Intro. to Teaching Chp. 1-8

During Noam's twelve years of teaching, he has coached an award-winning chemistry team, successfully taught advanced placement chemistry, chaperoned numerous overnight camping trips, coached the girls' volleyball team, and worked as a class advisor. In his career, Noam is probably most rewarded by

A. the prestige of being a chemistry teacher. *B. his actual work with adolescents. C. the power he has over the lives of so many. D. his salary and stipends earned as a coach and advisor.

When a student is able to exist productively in a rule-bound system and can read, write, and compute, it is probably the result of his or her

A. vocational training. B. directed study . C. education, defined broadly. *D. schooling.

An essential part of understanding and dealing with the feelings of students is

A. watching students' behavior out of class. B. taking courses in adolescent psychology. C. studying students' records and talking to their previous teachers. *D. knowing and understanding one's own feelings.

For those in generational poverty, driving forces in decision making are

A. work and achievement. *B. survival, entertainment, and relationships. C. work and entertainment. D. achievement and survival.

Why is it important to provide a stable class environment for an abused child?

Abuse and neglect take a huge toll on children physically, emotionally, and psychologically. Some children may have serious learning problems, have trouble concentrating, have high stress, low self-esteem, and experience helplessness. By providing a stable class environment, a teacher can help a abused child's needs of emotional safety, stability, praise, rewards, and constructive ways to their classroom environment. As the book says, "They need capable adult role models who can provide varied but predictable activities and measurable classroom achievement" (Pg. 106).

Why do some educators oppose multicultural education in the schools?

As the textbook infers, some educators oppose multicultural education because: Multicultural education may destroy any sense of common traditions, values,purposes, and obligations, thereby leading to a more fragmented and contentious nation. It may divert schools' attention from their basic purpose of educating for civic,economic, and personal effectiveness. It attacks the problem of minority students' underachievement by emphasizing self-esteem rather than hard work. It substitutes "relevance" of subjects studied for instruction in solid academics. It may undermine a sense of a common morality because some advocates of multiculturalism claim there are no universal moral positions that the public schools can legitimately teach

A student listens to an editorial response on the TV news in which the speaker charges that a city politician is acting like Macbeth. The student immediately knows by the reference to Macbeth that the city politician is trying to usurp power, according to the speaker. The student is able to make that connection because

*A. she is culturally literate. B. of her critical thinking skills. C. of her powers of memorization. D. she has had courses in British history.

Knowledge of the professional code of morality is particularly helpful for cases in which the teacher

A. a) must decide whether to sign the contract offered for the following year. *B. c) needs to decide how to handle his or her own conflict with another teacher. C. d) suspects that one of the children in class is abused at home. D. b) is asked to drive some students to a math contest.

The three major categories of decisions that teachers make in the course of instructing are

A. a) planning, management, and environment. *B. b) planning, implementing, and evaluating. C. c) instructional, management, and evaluating. D. d) planning, environment, and instructional.

In a public elementary or secondary school setting, academic freedom refers to a teacher's right to

A. a) select any published course textbook that seems appropriate. B. b) use any reading in class that bears on the general subject of the course. C. c) determine the content of their courses. *D. d) use a reading for class if it is age-appropriate and directly relevant to the goals of the course curriculum.

A student accuses a teacher of having used profanity when she reprimanded him in the hall. The teacher is guaranteed by due process that when this incident comes under investigation,

A. a) she will have an impartial decision maker in the investigation. B. c) the school district will pay her legal fees. C. b) she will have free representation by a school district lawyer. *D. d) she may cross-examine witnesses.

According to the text, which of these factors is likely to contribute to students' high achievement? A teacher who is

A. a) well educated in a subject. B. b) strict in discipline. *C. c) involved in research on the subject. D. d) impersonal and professional.

Intrinsic rewards in teaching include

A. performing a significant social service and the flexible work schedule. *B. the actual teaching and satisfaction from the performance of an important social service. C. the salary, the actual teaching, and the status. D. the close work with young people, the actual teaching, and the power.

One study in Kentucky identified characteristics of high-poverty schools with high levels of performance. These characteristics included all of the following except

A. regular assessments of students. B. school-wide ethic of high expectations. *C. a strong behavioral focus. D. respectful relations between stakeholders.

In one high school, students are given freedom to choose from a broad selection of courses in the fine arts, the sciences, literature, vocational areas, and athletics. This high school probably represents the

A. school designed by a social reconstructionist. *B. shopping mall school. C. acculturator school. D. best type of high school.

