Intro to Criminal Justice 2381 Ch.7/8 Test

Based on the decision in McNabb v. U.S., the standard maximum time by which a first appearance should be held has been set at ________ hours after arrest.

48

There are ________ federal judicial districts.

94

Which of the following provides the first appellate level for courts of limited jurisdiction?

Courts of general jurisdiction

TV shows like The People's Court and Judge Judy are examples of which type of court?

Courts of limited jurisdiction

What is the earliest stage of the court process at which defendant may be given formal notice of the charges against them?

First appearance

Which U.S. Supreme Court case established the Court's authority as the final interpreter of the U.S. Constitution?

Marbury v. Madison

What type of plea is most similar to a guilty plea?

Nolo contendere

________ appeals to federal appellate courts involve major questions of law and policy where there is considerable professional disagreement among the courts.

Nonconsensual

Which of the following refers to the lawful authority of a court to hear or to act on a case from its beginning and to pass judgment on the law and the facts?

Original jurisdiction

Bob consigned all of his stock holdings to the court as collateral to ensure he would not abscond before trial. What type of bail did Bob post?

Property bond

Which of the following cases is an example where the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the use of antipsychotic drugs on a nonviolent offender who does not represent a danger while institutionalized must be in the defendant's best medical interest?

Sell v. U.S.

What is the primary purpose of the preliminary hearing?

To give defendants the opportunity to challenge the legal basis for their detention

Which of the following is a purpose of bail?

To prevent unconvicted suspects from suffering imprisonment unnecessarily

When is a probable cause hearing necessary?

When the arrest was made without a warrant

A trial de novo occurs when ________.

a case is retried on appeal

Courts that have the authority to review a decision made by a lower court are said to have ________ jurisdiction.

appellate

Defendants who are given the option of deposit bail ________.

are required to comply with various conditions imposed by the court

A document guaranteeing the appearance of a defendant in court as required and recording the pledge of money or property to be paid to the court if he or she does NOT appear is known as a(n) ________.

bail bond

All states have a(n) ________.

court of last resort

A(n) ________ laws limits the right to bail for certain kinds of offenders?

danger

While Bob was studying in the library, his wallet was stolen. When the thief was caught, Bob opted to resolve the case informally at a ________ staffed by volunteer mediators.

dispute-resolution center

An indictment is filed by the ________.

grand jury

A formal written accusation submitted to the court by a grand jury, alleging that a specified person has committed a specified offense, usually a felony, is known as an ________.

indictment

Release on recognizance ________.

permits release on the basis of a written promise to appear.

A drug court is an example of a(n) ________.

problem solving court

The power of judicial review allows the U.S. Supreme Court to ________.

review lower-court decisions and state and federal statutes

U.S. district courts are the ________ for the federal court system.

trial courts