Intro to Info Systems (Homework #4)

The two digits used in the binary system are __________.

0 and 1

A byte represents ________.

1 character

How many bytes make up a kilobyte?

1,024

A byte is made up of ________ bits.

8

The CPU is made up of two parts: the control unit and the __________.

ALU (arithmetic/logical unit.)

________ is the binary code most widely used on microcomputers.

ASCII

The type of optical disk designed to enable recording, rewriting, and playback of high-definition (HD) video, as well as storing large amounts of data, is __________.

Blu-ray

Which of the following disks can be rewritten many times?

CD-RW

Which port, along with a special card and cables, supports the connection of microcomputers, modems, and printers in a local area network (LAN)?

Ethernet

A gigabyte is about 1 million bytes.

False

A group of 3 bits is called a byte.

False

A multicore processor is necessary for a computer to manipulate 3-D graphics.

False

A surge protector provides 5-30 minutes of power backup to a computer when the power goes out.

False

An opening in a computer tower used for the installation of equipment such as a hard drive is called a port.

False

Buses are high-speed storage areas that temporarily store data during processing.

False

Cache is upgradable.

False

Computer users must load instructions onto ROM the first time they use a new computer.

False

EBCDIC is the binary coding scheme developed for microcomputers.

False

If a chip can be erased and reprogrammed more than once, it is a ROM memory chip.

False

Machine language is easy for people to understand.

False

Microcomputers' secondary storage capacity is measured mostly in megabytes.

False

Mobile devices such as smartphones use the same processing chips as microcomputers.

False

Multicore processors are used in microcomputers with more than one motherboard.

False

One kilobyte (1 KB) equals about 10 pages of text.

False

RAM is read-only memory.

False

The CPU consists of three parts: the control unit, the ALU unit, and RAM.

False

The CPU follows the instructions of the motherboard's hardware in order to manipulate data into information.

False

The binary code widely used with microcomputers is EBCDIC.

False

The surge protector consists of groups of interconnected chips on the motherboard that control the flow of information between the microprocessor and other system components connected to the motherboard.

False

The system clock enables the computer to "know" what time it is.

False

A tiny electrically operated switch that can turn on and off many millions of times per second is a microchip.

False (Transistor)

Cache memory uses some free hard-disk space to extend the capacity of RAM.

False (virtual memory)

Which of these connections are used for camcorders, DVD players, and gaming consoles?

FireWire

__________ devices are small, nonvolatile secondary storage media with no moving parts. They are portable and often used with digital cameras, handheld computers, laptops, and the like.

Flash memory

Which of these connections are used for high-definition audio and video?

HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface)

Which of these is a processor commonly used in personal computers?

Intel

Which of these is a hard-disk technology for large computer systems?

RAID

Which of the following is NOT a form of nonvolatile memory?

RAM

Which of the following is NOT a secondary storage device?

RAM (Primary)

Which of the following memory chips are used to store fixed (permanent) start-up instructions?

ROM

________ are tiny electronic devices that act as on/off switches that process the on/off (1/0) bits used to represent data.

Transistors

"Bit" is short for binary digit.

True

0010 0001 could be an example of the ASCII coding of a letter in the alphabet.

True

A "spike" in AC voltage can burn out the low-voltage DC circuitry in a computer.

True

A circuit is a closed path followed or capable of being followed by an electric current.

True

A computer processor handles bits in chunks called word size—for example, a 32-bit word size transfers data within each microprocessor chip in 32-bit, or 4-byte, chunks. A computer that uses 64-bit word size is faster than a 32-bit computer.

True

A microprocessor contains the miniaturized circuitry of a computer processor.

True

A semiconductor is a material whose electrical properties are intermediate between a good conductor of electricity and a nonconductor of electricity.

True

ASCII code can handle 256 characters.

True

All data and instructions that go into a computer, are processed by it, and come out of it are represented as binary numbers signaling only two states: on and off.

