Is-290 Test 2

Explain the functioning of browser applications

Used to generate and process the elements between the user and the computer.

Explain the steps to develop an organization's social media information systems (SMIS).

1. Define your goals 2. Identify Success Metrics 3. Identify Target Audience 4. Define your value 5. Make Personal Connections 6. Gather and Analyze Data

Define the symbols and terms used in entity-relationship (E-R) diagrams.

1:N- one to many N:M- many to many 1:1- one to one

What is a computer network? What are the various types of networks?

A computer network is a collection of computers that communicate with one another over transmission lines or wirelessly. Lan and Wan are examples of various types of networks.

What are content delivery networks? Discuss some of its uses.

A content delivery network (CDN) is a system of hardware and software that stores user data in many different geographical locations and makes those data available on demand. A CDN provides a specialized type of PaaS but is usually considered in its own category. A news organization could use a CDN to store copies of its news articles. The CDN vendor replicates articles on servers, possibly worldwide, so as to speed response time. In addition to news articles, CDNs are often used to store and deliver content that seldom changes. For example, the company banner on an organization's Web page might be stored on many CDN servers. Various pieces of the Web page could be obtained from different servers on the CDN.

What is database administration?

A department or person who can ensure that a database will be secure and ensures that the database is efficient and multi user.

Describe a database and its elements.

A self-describing collection of integrated records. Byte- Character of data Columns/fields- bytes grouped Rows/records-columns or field grouped Table/files- a group of similar rows or records

Define workgroup processes, enterprise processes, and inter-enterprise processes.

A workgroup process is a structured process that exists to enable workgroups to fulfill the charter, purpose, and goals of a particular organizational unit. Enterprise processes are structured processes that span an organization and support activities in multiple departments. Inter-enterprise processes are structured processes that span two or more independent organizations.

How do companies earn revenue from social media?

Advertizing or Freemium (free at first then you have to pay

Compare the movement of packages in the U.S. postal system to the movement of packets through the Internet.

Assemble package (packet) Put name on package (domain name) Look up address (DNS) Put address on package (IP ADDRESS) Put registered mail sticker on package (TCP) Ship package (Carriers)

Define the acronym ACID, and describe why ACID transactions are important.

Atomic, consistent, isolated, durable This is useful because it will ensure that the data wont disapeer.

Explain the role of social media (SM) in human resources.

Can be used to hire employees such Linekdin, facebook has recently started incorporating this.

Define the three types of capital listed in business literature.

Capital: The investment of resources for future profit Human Capital: The investment in human knowledge and skills for future profit Social Capital: The investment in social relations with the expectation of returns in the marketplace

Define the cloud, and discuss its attributes.

Cloud- elastic leasing of pooled computer resources over the Internet. Cloud resources are pooled because many different organizations use the same physical hardware; they share that hardware through virtualization. The cloud resources are accessed over the Internet, which refers to a set of standard ways of requesting and receiving services over the Internet.

When does it not make sense to use cloud-based hosting infrastructure?

Cloud-based hosting makes sense for most organizations. The only organizations for which it may not make sense are those that are required by law or by industry standard practice to have physical control over their data. Such organizations might be forced to create and maintain their own hosting infrastructure. A financial institution, for example, might be legally required to maintain physical control over its data.

What is a database application?

Collection of forms, reports, queries and applications programs serves as a link between users and database data.

In the context of new enterprise systems, how should organizations manage employee resistance to change?

Communicate the need for change, train or coach employees, incentivize the change with praise or extra compensation.

Explain the types of data in social media.

Content data- data and responses to data that are contributed by users. Communication data- data about relationships

Explain the role of users in the database development process.

Define, Review and approve

Define dynamic processes and list their characteristics.

Dynamic processes are flexible, informal, and adaptive processes that normally involve strategic and less unstructured managerial decisions and activities. Deciding whether to open a new store location or how best to solve the problem of excessive product returns are examples, as is using Twitter to generate buzz about next season's product line. The characteristics of dynamic processes are: 1. They support strategic and less structured managerial decisions and activities. 2. They are less specific and fluid. 3. They are usually informal. 4. Exceptions are frequent and expected. 5. They are adaptive processes that change structure rapidly and readily.