A direct way to find out if you will enjoy the realities of teaching is to

A. seek the counsel of a career placement counselor, who can then direct you. *B. volunteer several hours a week at a school or supervise extracurricular activities. C. study the teachers' benefits and salaries where you would like to teach. D. get frequent, long-term baby-sitting jobs.

The anticipated student population trend for the next ten years involves

A. significant increases in all populations. B. an increase in the white population percentage while the minority population remains stable. *C. an increase in the minority population while the white population percentage declines. D. zero growth for any population.

According to a study cited in your text, key developmental needs that characterize early adolescence include

A. social interaction and religion. B. opportunities for self-definition. C. structure and clear limits, competence and achievement. *D. b and c only.

Some states have passed laws forbidding instruction in any language but English, with the basic idea of producing a society with one dominant culture. This process of incorporating an immigrant group into the mainstream culture is often referred to as

A. socializing. B. ​pluralism *C. enculturation D. separatism

One of the most important requirements for those teaching students with disabilities is to

A. speak loudly. B. use much repetition. C. assume a lower than normal level of reading readiness. *D. remember not to stereotype students with disabilities.

Jackson's study of elementary classrooms found that

A. students learn to be aggressive and loud. *B. students learn to wait and repress desires. C. students learn to follow directions. D. students learn to wait and take turns.

An important reason for emphasizing reading in the curriculum is that

A. success in reading raises students' pride. B. reading is not very hard to teach. C. most people like to read once they become skilled. *D. success in reading contributes to success in all areas of curriculum.

Why have schools not been very successful in reducing poverty?

As the book says, "they are not designed to serve poor children". The schools of the United States were created and supported for and by the middle class to "perpetuate the middle-class way of life.

What is meant by the "everyday ethics of teaching"? Provide some examples.

The everyday ethics of teaching include the three ways teachers ethically influence students: by their personal example, by created classroom climate, and by dialogue established. A teacher can set a good personal example by taking care and having seriousness in their work, and having good manner toward students. A teacher can establish a beneficial classroom climate by creating a safe environment. And a teacher can establish an ethical dialogue by discussing the core ethical values of honesty, respect, and responsibility.

Explain the concept of schools as cultures. Be sure to define culture and show how schools fit in that definition.

"A culture is composed of beliefs about what is right and wrong, and what is good and bad. It also includes the dominant ideas, language, stories and myths, artistic works, social habits, and organization of a group" (Pg33). Having a strong school culture means having positive, engaged hearts and minds, stretching them intellectually, physically, morally, and socially. A school with a week school culture may have faculties, student-ratio, and curriculum in common with a neighboring good school, but have a weak, negative effect on students. So a school culture can simply be defined as the pieces that make up the 'persona' of the school.

Drill and practice programs increase fluency of a skill.

*A. True B. False

Equipping students with 'twenty-first century skills' includes preparing them to use technology.

*A. True B. False

The case that resulted in a decision to permit teachers to discuss the theory of evolution in science classes was the

A. Pickering case. B. Kalamazoo case. *C. Scopes case. D. Nichols case.

In considering whether a teacher should be held liable for a student injury, which of the following facts will a judge consider most important?

A. The pupil-to-teacher ratio in the classroom *B. Whether the teacher had established rules for the students C. Whether the teacher had determined the extent and severity of the student injury D. The age of the students in the teacher's classroom

After many years of delay, recently the Supreme Court has made corporal punishment in our schools unconstitutional and therefore illegal.

A. True *B. False

All of these are examples of using the computer as a cognitive tool except

A. c) a database. *B. b) email. C. a) a word processor. D. d) a spreadsheet.

Willful attack resulting in harm to a person is called

A. liability. B. injury. C. assault. *D. battery

Teaching is significantly affected by the teacher's attitude toward

A. work, learning, and the practice of habits. B. being a professional and being a good staff member. *C. other teachers, parents, and the subject. D. training, students, and oneself.

In what ways is theoretical knowledge vital for an effective teacher? Explain.

As said in chapter 6, "Theoretical knowledge about learning and human behavior equips teachers to draw on concepts from psychology, anthropology, sociology, and related disciplines to interpret the complex reality of the classroom". Without theoretical knowledge, teachers will have to make decisions and teach based merely on beliefs and common sense. These decisions based on beliefs and common sense tend to be based on wrong interpretations of behaviors, making them not beneficial to students.

Identify the major contributors to unequal access to computers for students across schools or districts.

Major contributors to unequal access to computers for students across schools or districts include: "questions about infrastructure, budgeting, teacher education, parent support, equity for students, and the question of how to infuse technology into the curriculum" (213).

