InQuizitive: Chapter 17

What was Coxey's Army?

A group of unemployed businessmen who marched to Washington, D.C., to demand economic relief

Identify where the United States had attempted to extend its territory prior to 1890 and the age of American expansionism.

Alaska

What do they reveal about the Spanish-American conflicts in the Pacific and Caribbean?

America had victories in both the Pacific and the Caribbean. American forces made direct attacks on Spanish possessions.

Between 1883 and 1905, more than fifty people a year were lynched, which is murder by a mob, in the South. Identify the statements that describe lynching in the South.

In an attempt to justify the brutal lynching murder of African-Americans, many were accused of raping white women. Some lynchings occurred in secret, while others were advertised in advance. Many individuals who spoke out against lynching faced severe repercussions for their actions.

Identify the statements that describe the experiences of African-Americans in the South.

In most of the Deep South, African-Americans owned a smaller percentage of land in 1900 than they did at the end of Reconstruction. Black men were excluded from white-collar jobs.

Identify the statements that describe segregation in the south.

Plessy v. Ferguson provided the legal grounding for the institutionalization of segregation in the South. Segregation was part of a larger system of white supremacy.

Within the labor movement, the demise of the Knights of Labor led to a shift away from the broadly reformist past to more limited goals. The ascendancy of the American Federation of Labor (AFL) was indicative of this new direction. Identify the statements that describe the AFL.

Rather than confronting the owners of industry head on, the AFL devoted itself to negotiating with employers for better working conditions and higher wages. The new AFL policies became known as "business unionism" in the language of the era's business culture.

Which of the following are true concerning the 1896 election?

Republicans' main challenge to the Populists' candidate was the "gold standard" as gold was the only "honest" currency. William Jennings Bryan was the candidate for the Democrats and the Populists. The election of 1896 is considered the first "modern" election by many historians.

Match the following terms and statements dealing with labor and government interactions.

Strikes at a railroad car manufacturer led to a general strike by the American Railway Union that crippled national rail service. Correct label: Pullman unanimously confirmed the sentences and approved the use of injunctions against striking labor unions Correct label: Supreme Court case of In re Debs federal troops called in to disperse hundreds of unemployed men marching on Washington Correct label: Coxey's Army (Jacob Coxey)

In 1879 and 1880, an estimated 40,000-60,000 African-Americans migrated to Alabama seeking political equality, freedom from violence, access to education, and economic opportunity. T or F?

False

In 1899, Secretary of State John Hay announced the Open Door Policy with China demanding that Chinese authorities allow immigration to the United States. T or F?

False

Populists refused to support the creation of labor unions and opposed government interference in the economy. F or T?

False

The Platt Amendment in the Cuban constitution was a guarantee from the U.S. government that it would not interfere in Cuban domestic affairs. T or F?

False

The explosion that destroyed the U.S.S. Maine in Havana Harbor on February 15, 1898, was proven without a doubt to have been the work of Spanish saboteurs. T or F?

False

What does Washington believe are the main routes to black advancement?

embrace the work that is available in order to prosper collaborate with white neighbors in order to support mutual progress

The Immigration Restriction League, while having a large membership, failed to have any impact on legislation in Congress limiting the influx of immigrants to the United States. T or F?

false

Identify the key regional differences between farmers in the South and the West.

farmers in the West Correct label: mortgaged land to purchase equipment, seed, and fertilizer farmers in the South Correct label: mainly tenant farming Correct label: Interruptions to cotton exportation led many farmers to go into debt and threatened them with the loss of their land.

Between 1890 and 1906, every southern state attempted to enact laws and constitutional provisions meant to eliminate the black vote. Identify the methods and laws implemented to disenfranchise African-Americans and, to a lesser extent, poor whites.

poll tax literacy requirements grandfather clause

Match the following individuals to their ideas or works.

published The Influence of Sea Power Upon History (1890), in which he argued that no nation could prosper without a large fleet of ships engaged in international trade Correct label: Alfred T. Mahan inspired many of the religious missionaries who ventured abroad in the late nineteenth century to spread Christianity to prepare the world for the second coming of Christ, and uplift the poor Correct label: Dwight Moody secretary of state to President Benjamin Harrison who urged the president to acquire key territories for naval bases Correct label: James G. Blaine