Define ERP. What is the primary purpose of an ERP system?

ERP- a suite of applications called modules, a database and a set of inherent processes for consolidating business operations into a single, consistent computing platform primary purpose- integration

Define enterprise information systems, and describe their characteristics.

Enterprise information systems are information systems that span an organization and support activities in multiple departments. They typically have hundreds to thousands of users. Procedures are formalized and extensively documented; users undergo formal procedure training. The solutions to problems in an enterprise system usually involve more than one department. Because enterprise systems span many departments and involve potentially thousands of users, they are very difficult to change. Changes must be carefully planned, cautiously implemented, and users given considerable training. Sometimes users are given incentives and other inducements to motivate them to change.

Describe entities in the context of data models.

Entity-Relationshi;p data model is a tool for constructing data models.

State the purposes of the four elements of a database application.

Forms- used to collect data Reports- used for decision making Queries- used to request data Application Programs- used to run the database

What is the fundamental problem of information silos? How can this problem be remedied?

Fundamental problem= data is duplicated in isolated systems, and the fix is to eliminate the duplicated data by storing a single copy of data in a shared database and revising business processes to use that database

What is an IP address? Describe the advantages of private and public IP addresses.

IP address- a number that identifies a particular device, can be public or private. Private IP are only on a particular network and therefore do not have to be unique Public IP addresses are required to be unique and identify a device on the public internet

List the major risks for businesses that indulge in commercial applications of social networking. Discuss any one of them briefly.

Junk and crackpot contributions Inappropriate content Unfavorable Reviews Mutinous Movements: An extension of bad reviews

What are the major sources of user-generated content (UGC) problems?

Junk and crackpot contributions Inappropriate content Unfavorable reviews Mutinous movements

How should organizations respond to social networking problems? Which one of them is a dangerous approach and why?

Leave It Respond to It Delete It The "Leave It" response is the most dangerous approach in the sense that if the content appears too offensive, it can become a public relations negative

What are the four phases of the customer life cycle? Briefly describe each phase.

Marketing- focuses on sending messages to the target market to attract customer prospects Relationship Management- increasing the value of existing customers by selling them more product Loss/Churn- categorizes customers according to value and attempt to win back high value customers Customer Acquisition- strategy defines the best mix of media engagement tools to gain new customers through targeting them and reaching through online and offline customer journeys

What is the purpose of a database?

Organize multi themed data

Define primary key, foreign key, and metadata.

Primary key- a column or group of columns that identifies unique row in a table. Foreign key- keys whose purpose is to link two or more tables together. Metadata- data that describes data

List the functions of an Internet service provider (ISP).

Provides you with a legitimate Internet Address Gateway to the internet Pay for the internet

Explain how social media (SM) can aid inbound and outbound logistics.

SM communities may provide better and faster problem solutions to complex supply chain problems. These people can give feedback.

Explain each element in the SLATES model.

Search- People have more success searching than they do in finding from structured content Links- Links to enterprise resources Authoring- Create enterprise content via blogs, wikis, discussion groups, presentations Tags- Flexible tagging results in folksonomies of enterprise content Extensions- Using usage patterns to offer enterprise content via tag processing Signals- Publishing enterprise content to users based on subscriptions and alerts

What is a digital subscriber line (DSL)?

Sends data over the same lines as telephones

According to Nan Lin, how does social capital add value?

Social Capital adds: Influence Information Social Credentials Personal Reinforcement

Define social media and social media information systems. Name the three SMIS organizational roles.

Social Media- is the use of it to support the sharing of content among networks of users Social media information systems- an is that supports the sharing of content among networks of users Social Media Providers Users Communities

Explain the use of social CRM in sales and marketing activities.

Social media can allow for customers to engage with the company and even customers will help without pay.

Define structured processes and list their characteristics.