In most respects, teaching ranks rather low in all extrinsic rewards except for one. Which extrinsic reward is this, and how can teachers use it best?

The high ranked extrinsic reward is having a work schedule that offers flexibility and personal control over time. For many, family life is a top priority. By having a less demanding schedule, teachers are able to spend time with their children as well, which is a significant benefit.

How will the changing student population affect teaching?

The students population is increasing drastically. There are more minority students than ever before, and with this teachers will need to adapt. They will need to come to terms with the idea of multiculturalism, because before they know it, the U.S. will be evenly mixed with races throughout. Those future children need and deserve equal treatment.

What are the defining characteristics of a reflective teacher?

A reflective teacher asks the questions: "What am I doing and why?, how can I better meet my student's needs?, what are some alternative learning activities to achieve these objectives?, and how could I have encouraged more involvement or learning on the part of the students?" Even when lessons go according to plan, reflective teachers "analyze" the lesson to adapt for the following day, answer what went well and why, and if not, how can it be bettered.

The United States is undergoing some significant population changes. As of the year 2015, minority students in the nation are projected to make up what percentage of the school-age population?

A. 49 percent B. 13 percent C. 25 percent *D. 43 percent

Denise, a medical sales representative, is considering a career switch to teaching. She is bright and outgoing, and likes the high pay she has earned in sales. Yet she has felt drawn to teaching because of the positive contribution she could make to students' lives. If she makes the career switch, which reward is Denise least likely to experience in teaching?

A. A lively intellectual atmosphere with colleagues and students B. A work schedule offering generous personal time *C. A salary that rivals other professional salaries D. The satisfaction of contributing positively to others' lives

Juan, a talented young artist, has already had some of his watercolors displayed at showings. In addition to painting, he also enjoys teaching painting to young children. He feels strongly that art should be part of every child's education. If Juan decides to become an art teacher, which of the following extrinsic rewards will he most certainly experience?

A. A secure and high salary B. The status and recognition of being an accomplished teacher C. The sense of power that he will be able to change curriculum *D. A generous work schedule, providing him time to paint

A teacher's attitude toward students plays an obvious role in influencing teacher behavior. Which other attitude also plays an important role?

A. A teacher's attitude toward his or her teacher education program *B. A teacher's attitude toward his or her colleagues C. A teacher's attitude toward professional associations D. A teacher's attitude toward his or her own parents

Which of the following is the most commonly used criterion for identifying gifted students?

A. Academic grade *B. Academic record C. Group intelligence test scores D. Standardized achievement test scores

When teachers choose questions to ask, reflect on the level of understanding that student answers demonstrate, and then decide how to adjust instruction to improve results, they are making what kinds of decisions?

A. Planning B. Managing C. Implementing *D. Evaluating

Mrs. Blazer has been strongly influenced by William Glasser's choice theory. Unlike most teachers, she never puts happy face stickers on her students' work or provides them with other rewards like bonus points for work well done. Why would she avoid such practices?

A. Because they exert a form of control on students by encouraging them to desire external rewards B. Because the external rewards such as stickers have no intrinsic relationship to the work itself *C. Because she wants students to develop their own internal standards for judging the quality of their work D. Because she believes the competition spurred by handing out stickers encourages her students to exert psychological control over each other

How has the content of textbooks been affected by the standards-based movement?

A. Fewer textbooks are being used in most states. B. Publishers prepare individual texts to meet each state's standards. C. Teachers have been creating their own curriculum rather than using textbooks. *D. The content standards in a few large states determine the content in the books.

Every morning during math, your class seems to go haywire. At most other times, the students are not a problem. What do "Kevin and Jim's Management Rules" tell you to do first?

A. Go straight to your mentor for help. *B. b) Check your instruction. C. c) Threaten to call home. D. d) Ask a colleague to observe the class and give you some pointers.

Of the following extrinsic rewards, which is most closely associated with teaching?

A. High status and prestige *B. A work schedule allowing generous time for oneself C. Power over one's subordinates and associates D. A competitive salary

Which country has the highest teen-age birthrate among the world's developed countries?

A. Italy B. Russia *C. United States D. China

Dominic is a basketball player, who has the ability to run quickly, jump high into the air, and easily make a basket from the three-point range. Which of the following theorists identifies Dominic's ability as a form of intelligence?

A. John Goodlad *B. Howard Gardner C. Jean Piaget D. Erik Erickson

What is the best indicator that you will be satisfied teaching?

