Intro to Music Midterm

What is the voicing of Farmer's madrigal Fair Phyllis?

4 voices; SATB ensemble

Which of the following is not descriptive life in a medieval monastery?

A typical day began at 8:00 am.

What was the period that immediately preceded the Ars nova called?

Ars Antiqua?

When did the musical style known as Ars nova first appear?

Beginning of 14th Century; eary 1300s

The Catholic Church's effort in the early sixteenth century to recapture the loyalty of its followers through a return to true Christian piety is known as the

Counter-Reformation.

Which instruments stem from Turkish models?

Cymbals, bells, bass drum

Who of the following are Renaissance artists? Da Vinci; Michelangelo; Picasso; Bingen

Da Vinci, Michelangelo

Music, mathematics, geometry, and astronomy were considered a part of the four topics essential in medieval _______.

Education

What is a cantus firmus and how was it used?

Fixed melody as basis for elaborate ornamentation**

Plain song

Gregorian chant; single-line melody; monophonic

What philosophical change took place during the Renaissance period? How did this philosophy differ that in the Middle Ages?

Humanism i. More self/human fulfillment and self-reliance ii. Stopped relying exclusively on tradition or religion

In the middle ages, the status of women was raised by the universal cult of who?

Mary, mother of Christ

Palestrina's Pope Marcellus Mass is a setting of the

Mass Ordinary

Hildegard's modal melodies have similarities to the melodies and scales used by which sacred traditions?

Middle Eastern

During the Renaissance, which lands did the Europeans explore that were new to them

North and South America

What evidence is available or not available that supports our understanding of the musical culture of ancient civilizations?

Only a few fragments of music from ancient civilizations survive today; we don't/cannot know what sounds echoes through Greek amphitheater or roman coliseum, but known that ancient Mediterranean culture provided the foundation for music of later ages i.Fundamental part of western heritage

What cultural gains were provided by the invention of the printing press?

Printed music books became availabe and affordable; drastic spread of music literacy *Revival of ancient paintings; architecture, painting, sculpture; *Credited to German goldsmith and inventor Johannes Gutenberg

In the Catholic Mass, the parts that change according to the day belong to the

Proper

Define liturgy?

Set order and structure of church services

Claudio Monteverdi famously stated that his music was designed to serve the expressive power of his ___

Texts

What entities provided financial support for medieval and Renaissance musicians?

The church & (aristocratic) courts

The beginning of the Middle Ages is marked by what event?

The fall of the Roman Empire

Religious ____ like the Crusades and medieval explorations allowed for an exchange of musical instruments with ____ cultures.

Wars; Middle Eastern

What employment opportunities were available for a musician in the Middle Ages?

a. Choirmasters, singers, organists, copyists, composers i. Instrument builders or music printers

Which of the following describe plainchant of the Middle Ages and which do not?

a. Doesn't describe plainchant: i. Favored wide melodic leaps b. Does: i.Monophonic ii.Liturgy iii.Latin

Match the style characteristic with the correct phase in madrigal development. early madrigal (c. 1525-50) texture expanded to 5 or 6 voices middle madrigal (1550-1580) written to harmonic and virtuosic extremes final phase madrigal (1580-1620) chiefly composed for amateurs

a. Early Madrigal (c. 1525-50)--Chiefly composed for amateurs b. Middle Madrigal (1550-80)--Texture expanded to 5 or 6 voices c. Final Phase Madrigal (1580-1620)--Written to harmonic and virtuosic extremes

Which of the following were critiques from the cardinals at the Council of Trent? the continued use of Latin texts the restrictions of a cappella singing use of popular music in the Mass embellishment of Gregorian melodies inappropriate attitude of church musicians

a. Embellishment of Gregorian melodies b. Inappropriate attitude of church musicians c. Use of popular music in Mass

Match the parts of the Mass to the Ordinary or Proper category.

a. Ordinary---Kyrie, Gloria, Angus Dei, Credo b. Proper--Introit, offertory, gradual

Which of the following was Hildegard not known for?

architectural plans for churches

What was a popular French secular song genre in the Ars nova?

chanson

Organum

early form of polyphonic music; added second voice to Gregorian melody

Motet

early polyphonic vocal genre--Secular in middle ages; sacred/devotional after

Madrigalisms enhanced the ____ content of the music.

emotional

Melismatic

extra; long groups of notes to a single syllable

What role in music was Pythagoras renowned?

his musical experiments

Homorhythmic

homophony where all lines move together at same rhythm

What is the texture of the last line of Fair Phyllis?

homorhythmic

Melody

line or tune in music

Monophonic

many on one

The pre-tonal scale patterns utilized in Gregorian chant are referred to as

modes

During the Ars nova, which element of music fell out of favor?

monophony

Farmer "paints" the first line of the text, "Fair Phyllis I saw sitting all alone," through the musical use of:

monophony

Rhythm

moves music forward in time

Syllabic

one note sung at each syllable [of text]

Meter

organizes beats/basic units in music

Monophonic sacred music of the early Christian church is called _______.

plain chant

Which Arabic instrument is the forerunner of the modern violin?

rabab

Strophic

same music repeated with every stanza of text

Chant melodies are described as

syllabic, neumatic, or Melismatic, based on how many notes are set to each syllable of the text.

In the Renaissance two important secular genres grew out of the union of poetry and music:

the French chanson and the Italian madrigal.

Which secular medieval musicians entertained at the higher social levels?

troubadours

Polyphonic

two or more simultaneous melodic lines

Which of the following does not characterize the Renaissance madrigal?

use of French poetry

At which point in the text of Fair Phyllis do the voices imitate each other in rapid succession?

"Up and down"

A cappella

"in the chapel"; no music/accompaniment

Who started the Protestant Reformation with his Ninety-Five Theses?

(Monk) Martin Luther

Harmony

*vertical; simultaneous sounding notes to form chords

During the Middle Ages, which religious organization wielded the most power in regions formerly under the rule of the Roman Empire?

-

Who were the preeminent composers of the motet in the early Renaissance (1450-1520)?

Josquin des Prez

What are the parts of that belong to the Mass Ordinary?

Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, and Agnus Dei.

How did English composers diverge from the Italian Madrigal?

Lighter/more humorous, simpler texts; use of refrain syllables

Which instrument was commonly found in particularly prosperous Renaissance homes?

Lute or keyboard instrument

What musical instrument is being played in this picture?

Lute??

Who was the first composer to collect his works in order to preserve his legacy?

Machaut