Intro to Trauma Final

Which statement most accurately describes a potentially traumatic event? 1. An event that may result in a person's experience of trauma 2. An event that always leads to a person's experience of trauma 3. Neither of the items listed can be used to describe a potentially traumatic event.

1. An event that may result in a person's experience of trauma

Which of the following are considered behavioral responses to trauma? 1. Substance abuse 2. Overeating 3. Hyperactivity 4. Feelings of guilt and shame 5. None of the items listed are behavioral responses

1. Substance abuse 2. Overeating 3. Hyperactivity

Select which of the following are associated with the impacts of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs): 1. The body's stress response systems remain active. 2. The level of stress hormones in the body to decrease. 3. Prolonged activation of the fight or flight response can be damaging to areas in the brain in charge of executive functioning, emotions, memory and learning. 4. They increase immunity and help protect the body from medical illness and disease in the future.

1. The body's stress response systems remain active. 3. Prolonged activation of the fight or flight response can be damaging to areas in the brain in charge of executive functioning, emotions, memory and learning.

Which of the following are examples of common factors that influence the severity of a trauma response during childhood? (Select all that apply) 1. The nature of the event 2. Cultural factors 3. The number of siblings they have 4. Prior exposure to traumatic events 5. Support systems available 6. The family's response 7. All of the items listed

1. The nature of the event 2. Cultural factors 4. Prior exposure to traumatic events 5. Support systems available 6. The family's response

In order to result in the experience of trauma, the exposure to the potentially traumatic event(s) may consist of which of the following (select all that apply): 1. Witnessing 2. Learning about a loved one experiencing a traumatic event 3. Repeated exposure to stories of trauma survivors through working as an emergency first responder. 4. Watching the news 5. All of the items listed

1. Witnessing 2. Learning about a loved one experiencing a traumatic event 3. Repeated exposure to stories of trauma survivors through working as an emergency first responder.

Which of the following that is most accurate about crises (select all that apply)? 1. The purpose of crisis intervention is to fully resolve a problem, not manage it. 2. Crises may result from a wide range of stressors, that may include traumatic events, disasters, and loss. 3. All crises lead to dangerous situations. 4. None of the options available are accurate about crises.

2. Crises may result from a wide range of stressors, that may include traumatic events, disasters, and loss.

Which of the factors listed below are most associated with predictors of coping, recovery, and growth following the experience of a traumatic event(s) or crisis? (Select all that apply) 1. Adversity. 2. Social support. 3. Spirituality and Religious coping. 4. Optimism and positive meaning making. 5. All of the items listed.

2. Social support. 3. Spirituality and Religious coping. 4. Optimism and positive meaning making.

Which of the following are examples of cognitive psychological reactions to crisis? (Select all that apply) 1. none of the options listed are examples of cognitive reactions 2. nightmares 3. poor concentration 4. feelings of anger 5. loss of trust 6. difficulty in making decisions

2. nightmares 3. poor concentration 5. loss of trust 6. difficulty in making decisions

A history of unresolved crisis experiences, impulsive behavior, neglect of personal needs, difficulty learning from an experience, and repeatedly making the same mistakes are all best described as characteristics of which of the following: 1. An event that leads to crisis 2. A person in crisis 3. A crisis-prone person 4. None of the items available

3. A crisis-prone person

Irritability, crying, withdrawal, and anger outbursts can all be described as examples of what category of common psychological reactions to crisis: 1. Emotional 2. Cognitive 3. Behavioral 4. Symptoms 5. None of the items listed.

3. Behavioral

What component of crisis intervention is best described as beginning at the time of initial encounter with a person in crisis, during which the responder is attempting to reduce the threat of harm, relieve anxiety, and even at times may include the responder worker to prevent the person in crisis from harming themselves or others. 1. Control 2. Referral 3. Initial 4. Immediacy

4. Immediacy

Which of the following are examples of common emotional psychological reactions to crisis (select all that apply): 1. Confusion 2. Difficulties in decision making 3. Flashbacks 4. Numbness 5. Withdrawal 6. Helplessness 7. Fear

4. Numbness 6. Helplessness 7. Fear

In Greenstone and Leviton's (2011) Crisis intervention model, write the term used to describe the component during which the responder is deciding how to manage the situation. During this phase of the model, the responders are exploring options, may need to be creative, and are working to help the person in crisis begin to utilize available resources.

Disposition

T/F A person's culture has no influence on their perceptions or beliefs about potentially traumatic events they experience during their life.

False

T/F According to Greenstone & Leviton's (2011) Model of Crisis Intervention, the final component of crisis intervention is called Referral and is focused on providing referrals as needed to the person in crisis.

False

T/F Coping in crisis is most often not related to the way someone uses resources available.

False

T/F Crisis hotline workers are recommended to not allow callers to 'vent' about feelings and speak openly.

False

T/F Men and women are equally as likely to experience PTSD related to sexual trauma.

False

T/F Most individuals who experience trauma related to abuse will often also become perpetrators of trauma or violence on others

False

T/F Only professionals in occupations that result in them being a direct witness a crisis event or the immediate aftermath of a crisis are at risk of experiencing vicarious trauma.

False

T/F The goal of mindfulness is to experience emotional joy; it is not to learn non-judgemental awareness of happenings within and around ourselves in our moment by moment experience.

False

T/F The severity of a crisis only relates to how distressing the event is perceived to be., and does not usually relate to how effective the individual's existing coping skills at managing that distress.

False

T/F Trauma can only happen to some people and not others.