A. Listening to your parents, friends, and others who know you well communicate that teaching would be a good career for you *B. Being attracted to performing an important social service C. Enjoying the power and influence you can have upon others D. Knowing that children usually like you very much

In public schools that embraced multiculturalism, which of the following would be evidenced?

A. Posters of American Revolutionary heroes would be displayed throughout the school. B. Class discussions would debate the worth of the value systems of other cultures. C. In December, decorations denoting any celebration would not be allowed. *D. Selections for literature classes would represent a broad collection of authors.

Which of the following describes a problem with acculturation in U.S. schools?

A. Schools may pull students away from their various ethnic backgrounds and families. B. U.S. students may feel they are superior to others without knowing much about them. *C. a and b are correct. D. There is no problem with acculturation in U.S. schools.

​How does recognizing one's own feelings of anxiety help a teacher?

A. She cannot rid herself of unhealthy emotions if she doesn't accept them *B. It can help her understand how a student's anxiety can affect his or her learning. C. It enables her to control the feelings of her students. D. She can draw on them for energy and inspiration in her work with students.

In the shopping mall high school, which group of students may be neglected?

A. Special needs students B. Underachievers C. Gifted athletes *D. Average students

Which way of implementing learning-style theory in classrooms would be the most educationally sound?

A. Test the students in the classroom, and then individually determine their learning styles. B. Design monthly units featuring a particular learning style to emphasize to your class. C. Have teachers identify their learning styles, and then have them teach utilizing the one(s) with which they feel most comfortable. *D. Integrate as many learning styles as possible in activities and lessons so that all students will have the opportunity to perform well.

Telly, the president of the senior class at State U., thinks he would enjoy teaching history and civics, because he has always taken a prominent role in student government and finds politics fascinating. If Telly decides to become a teacher, which of Telly's following interests would least likely be satisfied in a teaching career?

A. The opportunity to learn more about history and civics B. The opportunity to help create change in people's lives *C. His attraction to status D. His pleasure in working with other people

Some people resist the idea of cultural pluralism as a desirable goal. Why?

A. They prefer a "melting pot" view of schooling. B. They fear that this will undermine our country's traditions. C. They seek to promote diversity. *D. a and b only

After reading several novels about teaching, Jameel has become fascinated with teaching as a career. According to the authors, what else would be a fruitful way to help him decide if teaching is the right career for him?

A. To work in a variety of part-time jobs to see if teaching is still appealing B. To read some more novels and watch movies about teaching C. To take a career preference test *D. To get advice from his former teachers about the realities of teaching

Which of the motives (three or four) described in this chapter come closest to your thoughts about a career in teaching? Thinking about these motives, what does this tell you about yourself?

Some motives that I have in becoming a teacher include: having the opportunity to be a positive influence on our youth, having a fairly secure occupation with a flexible work schedule, being influenced by a former teacher, and the desire to work with young people. Having these motives tells me that I am interested in being apart of a child's education, and also wanting the benefits of a flexible schedule to teach and care for my own children.

Critics of the standards-based movement cite all of the following reasons for their objections except

*A. lack of support from parents and taxpayers. B. too much focus on testing. C. attention and money should be focused on preexisting urgent needs. D. high stakes of accountability-based test scores.

The goal of multicultural education is to

*A. reduce prejudice and foster tolerance for other cultures. B. academically support ethnic minority students. C. provide a nurturing environment for children who have been abused. D. teach students to speak other languages.

The psychological effects of abuse on a child can lead to

*A. serious learning difficulties for the child. B. a dislike for school. C. free breakfast and lunch in school. D. more study hall time.

Schools have been defined as socialization agents that can teach children to be compliant, competitive, creative, cooperative, or curious. Define socialization, and give examples of school routines or practices that might nurture the development of the traits just listed.​

"The task of passing on a society's culture to the young is called socialization, defined as the general process of social learning whereby the child learns the many things he or she must know to become a well-functioning and acceptable member of a particular social environment" (Pg33). Some example of socialization in schools that nurture the traits above would include: study groups, group projects, presentations, and even being apart of a sports team.

Detracking high school students (eliminating the separation of academic, general, and vocational tracks) had which of the following effects?

*A. Detracking raised the performance of low-achieving students. B. Detracking erased social distinctions among students. C. Detracking raised the performance of high-achieving students. D. Detracking had the most positive effects for average students.

What previous legislation does IDEA build on?

