InQuizitive Chapter 15

Identify the functions of the black churches in the Reconstruction South.

568 a place for social gatherings a political gathering spot housed schools a place of worship

The United States was the only society to experience problems with labor during the transition from slavery to freedom.

575, 578 False

In what ways did the Sharecropping contract limit the freedom of the laborers?

576-577 The freedmen are contractually obligated to "obey" the landowner. The freedmen are required to compensate the landowner if they miss their work for a day.

How did Congress attempt to eradicate the power of the Ku Klux Klan?

596-597 Enforcement Acts

Identify the ways in which blacks celebrated their freedom.

567 by attending mass meetings and religious services by purchasing guns and alcohol by traveling

Why was education so important to freed blacks?

568 They wanted to be able to read the Bible. They wanted to prepare to participate in the economic marketplace. They wanted the opportunity to take part in politics.

Former slaves believed that their political freedom should include the right to vote.

568-569 True

Identify the statements that describe the objectives of the Freedmen's Bureau.

571-572 establish schools for blacks provide aid to the poor and aged settle disputes between blacks and whites secure equal treatment for blacks before the courts

Describe the new systems of labor that emerged in the South.

573 The task system survived in the rice kingdoms of South Carolina and Georgia, while wage labor was preferred in Louisiana's sugar plantations. Sharecropping came to dominate in the cotton and tobacco regions of Virginia and North Carolina.

Identify the statements that describe sharecropping.

574 a compromise between blacks' desire for land ownership and whites' need to discipline their labor force preferred by former slaves because it allowed them to work without white supervision guaranteed planters a stable labor force required farmers to divide the crop with the landowner at the end of the year

Identify the components of Andrew Johnson's plan for Presidential Reconstruction.

579 Pardon nearly all white southerners who took an oath of allegiance to the Union State conventions to establish new, loyal state governments Refusal to pay Confederate debts Abolition of slavery Repudiation of secession Appointment of provisional governors

Identify the statements that describe the Civil Rights Bill of 1866.

582 ensured all citizens enjoyed a set of basic rights defined all persons born in the United States as citizens

The Fourteenth Amendment established the principle of citizenship for all persons born in the United States and empowered the federal government to protect the rights of all Americans.

583 True

Identify the statements below that describe the Reconstruction Amendments.

586 served as the constitutional basis for the civil rights movement of the 1960s consisted of three amendments, which ultimately led to the incorporation of black Americans into society as citizens

How did the new state constitutions drafted during Radical Reconstruction expand public responsibilities and provide for equal rights?

590-591 They established a state-funded free public education system. They created state-run and funded institutions like orphanages, prisons, and homes for the insane.

The new state governments under the control of Republicans failed to improve life in the South during Reconstruction.

593 False

Why did southerners oppose Reconstruction?

594 Poor southern whites did not experience the improvement to their economic situation as they had hoped. Southern whites could not accept the idea of blacks' equality. Reconstruction governments were corrupt.

Why did northern Republican support for Reconstruction diminish in the 1870s?

596-597 Many of the Radical Republicans who had established the Reconstruction plan had died. Many northerners believed that the South should be able to solve its own problems. Many believed that the federal government had created the conditions of freedom, and success was now up to blacks. Republicans began to face criticism from their constituencies about the cost of Reconstruction.

The Liberal Republican Party began to side with Democrats in believing that the federal government's power had grown too much during the war and needed to be curtailed.

597 True

Identify the factors that contributed to the weakening of northern support for Reconstruction.

597-598 The Supreme Court's failure to fully uphold the rights of blacks northern journalists' depictions of the failure of southern black leadership The growth of Democratic power in Congress The economic depression of the early 1870s

The Bargain of 1877 decided the election of 1876 in favor of the Republicans, while the Republicans promised to recognize Democratic control of the South, essentially ending Reconstruction.

599-600 True

Why did former slaves believe that landownership was the cornerstone of freedom?

It allowed for the development of black communities independent of white control. They were entitled to the land because of their unpaid labor.