Structured processes are formally defined, standardized processes that involve day-to-day operations: accepting a return, placing an order, purchasing raw materials, and so forth. The characteristics of structured processes are: 1. They support operational and structured managerial decisions and activities. 2. They are standardized. 3. They are usually formally defined and documented. 4. Exceptions are rare and not (well) tolerated. 5. Their process structures change slowly and with organizational agony.

Describe a common success metric and explain why it's important.

Success Metric- used to track performance Why imporant? can improve your descision making

What are the steps involved in transforming a data model into a relational database design?

The database development process starts with interviewing users to identify database requirements. Then, requirements are summarized in a data model. Once users have validated the data model, it is transformed into a database design. That design is implemented into database structures.

List the problems associated with information silos.

The problems associated with information silos include: - Data duplication and data inconsistency - Disjointed processes - Limited information and lack of integrated information - Isolated decisions that lead to organizational inefficiencies - Increased expense

Describe the three-tier architecture for Web applications such as e-commerce.

The three tier architecture is an arrangement of user computers and servers into 3 categories. The user tier consists of computers, phones, and other devices. The server tier consists of computers that run Web servers and process application programs. The database tier consists of computers that run a DBMS that processes requests to retrieve and store data.

What are the two dimensions of process quality? How can organizations improve process quality? How do information systems improve process quality?

The two dimensions of process quality are efficiency and effectiveness. Process efficiency is a measure of the ratio of process outputs to inputs. Process effectiveness is a measure of how well a process achieves organizational strategy. Organizations can improve the quality (efficiency and/or effectiveness) of a process in one of three ways: - Change the process structure. - Change the process resources. - Change both process structure and resources. Information systems can be used to improve process quality by: - Performing an activity. - Augmenting a human who is performing an activity. - Controlling data quality and process flow

What are traditional database applications?

Thick applications that are object-oriented languages

How does normalization resolve the data integrity problem?

This may stop data duplication because they are constructed so that every table has a single topic or them

Explain the relevance of cloud-based hosting today.

Three factors have made cloud-based hosting advantageous today. First, processors, data communication, and data storage are so cheap that they are nearly free. Because data communication is so cheap, getting the data to and from that processor is also nearly free. Second, virtualization technology enables the near instantaneous creation of a new virtual machine. The customer provides (or creates in the cloud) a disk image of the data and programs of the machine it wants to provision. Virtualization software takes it from there. Finally, as stated, Internet-based standards enable cloud-hosting vendors to provide processing capabilities in flexible yet standardized ways.

Discuss wireless LAN and PAN connections.

Wireless LAN connections use the IEEE 802.11 protocol. Several versions of 802.11 exist, and as of 2015, the most current one is IEEE 802.11ac. The current standard, 802.11ac, allows speeds of up to 1.3 Gbps, though few users have an Internet connection fast enough to take full advantage of that speed. Bluetooth is another common wireless protocol used to make PAN connections. It is designed for transmitting data over short distances, replacing cables. Devices, such as wireless mice, keyboards, printers, and headphones, use Bluetooth to connect to desktop computers.

Explain the advantage of using social networks to connect to those with more resources.

You have to make sure you find a page similar

Define SaaS, PaaS, and IaaS. Provide an example of each.

a. Software as a Service (SaaS)-provides not only hardware infrastructure, but also an operating system and application programs on top of hardware. i. Example: salesforce.com b. Platform as a Service (PaaS)-vendors provide hosted computers, an operating system and possibly a DBMS. i. Example: Microsoft Azure c. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)-the cloud hosting of a bare server computer or disk drive. i. Example: Hardings Datacenter c

List the functions of enterprise application integration (EAI).

a. connects "islands" via a new layer of software/system b. it enables existing applications to communicate and share data c. it provides integrated information d. it leverages existing systems- leaving functional applications as is, but providing an integration layer over the top e. it enables a gradual movement to ERP

What is the disadvantage of multiuser processing?

lost-update problem

Explain the nature of the database component of an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) solution.

the database houses all the activity processed by ERP application programs and consolidated data.

Describe the roles of social media application providers.

to provide social networks among people with common interests.