*A. PL 94-1 42, which established special education for students with disabilities B. The Lau Remedies for non-English-speaking students C. Head Start, an early intervention program D. Title I for disadvantaged children

Ms. Juniper suspects that one of the students in class is being abused at home. When she asks the student about it, he first denies it, then reluctantly tells her the truth but begs her not to say anything or he'll "really get in trouble." What should Ms. Juniper do?

*A. Report it to the proper authority right away. B. Respect the boy's wishes and not say anything. C. Go to see the boy's father and tell him to stop or else be reported to the police. D. Wait a while to see if he continues to be abused.

Which of the following has had the most influence over the content of the curriculum in the past decade?

*A. Standards-based movement B. Back-to-basics movement C. Decreases in financial support D. Technology revolution in education

Which of the following is not a characteristic of an effective school?

*A. Teacher autonomy to work in isolation B. Faculties with a high degree of task orientation C. High degree of academic engaged time D. High teacher expectations for all students

Why are teen-age mothers particularly vulnerable to poverty?

*A. They do not usually complete their education to get marketable skills. B. They usually demonstrate a lack of commitment to any job. C. They usually expect that social service agencies will be able to meet their needs. D. They don't set attainable goals.

More than four-fifths of the states have adopted a common core of academic standards in mathematics and language arts.

*A. True B. False

Research studies indicate that the practice of tracking students into different ability level groups is detrimental to low ability students.

*A. True B. False

Students from lower socioeconomic families are more likely to use computers for drill and practice than children from the middle class.

*A. True B. False

Three out of four teenagers are mobile Internet users

*A. True B. False

Unlike medical doctors who have the Hippocratic oath, there is no single, universally accepted code of ethics for teachers.

*A. True B. False

It is legal in American public school classrooms to study religious books, such as the Bible, the Talmud, and the Koran.

*A. True B. False

According to the text, one reason for studying theoretical knowledge is that it

*A. a) equips the teacher to interpret the complexities of the classroom. B. b) has been shown to discipline the teacher's mind to make learning easier. C. c) is part of the rite of passage in a teacher's education. D. d) enables a teacher to cover more material with students.

Dana was in the middle of teaching a lesson he had worked hard preparing when he realized that many students did not understand it. He immediately changed the direction of the lesson to help them understand. In this instance, Dana made a(n)

*A. a) implementing decision. B. b) reflective decision. C. c) evaluating decision. D. d) planning decision.

Angela Herrera is a sixth-grade teacher. She spends many days during August visiting the school library, reviewing material, and creating lessons for her class that begins in September. During this time, Angela makes

*A. a) planning decisions. B. b) reflective decisions. C. c) implementing decisions. D. d) evaluating decisions.

The explanation that people refer to when choosing a course of action is called

*A. a) theory-in-use. B. b) a theory. C. c) a discipline. D. d) knowledge about knowledge.

When did technology helping teachers use more pictures in the classroom first become available?

*A. c) Early 1900s B. d) Late 1900s C. b) Late 1800s D. a) Early 1800s

Inclusion refers to

*A. including students with disabilities in the regular classroom. B. including students with disabilities in after school sports. C. including non-English speakers in the regular classroom. D. including parents in their child(ren)'s education.

In one of the short narratives in the text, Julia recognized that her deep interest in science was both an advantage and a disadvantage. Describe at least one advantage and one disadvantage of teachers' deep commitment to their subject area as well as how Julia could change her instruction to solve her problems.

A teacher having a deep commitment to their subject has the advantage of introducing a knowledgeable and experienced person into a teaching environment. A disadvantage to this is that most often deep committed teachers tend to drown their students with too much information all at once, and do most of the work. As said in Julia's case, she needs to incorporate 'romance', the sparks to catch children's interests and get them to "fall in love" with the subject as she had did. Pedagogical seduction as it's said in the case.

Based on the newer trends in math instruction, which of the following will most likely occur in math classes?

A. An increased number of diverse math courses offered at the high school level *B. An increased compartmentalized emphasis on reason and argument when using manipulatives at the elementary level C. A decreased use of calculators and computers in classes at the high school level D. Greater emphasis on drill and practice to reduce errors at the elementary level

Jenna is seventeen years old, the mother of an infant, and a full-time employee at a local manufacturing company. Which of the following is also likely true about Jenna's life?

A. She is advancing in her company. *B. She lives below the poverty line. C. She is enrolled part-time in college. D. She and her child are physically healthy.

Tai is a college sophomore with numerous interests. Public service has always appealed to her, yet she is not sure if teaching will be the most satisfying career. Which of the following would be the best indicators that Tai would find satisfaction in teaching?

