Interior Design 2 State Skills Test
Shape
2-D
Form
3-D
Shield Chair Back
A chair back having a form resembling that of a somewhat heart-shaped medieval shield.
Splat Chair Back
A chair back having a vertical wood panel in the center. Can resemble a vase of a fiddle.
Ladder Chair Back
A chair back with a number of horizontal slats like a ladder.
Arch
A curved symmetrical structure spanning an opening and supports a load.
Pediment
A decorative design detail adapted from architecture and applied to furniture.
Pediments
A decorative design detail often used for furniture and architectural embellishment.
Ionic Column Capital
A decorative style with a pair of scroll-shapes on two of the four faces of the column.
Dentil Trim
A decorative trim of projecting rectangular blocks.
Finial
A finishing ornament for a pediment, post, or spire.
Pilaster
A flat, false, decorative column.
Cabriole Leg
A furniture leg that curves out at the middle and then tapers inward just above an ornamental foot
Wing Chair
A high-backed armchair with side pieces projecting from the back, originally in order to protect the sitter from drafts.
Picture Window
A large window consisting of one pane of glass.
Tapered Leg
A leg that becomes smaller and thinner towards the bottom.
Vertical Line
A line that goes up and down. Creates a feeling of height, strength, formality.
Portico
A porch formed by a triangle pediment roof with supporting columns.
Prairie House Style
A product of the vision of Frank Lloyd Wright. Exterior: horizontal lines, glass, wood, metal, rock, large central chimneys. Windows: leaded glass, picture. Roof: low-pitched roofs with overhanging eaves.
Flat Roof
A roof that is horizontal or nearly horizontal.
Hip Roof
A roof with sloping ends and sloping sides.
Gable Roof
A roof with two sloping sides and a gable at each end.
Arcade
A row of arches and supporting columns.
Casement Window
A side-hinged window that swings in or out.
Bracket Feet
A simple corner foot that can have an S-shaped curve or an I-shaped curve.
Doric Column Capital
A simple decorative style that is plain and saucer-shaped.
Turrets
A small tower that projects above the wall of a building.
Bay Window
A window built to project outward from an outside square or rectangular configuration.
Dormer Window
A window that projects from the attic.
Harmony
Achieved when unity and variety are effectively combined.
Shade
Adding black to a color.
Tone
Adding gray or its complement.
Tint
Adding white to a color.
Art Deco House Style
Appeared 1925-1940. Exterior: streamlined look, rounded corners, dark trim, geometric shapes, white stucco, decorative embellishments. Windows: picture, casement.
Primary Colors
Cannot be made by mixing other pigments. Red, Yellow, and Blue.
Cape Cod House Style
Colonial style. Exterior: symmetrical, 1-1 1/2 stories, clapboard siding, central door and chimney. Windows: double hung windows with shutters. Roof: gable.
Rhythm
Continuous movement, the path the eye follows.
Unity
Created by repetition or similarity of objects, style, or theme.
Radial Balance
Created from a central point.
Turning
Decorative spindles formed by turning a piece of wood on a lathe and cutting designs into the wood with a sharp knife as the piece spins.
Leaded Glass Window
Decorative window that includes stained glass.
Golden Mean
Determines the effectiveness of a ratio. The division of a line or space between one-half and one- third.
Curved Line
Deviates from straightness in a smooth, continuous fashion. Creates feeling of softness, playfulness, serenity.
Negative Space
Empty space.
Midcentury Modern House Style
Exposed beams, open floorplan, lack of ornamentation. Exterior: wood siding, brick, geometric shapes, clean lines. Windows: picture windows follow roof line. Roof: low pitch gable.
Half-Timbering
Exposed wood framing, with the spaces filled with masonry or lath and plaster.
Contemporary House Style
Exterior: clean simple lines, neutral colors, a lot of glass, stucco or metal. Window: large picture. Roof: flat.
Positive Space
Filled space.
Emphasis
Focal point. Dominant item(s) in the room that draw your attention.
Symmetrical Balance
Formal balance. Mirror-image of parts on each side of a center point
Ball and Claw Feet
Furniture foot fashioned to represent a bird's claw gripping a ball; often carved entirely of wood.
