Introduction to Interior Design
Bauhaus
Machine for living Form follows function - less is more Stretch to be different Bridging gap between industry and art metal-tubular legs Simple
Furniture in Ancient Greece, Rome and Egypt
Mainly for the wealthy - status symbol Wasn't really used like it is today Wood was expensive
Levels of lighting
1. Accent/mood 2. Ambient 3. Task
Color schemes
1. Analogous 2. Triad 3. Complementary 4. Split complementary 5. Monochromatic 6. Achromatic
LED lamps
1. Light pads - Multidirectional light 2. Super bright 3. Use less power 4. Last 25 years 5. Relatively cold 6. Instant on
Types of luminaires
1. Sconce 2. Pendant 3. Track lights 4. Cable lights 5. Ribbon lights 6. Torchiere 7. Can lights
Parts of a column
1. Stylobate - A continuous base supporting a row of columns 2. Pediment - The triangle on top of the columns
Light bulb types
1. Tubes 2. High pressure sodium 3. Metal halide lamp
De stijl
1917-1931, Netherlands Extreme simplicity Primary colors & Primary values Ideal geometric form
Triad
3 or 4 colors that are equally split on the color wheel
Analogous
3 separate hues that are adjacent to each other on the color wheel
Design Theory
A coherent description, explanation, and representation of observed or experience phenomena Framework for analysis Facilitates the development of the field Application to practical real-world problems Provides evaluative criterion for judging real-world problems
Torchier
A floor mounted torch Casts light on ceiling that bounces off and comes back down (ambient light) - often halogen
Ormolu
A gilding technique of applying finely ground, high - carat gold - mercury amalgam to an object of bronze, and for objects finished this way
Luminaire
A lighting fixture
Third place
A setting beyond work or home that you go to regularly People relax in good company Neutral ground - Occupants have little to no obligation to be there
Sconce
A wall mounted light/Built in light fixture (hardwired) Typically at eye level. Can cause glare unless good shielding Get light right where you need it
How do you neutralize a color?
Add the color with its complement
Tone
Addition of gray to a hue to lower its chroma or intensity
Pendant
Any luminaire that hangs from the ceiling Chandelier (Artichoke pendant - Paul Henningson)
Artifact attachment
Attachment to things
Mystery/Complexity
Being drawn in and around to explore
Need for nature
Biophilia People are happier/healthier in spaces that have nature/are natural
Shade
Darker values that result from adding black to a hue
High pressure sodium
Garbage CRI Everything is orange Takes little amount of energy Replaced with LED Does a good job with green 2500k/50CRI
CRI
Color rendering index International system of measurement used to evaluate light sources based on how well they indicate the true color of an object relative to a standard light source Scale ranges from 0-100 with a CRI of 85 or higher as good and above 90 as excellent
Split complementary
Color scheme in which you pick a hue, go to the complement of it, and step over to the hues on either side
Complementary
Colors opposite of each other on the color wheel
Receding colors
Cool colors - Blue, purple, green
Accent/mood lighting
Decorative lighting used to highlight something in a room
Motifs
Dentil molding Egg and dart
International style
Designing with the idea of proportions Modulisms - based after human body Free the floor from the grip of the ground Free roof space Open floor plan Free facades (lets natural light in) Free of external ornamentation Glass Made to expose structure
Victorian
Electric mixing of styles Industrial revolution - Things became more available to the lower class Scary mix of everything - intimidating Gothic revival, Italianate, Egyptian revival, Oriental revival, Mansard, Stick, Shingle, Queen anne Painted brick
Ribbon lights
Flexible (good for curves), stick them anywhere Great accent lighting
Ambient lighting
General lighting
Boulle work
Gold and tortoise shell
Track lights
Good in places where the lighting has to change Inexpensive A long track of lights
Metal halide lamp
Great CRI Slow warm up Hot Does a bad job with red Picks up cool colors
Prospect/Refuge
Having a place we feel safe in and can see what is going on
Baroque
Heavy Heavily ornamented/fancy Gold and tortoise shell Ball and claw foot
Color Temperature
Higher the kelvin the colder the light
Why was Victorian design despised by the early modernists? Arts and crafts designers?
It had no unity and was chaotic visually heavy To much paint, covered up the joinery - hid the sins of mass Victorian production
Ban of the type "A" incandescent light
January 1, 2014 They don't meet federal energy - efficiency standards
Foot candle
Light intensity - 1 = lighting sufficient for one square foot with one lumen of light
What type of light casts unflattering shadows?
Light that comes either straight up or straight down Placing the dominant light sources above eye level - overhead light
Tint
Lighter values that result from adding white to a hue
Achromatic
No color. White, black, gray
Can lights
No glare, out of sight Ambient lighting
Monochromatic
One hue with its different tints and shades
Orders of columns
Orders: 1. Doric - Very simple, no base, gets thicker at the bottom 2. Ionic - Has the curly capital and a base, thinner than Doric 3. Corinthian - Has a fancy volute, usually with leaves 4. Roman Tuscan - Similar to a Greek Doric column, but it doesn't have fluting - smooth and has necking
Arts and crafts
Rebellion from the machine Made so you could see how they were built Wood - see joints
Complementary colors
Red - Green Blue - Orange Purple - Yellow Opposites on the color wheel
Arch
Romans created the arch Opened up interiors - no need for columns Pushed weight to the sides instead of on top
Chroma
Saturation of intensity of a color, it describes the brightness or dullness of a hue
How are sense of place, meaning of place, and place attachment different?
Sense of place - Stands out as something different/significant Meaning of place - Special meaning to you Place attachment - Feelings of resistance to change of place
Arousal
Stimulation
Tubes
Tends to pull out some colors more than others
Simultaneous contrast
The contrast that occurs when colors placed side by side appear to change; colors appear to vibrate or sing
Chinoiserie
The imitation or evocation of Chinese motifs and techniques in Western art, furniture and architecture, especially in the 18th c.
Lumens
The light that comes out of a lamp
Hue
The pure name of a color
Lamp
The technical name for a lightbulb
Task lighting
Used for a specific purpose
Cable lights
Versatile - Don't have to be attached to the ceiling/walls. Low voltage
Advancing colors
Warm colors - red, orange, yellow
Attention restoration
You can do a task longer if you take mini breaks from it
After image
an image that remains after a stimulus is removed, especially one in which the colors are reversed