A. She wants recognition for her work, and she enjoys working with people. *B. She enjoys intellectual stimulation and wants to perform a service to society. C. She feels a strong desire to contribute to society and wants a secure salary. D. She wants to work with others and desires a work schedule with ample personal time.

Over 60 percent of all children live in homes where the only parent or both parents work. What significance does this have for teachers?

A. Teachers need to assume the parent role. B. Teachers should not try to involve parents in the school as much as they used to. C. Parents are now generally expecting teachers to monitor children much more closely than they will. *D. Parents' work schedules may make participation in the school more difficult, and teachers may have difficulty contacting them.

What is the major goal of any sex education program?

A. Teaching children about their anatomy B. Preventing STDs *C. Preventing teen-age pregnancy D. None of the above

Which of the following is the largest factor in the growing number of children living with a single parent?

A. Teen mothers B. Deaths *C. Divorce D. Working parents

Why did the back-to-basics group push for the return to a "basic" curriculum?

A. They believed that schools did not have the financial resources to support a wide range of programs. B. They believed that students were being exposed to topics and concepts that only a small percentage would actually need. C. They vehemently opposed any inclusion of multiculturalism in the curriculum. *D. They believed that schools should prepare students to work hard and persevere at difficult tasks.

If cultural pluralism were part of a U.S. school, how would that affect a group of immigrant students from Portugal?

A. They would mingle together during school, but teachers would encourage them to become Americanized and make U.S. friends. B. The school they attended would hold a "Portugal" month, featuring banners and posters of Portugal in the hallways. C. The teachers would treat the Portuguese students warmly and would make sure that the U.S. students treated the Portuguese students nicely, too. *D. The Portuguese students would be encouraged to treasure their culture, and teachers would provide ways for the U. S. students to learn about life in Portugal.

About two-thirds of American eight grade students score at the proficient or advanced level on the National Assessment of Educational Progress in reading.

A. True *B. False

Differentiating instruction means assigning students of different abilities to classes with other students of comparable abilities.

A. True *B. False

Technology produces a generation of rote learners.

A. True *B. False

Compared to other industrialized countries, the United States scores below average in tests of mathematics and science.

A. True *B. False

Which of the following teacher behaviors is properly classified as classroom management?

A. Using a student team learning approach *B. b) Defining routines for the use of class supplies C. c) Having a spelling bee to make spelling more interesting D. d) Assigning a timed test in math

A teacher is notified on the day before school begins that no contract will be offered to him for that year. On hearing the teacher's objection, the principal announces that the teacher may plead the case at the end of the school board meeting that night, at about 11 p.m. What violation of rights has the teacher suffered?

A. Violation of professional courtesy *B. d) Violation of the right to due process C. b) Violation of Fourteenth Amendment rights D. a) Violation of the everyday ethics of teaching

All of the following are risk factors contributing to the high rate of children living in poverty except

A. a family headed by a female. B. a household where no parent has a job. C. parents with full-time jobs that pay minimum wage. *D. school systems built by and for the wealthy.

Schooling can best be described as

A. a process of human growth that leads to greater self-control. *B. a specific, formalized process. C. an informal arrangement made for the benefit of students of all ages. D. an experience over a set period of time spent in an institution.

A school's curriculum could best be defined as

A. a scope and sequence plan for subjects to be learned from grades K-12 B. the written document in which the school outlines its goals for the school district for the next decade. C. an explanation of the minimum skills in each of the required subject areas for students in grades K-12. *D. all of the organized and planned experiences of students for which the school assumes responsibility.

The U.S. family structure is changing. Today, it would not be unusual to find

A. a single-parent family. B. a blended family with children from previous marriages. C. children living with grandparents or other relatives. *D. All of these are quite likely.

Which of the following is not an example of assistive technology?

A. a) Remote control units B. d) Computer to enhance communication C. c) Voice output device *D. b) Internet

Which arrangement of computers is a more expensive investment for schools?

A. a) Single-computer classroom B. b) Computer labs *C. c) Classroom clusters D. d) All of these require equal investments.

Teacher A argues that professional training ought to focus mainly on the content to be taught. Teacher B responds that pedagogical knowledge about learning and human behavior is more essential. Which teacher does the text support?

A. a) Teacher A B. b) Teacher B *C. c) Both teachers D. d) Neither teacher

When the principal comes in unannounced to ask the teacher a question, she notices that several students are creating a model together; others are reading science books; and the rest are writing. They all seem immersed in their own tasks. These students are demonstrating

A. a) cooperative learning. B. b) classroom management. C. c) group process. *D. d) academic engaged time.

A tenured teacher is dismissed from her teaching position. According to the text, for which of the following reason(s) could a tenured teacher legally be dismissed?

