Interior Design 2 State Skills Test

Shape

2-D

Form

3-D

Shield Chair Back

A chair back having a form resembling that of a somewhat heart-shaped medieval shield.

Splat Chair Back

A chair back having a vertical wood panel in the center. Can resemble a vase of a fiddle.

Ladder Chair Back

A chair back with a number of horizontal slats like a ladder.

Arch

A curved symmetrical structure spanning an opening and supports a load.

Pediment

A decorative design detail adapted from architecture and applied to furniture.

Pediments

A decorative design detail often used for furniture and architectural embellishment.

Ionic Column Capital

A decorative style with a pair of scroll-shapes on two of the four faces of the column.

Dentil Trim

A decorative trim of projecting rectangular blocks.

Finial

A finishing ornament for a pediment, post, or spire.

Pilaster

A flat, false, decorative column.

Cabriole Leg

A furniture leg that curves out at the middle and then tapers inward just above an ornamental foot

Wing Chair

A high-backed armchair with side pieces projecting from the back, originally in order to protect the sitter from drafts.

Picture Window

A large window consisting of one pane of glass.

Tapered Leg

A leg that becomes smaller and thinner towards the bottom.

Vertical Line

A line that goes up and down. Creates a feeling of height, strength, formality.

Portico

A porch formed by a triangle pediment roof with supporting columns.

Prairie House Style

A product of the vision of Frank Lloyd Wright. Exterior: horizontal lines, glass, wood, metal, rock, large central chimneys. Windows: leaded glass, picture. Roof: low-pitched roofs with overhanging eaves.

Flat Roof

A roof that is horizontal or nearly horizontal.

Hip Roof

A roof with sloping ends and sloping sides.

Gable Roof

A roof with two sloping sides and a gable at each end.

Arcade

A row of arches and supporting columns.

Casement Window

A side-hinged window that swings in or out.

Bracket Feet

A simple corner foot that can have an S-shaped curve or an I-shaped curve.

Doric Column Capital

A simple decorative style that is plain and saucer-shaped.

Turrets

A small tower that projects above the wall of a building.

Bay Window

A window built to project outward from an outside square or rectangular configuration.

Dormer Window

A window that projects from the attic.

Harmony

Achieved when unity and variety are effectively combined.

Shade

Adding black to a color.

Tone

Adding gray or its complement.

Tint

Adding white to a color.

Art Deco House Style

Appeared 1925-1940. Exterior: streamlined look, rounded corners, dark trim, geometric shapes, white stucco, decorative embellishments. Windows: picture, casement.

Primary Colors

Cannot be made by mixing other pigments. Red, Yellow, and Blue.

Cape Cod House Style

Colonial style. Exterior: symmetrical, 1-1 1/2 stories, clapboard siding, central door and chimney. Windows: double hung windows with shutters. Roof: gable.

Rhythm

Continuous movement, the path the eye follows.

Unity

Created by repetition or similarity of objects, style, or theme.

Radial Balance

Created from a central point.

Turning

Decorative spindles formed by turning a piece of wood on a lathe and cutting designs into the wood with a sharp knife as the piece spins.

Leaded Glass Window

Decorative window that includes stained glass.

Golden Mean

Determines the effectiveness of a ratio. The division of a line or space between one-half and one- third.

Curved Line

Deviates from straightness in a smooth, continuous fashion. Creates feeling of softness, playfulness, serenity.

Negative Space

Empty space.

Midcentury Modern House Style

Exposed beams, open floorplan, lack of ornamentation. Exterior: wood siding, brick, geometric shapes, clean lines. Windows: picture windows follow roof line. Roof: low pitch gable.

Half-Timbering

Exposed wood framing, with the spaces filled with masonry or lath and plaster.

Contemporary House Style

Exterior: clean simple lines, neutral colors, a lot of glass, stucco or metal. Window: large picture. Roof: flat.

Positive Space

Filled space.

Emphasis

Focal point. Dominant item(s) in the room that draw your attention.

Symmetrical Balance

Formal balance. Mirror-image of parts on each side of a center point

Ball and Claw Feet

Furniture foot fashioned to represent a bird's claw gripping a ball; often carved entirely of wood.