Georgian House Style
Imported from England. Exterior: symmetrical, 2 1/2 stories, dentil trim, two chimneys, quoins, pilasters around paneled door, pediments, brick or stone. Windows: double hung windows with 9-10 panes, dormer. Roof: hip.
Asymmetrical Balance
Informal balance. Different objects on either side of a central point.
Gingerbread
Lacy, architectural detail, typical of Victorian architecture.
Turned Leg
Legs that have been shaped using various tools while a block of wood is spun on a lathe.
Splayed Leg
Legs that spread at an angle from the center of the piece.
Tertiary Colors
Made by mixing an equal amount of a primary and secondary color. Red-Violet, Red-Orange, Yellow-Orange, Yellow-Green, Blue-Green, Blue-Violet.
Secondary Colors
Made by mixing equal amounts of two primary colors. Orange, Green, and Violet.
Light
Makes things visible through illumination by nature or electrical devices.
Line
Moves the eye from one point to another. Connects two points.
Proportion
Parts of an object in comparison to the whole object.
Color
Pigment in paint or the visible spectrum of light that enables us to see hues.
Victorian Queen Anne House Style
Popular from 1880-1900. Exterior: tower/turret, wraparound porch, gingerbread trim, fish scale shingles, asymmetrical clapboard siding, finial. Windows: bay, dormer, picture, double hung. Roof: gable.
Greek Revival House Style
Popular just before the Civil War. Exterior: Two story columns, large pediment towards street, dentil trim, clapboard siding, structural columns, portico. Window: double hung. Roof: gable.
Quoins
Projecting or contrasting brick or stone laid at the corner angle of a building.
Tudor House Style
Revival of Old English Style. Exterior: half-timbering, brick, rock. Windows: casement, dormer. Roof: gable.
Spanish House Style
Roots from California and Florida. Exterior: arcade, stucco, black wrought iron, courtyards, tile. Windows: arch. Roof: hip, bartile.
Pad Feet
Rounded flat pads or disks at the end of furniture legs.
Bun Feet
Rounded or balled feet.
Reeding
Rows of parallel convex beads used to embellish a leg.
Horizontal Line
Runs from left to right. Creates a feeling of restful, informal, comfortable.
Double-Hung Window
Sash window where both sections are operable.
Arch Window
Square bottom window with curved/half circle on top.
Craftsman/Bungalow House Style
Stared in California. Exterior: deep front porch with extended eaves, exposed rafters, wide angled columns, clapboard siding or shingled. Windows: double hung, dormer. Roof: low-pitched gable or hip.
Diagonal Line
Straight line that is neither horizontal nor vertical. Creates feelings of action, movement and excitement.
Space
The area with which the designer has to work with.
Intensity
The brightness or dullness of a color.
Value
The lightness or darkness of a color.
Hue
The name of a color on the color wheel.
Balance
The placement of objects so that it creates visual equilibrium.
Pattern
The repetition of color, lines, shapes, or designs across a surface to create visual interest.
Scale
The size of design in relation to other items or the surrounding area in which it is placed.
Texture
The surface quality of an object. Can be seen (visual) or felt (tactile).
Transition
Type of rhythm. A subtle, visual flow often indicated by a curved line that leads the eye from one point or area to another.
Opposition
Type of rhythm. Abrupt change in any of the elements.
Radiation
Type of rhythm. Objects radiate out in nearly every direction from a central point.
Repetition
Type of rhythm. Shapes, forms, lines, or colors that are repeated in a design.
Gradation
Type of rhythm. Sizes of shapes go from large to small or color values go from light to dark.
Split Complement
Use s a hue and the two colors directly next to its complement.
Direct Complement
Uses 2 colors that are directly across from each other on the color wheel.
Triad
Uses 3 colors equidistant on the color wheel.
Analogous
Uses 3-5 colors next to each other on the color wheel.
Double Complement
Uses 4 colors arranged into two complementary color pairs.
Accented Neutral
Uses a neutral with only one accent color.
Achromatic
Uses black, white, and/or gray.
Neutral
Uses browns or metallics such as gold, silver, and bronze.
Monochromatic
Uses the tints, tones, and shades of one color.
Corinthian Column Capital
Very ornate decorative style, characterized by spirals, scroll-shaped ornaments and acanthus leaves.
Variety
What is done outside of the theme or style to provide relief from sameness.