A. b) She had written a letter to the editor of the local newspaper sharply criticizing the policies of the school board. *B. c) There was a reduction in force in the school district. C. d) She had not demonstrated professional growth during the past several school years, and she had written a letter to the editor of the local newspaper sharply criticizing the policies of the school board. D. a) She had not volunteered for extracurricular duties during the past several school years.

Test generators, lesson-planning software, and grade books are examples of

A. b) teacher communication tools. *B. d) teacher productivity tools. C. a) teacher-generated software. D. c) teacher instructional tools.

Which of the following was not created specifically to facilitate instruction?

A. c) Simulation software B. b) Drill-and-practice software *C. a) World Wide Web D. d) Interactive multimedia

The sources of pressure on schools to increase their use of technology tools include

A. c) businesses and citizens. *B. d) all of the above. C. b) students and legislators. D. a) parents and teachers.

The educational advantage(s) of using technology to assist students with special needs is (are)

A. c) enhanced communication. *B. d) all of these. C. a) presentation for a variety of learning styles. D. b) individualization.

Acceptable use policies for technology result in all of the following benefits except

A. c) make expectations and consequences clear. *B. d) prevent all inappropriate uses of technology. C. b) solicit parental input and permission. D. a) reduce a school's liability.

A teacher should understand the professional code of morality that applies to education because

A. c) teachers must protect themselves from unjust court actions. *B. a) teachers help children learn about the place of moral codes in society. C. d) teachers must protect children from unwarranted legal actions. D. b) teachers have an ethical role in the lives of children.

According to the text, what was one of the earliest technological devices used in classrooms?

A. d) Filmstrip B. b) Television C. c) Radio *D. a) Chalkboard

The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, also known as the Buckley Amendment, guarantees the right of

A. d) parents to see personnel files of their children's teachers. *B. b) parents to see school files kept on their own children. C. c) teachers to see the files of students in the whole family. D. a) students to see teachers' personnel files.

The rights protected under due process include

A. d) the right to take public positions on policy and the right to wear one's hair in any style. B. c) the right to take public positions on policy. C. b) the right to wear one's hair in any style. *D. a) the right to timely notice of dismissal.

Ryan and Cooper refer to bullying conducted using electronic devices such as computers, cell phones, or tablets as

A. e-intimidation. B. online victimizing. C. social strong-arming. *D. cyberbullying.

Generally, white women constitute the majority of teachers. In the near future, the teaching profession is expected to

A. gain a significant increase in the number of female minority teachers. B. attract more men to the profession; nearly 40 percent of the teaching force will be men within the next twenty years. *C. continue to be a profession in which white women will constitute the majority. D. see a marked decrease in the dominance of white women in the field.

Successful cooperative learning strategies include

A. group goals and individual work. B. homogeneous grouping and individual accountability. C. individual goals and group accountability. *D. group goals and individual accountability.

A teacher has serious concerns that a student's behavior signals he is contemplating suicide, and one day the student admits that the thought has occurred to him. The teacher should

A. have a long talk with the student, telling him why he should want to live B. tell the student that he or she will always be available if the student needs to talk. C. call the student's parents. *D. contact the school psychologist or guidance counselor and explain the situation.

It is the third week of September, and you are just beginning to know your first-grade students. One child, Marcus, stands out in your mind. He has not made friends with any playmates so far, and he rarely talks to the other children. Yesterday, during playtime, he stomped on a cardboard puzzle after playing with it for several minutes. Later, he told you he got mad at it because "it wasn't all fitting in." During the past several days, he has had several such outbursts, usually when things get busy in the class, such as when lining up for lunch or recess, or marching to music. Given his behavior, you think he may

A. have dyslexia. B. have a low IQ. *C. be suffering from abuse. D. be homeless.

Research seems to indicate that high school principals can help reduce violence and vandalism in schools by

A. maintaining a stern, watchful eye and punishing misbehavior consistently. B. being a good friend to all students. C. cultivating the support of student leaders for programs to subdue troublemakers. *D. establishing high expectations for student behavior and performance.

Under current copyright laws, a teacher may

A. neither copy a published article for use in preparing for class nor tape off-the-air copies of special broadcasts for student viewing the next day. *B. copy a published article for use in preparing for class and tape off-the-air copies of special broadcasts for student viewing the next day. C. a) copy a published article for use in preparing for class. D. b) tape off-the-air copies of special broadcasts for student viewing the next day.