False

T/F Trauma in early life has no impact on a person's brain, emotional or social development

False

T/F Trauma only pertains to the event and is NOT related to the personal reaction to the event(s).

False

Which of these is most likely NOT considered a potentially traumatic event that could result in a person's experience of trauma? 1. Gaining 5-10 lbs 2. Seeing the aftermath of a tornado that has taken the roof off their home. 3. Surviving sexual assault 4. Repeated experiences of neglect and physical abuse as a child. 5. Experiencing bullying over the course of a school year.

Gaining 5 to 10 lbs

Trauma is a normal and natural response to an abnormal event.

True

Select any of the following that best describes secure attachment in infancy: (Select all that apply) 1. Creates a foundation or template for their relationships in the future. 2. Has no impact on the child's development. 3. A lack of secure attachment can result in trauma for developing infants. 4. Is the same as ambivalent attachment.

1. Creates a foundation or template for their relationships in the future. 3. A lack of secure attachment can result in trauma for developing infants.

Which one of the following best describes the concept of "positive reappraisal coping" as a path to growth following a traumatic event or crisis? 1. Gaining an alternative perspective in which they see the outcome of the traumatic event or crisis in a more positive way. 2. Using coping skills, such as methods to distract unwanted thoughts and work to ignore any negative thoughts related to the traumatic event. 3. The act of reminding oneself to only focus on the positive happenings in our life. 4. None of the items listed.

1. Gaining an alternative perspective in which they see the outcome of the traumatic event or crisis in a more positive way.

Which of the following are most likely to be considered as a potential sign or symptom of trauma? 1. Insomnia and Nightmares 2. Difficulty concentrating 3. Withdrawal 4. None of the items listed 5. Aggressive behaviors 6. Frustration about not having time to watch their favorite TV show

1. Insomnia and Nightmares 2. Difficulty concentrating 3. Withdrawal 5. Aggressive behaviors

Select the options provided that best describe potential actions or roles of crisis hotline workers: (Select all that apply) 1. Listen carefully and attentively to the caller. 2. Do not work with the caller to develop structure and build on past successes. 3. Ask for feedback about how they can assist the caller or if the are on track. 4. Reflect feelings and empathize with the caller. 5. Express pity and sympathy to the caller about their circumstances. 6. Provide information, referrals, and help connect to caller to any immediate resources available if needed.

1. Listen carefully and attentively to the caller. 3. Ask for feedback about how they can assist the caller or if the are on track. 4. Reflect feelings and empathize with the caller. 6. Provide information, referrals, and help connect to caller to any immediate resources available if needed.

Which of the following best describes the concepts of coping skills? (Select all that apply) 1. Our ability to handle challenging times in life. 2. Biological factors that help us reduce the impact of stress. 3. Methods we use to help us manage and reduce our experience of stress. 4. None of the items listed.

1. Our ability to handle challenging times in life. 3. Methods we use to help us manage and reduce our experience of stress.

Select which of the following that are examples of protective factors associated with adolescence (Select all that apply) 1. Peer support 2. High tendency to take risks 3. Prior exposure to potentially traumatic events 4. Supportive family relationships

1. Peer support 4. Supportive family relationships

__ (fill in blank)___is a theoretical concept used to describe the experience of growth as a result of overcoming an extremely difficult and challenging, negative occurrences, or traumatic event(s). (select the option that best fits the blank) 1. Posttraumatic growth 2. Social cognitive theory 3. Positive reappraisal 4. Adaptive religious coping

1. Posttraumatic growth

Which of the following are examples of potential Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) that may lead to changes in learning and behavior and Impact social, emotional and cognitive functioning: (Select all that apply) 1. Poverty 2. Neglect 3. None of the examples listed 4. Exposure to parental drug addiction 5. Witness to domestic or family violence 6. Physical Abuse

1. Poverty 2. Neglect 4. Exposure to parental drug addiction 5. Witness to domestic or family violence 6. Physical Abuse

Vicarious trauma is most often associated with effects on individuals in which of the following ways or areas of their lives? (Select all that apply) 1. Professional life and job performance 2. All of the options listed. 3. Feelings hopeless, apathetic, or not interested 4. Heightened motivation 5. Negative thoughts about themselves 6. Personal life and their relationships with friends and family

1. Professional life and job performance 3. Feelings hopeless, apathetic, or not interested 5. Negative thoughts about themselves 6. Personal life and their relationships with friends and family

What about potentially traumatic events is likely to result in the experience of trauma?

Both the nature and severity of the event, and the individual's response to the event.

_____(fill in blank)___ differs from the concept of vicarious trauma because it is more associated with an experience that happens over a longer period of time and can often be improved by changing jobs or doing something new.

Burnout

T/F After experiencing a traumatic event, most people do not experience a clinical mental health disorder and are often able to return to normal functioning within about a year after the traumatic event

True

T/F Evidence-based psychotherapy techniques used to treat PTSD are often to work towards strengthening the link between the frontal lobe and limbic system and integrate old and new information in resolving the trauma.

True

T/F Parental arguments can result in damage and trauma to a developing fetus:

True

T/F Taking time with family, friends, vacation, hobbies, exercise, and maintaining a self-care plan can be useful for those who work with survivors of trauma and crisis in that these actions can help prevent the worker from experiencing the negative emotional effects of their work.

True

T/F The presence of meaningful relationships, resources, and support systems available, such as family and friends, and an ability to learn from prior experience are factors that most commonly impact a person's ability to regain pre-crisis stability.

True

T/F The term secondary traumatic stress is another word used to describe vicarious trauma.

True