Insulin Practice Test
A nurse is caring for a client who has been receiving gastrostomy tube feedings and insulin. The client is scheduled to receive a tube feeding at 0700. At what time should the nurse plan to administer insulin lispro subcutaneously?
0645 Lispro is a rapid-acting insulin with an onset of 15 minutes
A nurse is administering insulin glulisine 10 units subcutaneously at 0730 to an adolescent client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should anticipate the insulin's onset of action at which of the following times?
0745 Glulisine has a rapid onset of 15 minutes
Intermediate acting insulin: Onset? How many times per day is it taken? Types?
1-2 hours BID or TID NPH & Lente
How many units of insulin per mL for the following: 1. U-100 2. U-500
1. 100 units/mL 2. 500 units/mL
Long acting insulin: Duration? How many times per day is it taken? Types?
18-24 hours once Glargine, Detemir, Degludec
A nurse is preparing to administer an insulin injection. Which of the following needles should the nurse select?
30 gauge, 5/8-inch needle *The nurse should use a 25 or 30 gauge, 5/8-inch needle when administering a subcutaneous injection at a 45° angle, and a 25 or 30 gauge, 3/8-inch needle when administering a subcutaneous injection at a 90° angle. The nurse should base this decision on the size of the client and the amount of adipose tissue at the site.
At what angle should insulin be injected into pinched skin?
45 degrees
What is the normal level for blood glucose?
70-110 mg/dL
What is premixed insulin?
A combination of 1 long acting insulin and 1 short acting insulin (75/25, 75/30, 50/50)
A home health nurse enters a client's home and finds a used insulin syringe, without a cap, on the table. Where should a needle be properly disposed of?
A puncture-proof disposal container
Which herbal supplements should not be taken with insulin?
Chromium, gymnema, ginkgo biloba, ginseng, and garlic tablets or capsules
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about self-administration of NPH insulin with a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. The client should be informed that NPH will appear ___________?
Cloudy
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with an adolescent who was recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following insulin injection sites should the nurse recommend that the client use during basketball competitions?
Hip Rational - Vigorous exercise can enhance the absorption of injected insulin from an involved extremity. When participating in vigorous exercise that involves both the arms and legs, the client should use a hip as the insulin injection site.
A nurse is conducting a home visit with an older adult client who has diabetes mellitus and takes regular insulin subcutaneously before each meal. The client appears disoriented and weak and has slurred speech. Which of the following conditions should the nurse consider first when responding to these manifestations?
Hypoglycemia
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is breastfeeding and has pre gestational diabetes controlled with insulin. The nurse should be aware that breastfeeding puts the client at risk for what condition?
Hypoglycemia
Client's should be made aware that exercise can __________________ the absorption of insulin and cause blood glucose levels to _____________.
Increase Drop
The three types of rapid-acting insulin are:
Lispro Aspart Glulisine
A nurse is assisting with a plan for community health screening for a group of clients who are at risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following client groups should the nurse include in the screening?
Men and women who are obese
A nurse is preparing to administer 6 units of regular insulin and 20 units of PH insulin to a client. Which vial will the nurse inject air into first?
NPH
A nurse is preparing to administer 10 units of insulin glargine and 4 units of NPH insulin subcutaneously to a client. Can these two insulins be administered in the same syringe?
No. Insulin glargine can not be mixed with another insulin and must be given separately.
What is the peak of Neutral Protamine Hagedorn (NPH) Insulin?
Peaks in 6-14 hours (onset 1-2 hours. Duration 16-24 hours)
Which type of insulin has the shortest duration?
Rapid-Acting
Symptoms of hypoglycemia include:
Shakiness, sweating, dizziness, confusion, headache, tachycardia, blurred vision, slurred speech, nausea, hunger
A nurse is caring for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus who has a prescription to administer regular insulin subcutaneously. Which of the following insulin durations should the nurse identify for regular insulin?
Short duration, slow acting
A nurse is teaching a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about a new subcutaneous insulin infusion pump. Which type of insulin should be used in the pump?
Short-duration insulin
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus about storing unopened vials of insulin. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Store in the refrigerator Vials are good up to 40 days after opening Pens are good up to 28 days
______________________ is a swing of a high blood glucose level in the morning after an extremely low blood glucose level during the night.
The Somogyi effect
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about selecting injection sites for insulin. Which of the following sites should the nurse recommend as best for injection?
The abdomen below the costal margins to the iliac crests.
Symptoms of hyperglycemia include
dry mouth, intense thirst, muscle weakness, increased urination, and blurred vision