By the end of the first year, a student knows how to behave in class, on the playground, and in the lunchroom, and as a result is well liked by the teachers. This appropriate behavior is probably a result of successful

A. peer-group influence. B. immersion in an interactive environment. C. achievement. *D. socialization.

What changes can be detected in the organization of and instructional practices in high schools over the past one hundred years?

As the years went on, more Americans wanted "high school to accomplish everything". In attempt to accomplish these multiple purposes, high schools have developed a comprehensive curriculum with many elective courses. Students are now given a wider variety of classes available to help them with their academic track. There are three tracks listed in the chapter. An Academic track involves traditional subjects, a general track allows a number of electives and less rigorous subjects, and a Vocational track may include both academic and job-related courses. Researches suggest the high schools' characteristics resemble those of a shopping mall. High schools now offer a diverse curriculum in an attempt to satisfy everyone.

Explain the differences between instruction based on core curriculum and multicultural curriculum with regard to goals and content.

Core curriculum is a course of study every student would be required to take, such as, Math, science, English, history, and geography. The common core goals consist of meeting college and work expectations, preparation for society, and dealing with rigorous content and applications of higher knowledge through higher order thinking skills. E. D. Hirsch Jr. has endorsed cultural literacy into this (now known as core knowledge). Multicultural curriculum refers to any form of education that incorporates the histories, texts, values, beliefs, and perspectives of people from different cultural backgrounds. It goal is to acknowledge the experiences and perspectives of oppressed groups that are commonly excluded.

​Explain the distinction made in this chapter between education and schooling. Give some examples of each. Describe the limitations of schooling, and explain its advantage over less formal types of education.

Education is a process of human growth by which one gains greater understanding and control over oneself and one's world. Schooling is a specific, formalized process, usually focused on the young, and whose general pattern traditionally has varied little from one setting to the next. "The agents of education can range from a revered grandparent to the guests on a late-night television talk show, from a child with a disability to a distinguished scientist. Whereas schooling follows a routine and has certain predictability, education quite often takes us by surprise" (Pg31). In schooling, the fact that everything is a routine, can be a huge limitation. You can't change the rules when it comes to curriculum. Yet, routine can also be considered an advantage. The idea of always knowing what's next and being prepared for it can be quite rewarding, rather than how education takes us by surprise.

What is the distinction between ethics and law in teaching? Give an example demonstrating each.

Ethics refers to a system or a code of morality embraced by a particular person or group. An individual law is a written rule. Law is a system of such rules that governs the general conduct of a particular community's citizens (222). Ethics may be invisible obligations that we perceive, while laws typically are statements. Examples stated in chapter 8 include laws against excessive speeding that follow from our ethical beliefs that we ought not endanger lives.

One way of deciding if a teaching career is for you is through vicarious experience. Although very helpful, vicarious experience also has its limitations in helping you decide if teaching is for you. Name and explain the strengths and limitations of using vicarious experience in your decision to become a teacher.

Some strengths of vicarious experience is the accessibility, opinions of others, and possible situations. We can easily come across movies, books, and articles that revolve around the teaching environment. These can share opinions of others and also show us several situations in the teaching environment and "shed light" on them. But, vicarious experience is often distorted. We encounter misrepresentation, the idea that all classes are small, that teaching means the adult is talking, and that everything is all fun and games. We also need to remember that these movies, books, and articles tend to portray school life to the extreme with heightened situations.

How does interdisciplinary teaching lead to enhanced learning?

The interdisciplinary curriculum is a curriculum that cuts across subject-matter lines to focus on comprehensive life problems or broad-based areas of study that bring together the various segments of the curriculum in meaningful association. Students benefit by experiencing coherence in the curriculum and connections to real-world situations. They develop critical thinking and problem solving skills within specific context, rather than isolation, as well.

Describe at least three ways that educational technology affects teaching today. Give examples.

Three ways that educational technology affects teaching today include: the increased assistance to students with special needs, such as presented information based on their learning style and unique needs, and devices such as computers, user-friendly keyboards, and eye and head tracking software. Another way that educational technology affects teaching is the enhanced learning experience. New technology provides students with tools such as WebQuest, simulations, tutorials, Spreadsheets, wikis, etc. And finally, a third way that technology affects teaching is providing different roles for a teacher; "With the use of technology, teachers don't always have to be the sole source of information, allowing them to become freed to become more involved in higher-level evaluation of providing feedback" (208).