for

inherent powers

Inherent powers refer to those powers over and beyond those explicitly spelled out in the Constitution or which can reasonably be implied from express grants.

implied powers

Powers inferred from the express powers that allow Congress to carry out its functions.

Denied Powers

Powers which the constitution prohibits to the national and state governments

Concurrent powers

powers shared by the national and state governments

Expressed powers

powers that congress has that are specifically listed in the constitution

Reserved powers

powers that the Constitution does not give to the national government that are kept by the states

Delegated powers

specifically outlined in the U.S. Constitution. These powers limit what Congress can do, and also define what Congress is in charge of regulating.

Supreme Court

the highest judicial court in a country or state.

Exclusive powers

those powers that can only be exercised by the Federal Parliament. These powers are listed in the Constitution

Full Faith & Credit state

to recognize the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state.

McCulloch v. Maryland-McCulloch v. Maryland

was a landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision that defined the scope of the U.S. Congress's legislative power and how it relates to the powers of American state legislatures. The dispute in McCulloch involved the legality of the national bank and a tax that the state of Maryland imposed on it. In its ruling, the Supreme Court established firstly that the "Necessary and Proper" Clause of the U.S. Constitution gives the U.S. federal government certain implied powers that are not explicitly enumerated in the Constitution, and secondly that the American federal government is supreme over the states, and so states' ability to interfere with the federal government is limited.