intro to micro
Microorganisms are useful in the study of higher life forms for which of the following reasons?
-Microorganisms are cheaper to study. -Microorganisms multiply quickly. -Microorganisms have the same basic metabolic mechanisms. -Microorganisms have the same fundamental genetic properties.
example of eukaryotes
Fungi Helminths Protozoa Algae
Which defines spontaneous generation? Multiple choice question.
Life arose from non-living matter
_______ is credited with disproving spontaneous generation using broth in swan-neck flasks
Louis Pasteur
Why do microorganisms serve as important models for study of higher organisms?
Microorganisms have the same fundamental metabolic and genetic properties as other organisms
The concept of living things arising from vital forces in non-living or decomposing materials was known as which of the following?
Spontaneous generation
Why were Louis Pasteur's experiments with swan-necked flasks so important in helping disprove the theory of spontaneous generation?
They ended arguments that a "vital force" was necessary for spontaneous generation, while preventing contamination from microbes in the air.
manufactured by microbial fermentation
beer, cheese, yogurt
Atoms achieve a more stable state via the formation of chemical ______.
bonds
Cell walls of plants, fungi, and bacteria are made primarily of ______.
carbohydrates
Peptidoglycan is found in the ______.
cell walls of bacteria
the study of matter is
chemistry
Technically speaking, viruses are not microorganisms because they are not ______.
composed of cells
A chemical bond that involves the sharing of pairs of electrons between two atoms is a
covalent bond
Matter is categorized into , which are substances that have unique chemical properties and cannot be broken down by ordinary chemical means.
elements
Tyndall and Cohn's experiments in the 1870s showed the presence of a heat-resistant form of bacteria called
endospore
The work of John Tyndall and Ferdinand Cohn
explained why some spontaneous generation investigators got different results from those of Pasteur
What does the scientific name of an organism include?
genus and species
The principle that microorganisms cause certain diseases is called the
germ theory of disease
A testable explanation for an observation is called
hypothesis
macromolecules that are not very soluble in polar substances like water.
lipids
Organisms that populate the human body and which protect it from disease are termed normal .
microbiota
The Germ Theory of Disease states that ______.
microorganisms cause certain diseases
Compared to the range of types of plants and animals, microbes as a group are
more diverse
what carry genetic information?
nucleic acids
any disease-causing microorganism
pathogen
disease-causing organisms
pathogens
Most bacteria have rigid cell walls that contain a unique compound called .
peptidoglycan
Archaea, like bacteria, are single-celled ____ that divide via the process of ____ ____
prokaryotes binary, fission
Amino acids are joined together to form macromolecules called
proteins
Algae and protozoa are also referred to as
protists
Without microorganisms, substances required for human life such as O2 and organic nitrogen would
run out
What is the only shared feature of all microbes?
small size
Isotopes are elements with ______
the same atomic number but different mass numbers
True or false: Microorganisms produce the materials required to make new cells by converting one set of chemicals to another. True false question.
true
We could not survive without microorganisms, but they can also be harmful.
true
The microbial world includes three main agents that cannot reproduce independently and are thus considered non-living
virus, viroid, prion
acellular infectious agents
viruses, viroids ,prions
aqueous solution
water is the solvent
Which of the following are microscopic fungi?
yeasts and molds
Without microorganisms, we would run out of certain nutrients
true
Unlike the term microorganism, the word microbe also includes ______
viruses
In what ways are archaea similar to bacteria?
-prokaryotic cell structure -energy sources used -shapes and sizes -method of multiplication