Georgian House Style

Imported from England. Exterior: symmetrical, 2 1/2 stories, dentil trim, two chimneys, quoins, pilasters around paneled door, pediments, brick or stone. Windows: double hung windows with 9-10 panes, dormer. Roof: hip.

Asymmetrical Balance

Informal balance. Different objects on either side of a central point.

Gingerbread

Lacy, architectural detail, typical of Victorian architecture.

Turned Leg

Legs that have been shaped using various tools while a block of wood is spun on a lathe.

Splayed Leg

Legs that spread at an angle from the center of the piece.

Tertiary Colors

Made by mixing an equal amount of a primary and secondary color. Red-Violet, Red-Orange, Yellow-Orange, Yellow-Green, Blue-Green, Blue-Violet.

Secondary Colors

Made by mixing equal amounts of two primary colors. Orange, Green, and Violet.

Light

Makes things visible through illumination by nature or electrical devices.

Line

Moves the eye from one point to another. Connects two points.

Proportion

Parts of an object in comparison to the whole object.

Color

Pigment in paint or the visible spectrum of light that enables us to see hues.

Victorian Queen Anne House Style

Popular from 1880-1900. Exterior: tower/turret, wraparound porch, gingerbread trim, fish scale shingles, asymmetrical clapboard siding, finial. Windows: bay, dormer, picture, double hung. Roof: gable.

Greek Revival House Style

Popular just before the Civil War. Exterior: Two story columns, large pediment towards street, dentil trim, clapboard siding, structural columns, portico. Window: double hung. Roof: gable.

Quoins

Projecting or contrasting brick or stone laid at the corner angle of a building.

Tudor House Style

Revival of Old English Style. Exterior: half-timbering, brick, rock. Windows: casement, dormer. Roof: gable.

Spanish House Style

Roots from California and Florida. Exterior: arcade, stucco, black wrought iron, courtyards, tile. Windows: arch. Roof: hip, bartile.

Pad Feet

Rounded flat pads or disks at the end of furniture legs.

Bun Feet

Rounded or balled feet.

Reeding

Rows of parallel convex beads used to embellish a leg.

Horizontal Line

Runs from left to right. Creates a feeling of restful, informal, comfortable.

Double-Hung Window

Sash window where both sections are operable.

Arch Window

Square bottom window with curved/half circle on top.

Craftsman/Bungalow House Style

Stared in California. Exterior: deep front porch with extended eaves, exposed rafters, wide angled columns, clapboard siding or shingled. Windows: double hung, dormer. Roof: low-pitched gable or hip.

Diagonal Line

Straight line that is neither horizontal nor vertical. Creates feelings of action, movement and excitement.

Space

The area with which the designer has to work with.

Intensity

The brightness or dullness of a color.

Value

The lightness or darkness of a color.

Hue

The name of a color on the color wheel.

Balance

The placement of objects so that it creates visual equilibrium.

Pattern

The repetition of color, lines, shapes, or designs across a surface to create visual interest.

Scale

The size of design in relation to other items or the surrounding area in which it is placed.

Texture

The surface quality of an object. Can be seen (visual) or felt (tactile).

Transition

Type of rhythm. A subtle, visual flow often indicated by a curved line that leads the eye from one point or area to another.

Opposition

Type of rhythm. Abrupt change in any of the elements.

Radiation

Type of rhythm. Objects radiate out in nearly every direction from a central point.

Repetition

Type of rhythm. Shapes, forms, lines, or colors that are repeated in a design.

Gradation

Type of rhythm. Sizes of shapes go from large to small or color values go from light to dark.

Split Complement

Use s a hue and the two colors directly next to its complement.

Direct Complement

Uses 2 colors that are directly across from each other on the color wheel.

Triad

Uses 3 colors equidistant on the color wheel.

Analogous

Uses 3-5 colors next to each other on the color wheel.

Double Complement

Uses 4 colors arranged into two complementary color pairs.

Accented Neutral

Uses a neutral with only one accent color.

Achromatic

Uses black, white, and/or gray.

Neutral

Uses browns or metallics such as gold, silver, and bronze.

Monochromatic

Uses the tints, tones, and shades of one color.

Corinthian Column Capital

Very ornate decorative style, characterized by spirals, scroll-shaped ornaments and acanthus leaves.

Variety

What is done outside of the theme or style to provide relief from sameness.