True

Buses transmit bits within the CPU and between the CPU and other components of the motherboard. The number of bits that the bus can handle at one time is the computer's word size.

True

Common expansion cards are graphics card, sound card, and network card.

True

Every microprocessor has transistors, tiny electronic devices that act as on/off switches.

True

Expansions bus lines connect the CPU with expansion slots and peripheral devices.

True

For a computer to communicate wirelessly, it needs a wireless network card attached to the motherboard via an extension slot.

True

In a computer, logical operations = comparisons.

True

Integrate circuits use solid-state technology, whereby electrons travel through solid material called silicon.

True

Integrated circuits are electronic circuits formed on a single chip.

True

Machine language is made up of 1s and 0s and is specific to each brand of computer.

True

Mainframe computers use the binary code EBCDIC.

True

Microcomputer chips designed to let the operating system divide the work of processing over more than one chip are called multicore processors.

True

Most microcomputers use processors made by Intel or Advanced Micro Devices.

True

Most modern microcomputers need more than 2 gigabytes of RAM to run efficiently.

True

Processing chips run faster than RAM chips do, so to help maintain efficiency, faster memory areas are built into the processor chips to speed up processing by bridging the gap between RAM and the CPU.

True

RAM is primary storage and is volatile.

True

RAM temporarily holds data and instructions about to be processed; if the computer's power goes off, everything in RAM is lost.

True

Regarding a ROM chip, "read-only" means that the CPU can retrieve programs (such as BIOS) from the ROM chip but cannot modify or add to those programs.

True

Silicon is found in clay and sand and is a semiconductor.

True

The computer determines what information in RAM is being used frequently and copies that information into cache, a special memory area built into the CPU that can be accessed quickly and thus speeds up processing.

True

The computer's power supply converts AC to DC for the computer to operate.

True

The motherboard can also be called the system board.

True

The motherboard is the computer's main printed circuit board, containing nonremovable components and expansion slots for removable ones.

True

The number of registers in the ALU and the size of each help determine the power and speed of a CPU.

True

The part of the CPU that carries out arithmetic and logical operations is called the ALU.

True

The part of the CPU that interprets instructions and executes them is the control unit.

True

The system unit houses the motherboard, the power supply, and the storage devices.

True

Unicode uses 2 bytes for each character, rather than 1 byte; ASCII uses 1 byte.

True

Virtual memory also speeds up a computer's operations by extending RAM onto some free hard-disk space.

True

Which one of these is the most commonly used hardware interface for attaching peripherals to a microcomputer?

USB

A shelf or opening in a computer used for the installation of electronic equipment is called a __________.

bay

Which of the following is NOT a part of the CPU?

bay

Electrical data roadways through which bits are transmitted within the CPU and other components of the motherboard are called _________.

buses

The tiny piece of silicon that houses millions of microminiature electronic circuits is called a __________.

chip

1 billion bytes = a __________.

gigabyte

One billion cycles (ticks) of the system clock per second equal 1 __________.

gigahertz

Every brand of computer has its own binary language, called __________.

machine language

One ________ equals about 768 pages of text.

megabyte

One million cycles (ticks) of the system clock per second equal 1 __________.

megahertz

A smart card looks like a credit card, but it has a(n) _________ built into it.

microprocessor

In __________, atoms and molecules are used to create tiny machines for holding data or performing tasks.

nanotechnology

Cloud storage is ________ storage.

online

The device that converts AC to DC to run the computer is called __________.

power supply

High-speed storage areas that temporarily store data during processing are called __________.

registers

Which port is used to transmit slow data over long distances?

serial

An integrated circuit embodies what is called ________ technology.

solid state

Flash memory is a(n) ________ technology.

solid-state

A(n) __________ protects a computer from being damaged by power spikes.

surge protector

The motherboard is also called the ________ board.

system

A _________ is a wireless, portable personal computer with a touch-screen interface.

tablet

Data on hard disks is recorded in concentric bands called ________.

tracks