The Populist platform of 1892, adopted at the party's Omaha convention, remains a classic document of American reform. Identify the statements that describe the Populist platform of 1892.

put forward a list of proposals that would restore democracy and economic opportunity called for public ownership of the railroads to ensure farmers would have inexpensive transportation to ship their crops to markets

Identify the economic conditions in the South by matching the locations and regions to their descriptions.

the South -the "number one" economic problem in the country, as the per capita income was below the national average Birmingham, Alabama -important mining and steel center the New South -a promise of a new economic era of prosperity in the region that was heavily promoted, but never became a reality

The 1890s witnessed a major shift in the sources of immigration to the United States. Define the key terms pertaining to the "new immigrants."

the region(s) from which most traditional immigrants came Correct label: Ireland, England, Germany, and Scandinavia descriptive term used by native-born Americans to describe new immigrants Correct label: "races" the region(s) from which most 'new immigrants' came Correct label: eastern Europe

The emergence of the United States as an imperial power sparked intense debate, and the empire became a hot political topic. How did the following organizations and individuals oppose the American empire?

a collection of social reformers who believed American energies and resources should be focused on the home country Correct label: Anti-Imperialist League ran for president with a platform focused on opposing the Philippine War and American military action overseas Correct label: William Jennings Bryan a number of Supreme Court cases that determined that the U.S. Constitution did not fully apply to the newly acquired territory gained in the Spanish-American War Correct label: Insular Cases

In 1894, the Populist vote increased in rural areas but failed to increase substantially among the urban workers. T or F?

True

The Farmers' Alliance was the largest citizen's movement of the nineteenth century. In the beginning, it sought only to improve rural conditions, but it gradually became more politically involved, asking the federal government to store unsold crops and use them as collateral for loans to the farmers. T or F?

True

The Women's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU), which grew to become the era's largest female organization by 1890, demanded the prohibition of alcoholic beverages because they worried they threatened the stability of men and ultimately their homes. T or F?

True

Identify the statements that describe Booker T. Washington and his ideas.

Washington urged blacks to adjust to segregation and abandon agitation for civil and political rights. Washington emphasized the importance of vocational education that would lead to a job over a broad education.

The depression that began in 1893 heightened American nationalism and a call for a more aggressive foreign policy. Which of the following were outcomes of this hyper-patriotism?

The Pledge of Allegiance and the practice of standing for the playing of the "Star Spangled Banner" began during this period. New mass-circulation newspapers were distributed that promoted nationalistic sentiments.

Identify the statements that describe the Philippine War.

The U.S. colonial administration immediately invested in railroads and harbors, brought in American school teachers and public health officials, and sought to modernize agriculture. While Filipinos originally welcomed the American intervention as a way of breaking Spain's long hold, public opinion quickly changed as Americans sought continued control over the country.

Identify the statements that describe the United States on the international stage prior to 1890.

The United States was only a second-rate world power. The United States was focused on internal growth rather than international expansion.

How does the artist of the drawing use symbolism to express the Populist Party's views on woman suffrage?

The artist depicts a woman and man ringing the Liberty Bell together, suggesting that both men and women should work together to ensure women win the right to vote. The artist evokes the concept of liberty to suggest that both men and women should have equal rights, including voting.

What does it reveal about Populist strength in the election of 1892?

There was more Populist support in the West than in the East. Rural regions of the country represented a larger portion of the Populist vote.

How did the Populists try to appeal to industrial workers?

They protected striking miners.

In the 1890s, the Farmers' Alliance evolved into the People's Party (or Populists), the era's greatest political insurgency. Identify the statements that describe the Populists.

They spread their message through pamphlets, newspapers, and speakers. They wanted government to move beyond partisan conflicts to promote the public good.

Identify the statements that describe the Redeemers and the impact of their rise to power.

They were a group of merchants, planters, and entrepreneurs who dominated regional politics and sought to undo Reconstruction efforts They passed new laws authorizing the arrest of virtually any person without a job and greatly increased the penalties for petty crimes. They reduced budgets for schools and hospitals, as well as reduced taxes for people who owned property.