ISTM FINAL EXAM
Who does A&M pay for SaaS?
(software as a service) Texas A&M pays -Google for all our emails -Workday for all our Payroll and HR
the ____ character is used to substitute for any number of characters. Adding this tells access to find any records that have any combination of characters before or after the word
**** ex: "*stove*"
cloud that is the combination of private and public. Company can use a public cloud for email and private cloud for sensitive data
hybrid cloud
cloud that is owned and operated by a 3rd party Cloud Service Provider
public cloud ex: GMAIL, Microsoft Azure
a normalized database is...
-free of all anomalies -data is consistent -redundancy is minimalized and controlled -attributes appear multiple times only if they function as foreign keys (my UIN)
2 ways to create a query in access
1) Query Wizard 2) Query Design
we normalize databases to accomplish two important objectives
1) ensure that each table contains data about very specific things 2)we want to limit duplicated or redundant information as much as possible
3 types of relationships between tables in a database
1) one-to-one 2)one-to-many 3) many-to-many
Types of clouds
1) private 2) public 3) hybrid
What are the 3 numbers in databases?
1) zero 2) One 3) Many
What happened last year when AWS went down? (article in canvas)
AWS is the largest cloud-computing service provider in the US. The outage of most of its network was down for most of the day and was extremely noticeable as it affected several types of service. amazon blames it was due to impaired network devices
examples of DSS in this class
Access and Excel
Why Access?
Access is a part of Microsoft Suite that A&M offers us It is a Relational DBMS
Who dominates in the business world with IaaS
Amazon Web Services (AWS) Canvas is located on AWS
Top dogs for PaaS
Amazon's Elastic Beanstalk, Google's App Engine
information about the entity, stored in fields -student ID, birthdays, height
Attributes
IT auditors check out the system _______ the financial auditors look at data
BEFORE they must ensure that what is being produced from the database system can be trusted otherwise the data being produced has no meaning
the products for developing historic, current, and predictive data into information to help business decision makers
Business Intelligence (BI)
using computer resources like a hard drive or software that exists on another computer typically connected by the Internet
Cloud
READ Zach's Case study in Chapter 15, there are 2 questions on the exam What was Zach's database filter?
Complete or Incomplete
uses the query by example (QBE) to provide a graphical way to drag and drop the elements of the query
query design
What new service is Workday bringing to the table>
DaaS: Data as a Service Workday has added a new feature that will analyze other companies and compare your performance against your peers. Will analyze turnover rate, leadership performance, metrics, etc.
computer based systems that support an organization's decision making activities. USER FRIENDLY Began in the 1950's where organizations started using and processing data to support the tactical and strategic decisions to be made.
Decision Support Systems (DSS)
rows contain the data from the fields
records
What website tracks website outages?
DownDetector.com
anything you wish to store data (nouns)- classes, classrooms, students, seats, faculty
ENTITY
Database designers determine the data and information that yield the required understanding of the entire business by using the ______ diagrams
Entity Relationship (ER)
database modeling method used to construct a theoretical and conceptual representation of data to produce a schema.
Entity Relationship Modeling (ERM) simply: it is a picture of the database's tables and how they relate to each other
database modeling method used to construct a theoretical and conceptual representation of data to produce a schema.
Entity relationship Modeling (this is what we do. The ER modeling will produce an ER diagram.)
T/F in TAMU database, my UIN should be documented only once
FALSE, my UIN is my identifier and should be in there multiple times (functions as a foreign key)
examples of dominating CSP for SaaS
Google Apps, Salesforce, Workday
one to one relationship
In databases, a relationship in which each record in Table A can have only one matching record in Table B, and vice versa.
many to many relationship
In databases, a relationship in which one record in Table A can relate to many matching records in Table B, and vice versa.
one of the main categories of cloud computing. (provides everything) It hosts hardware, software, supplies, servers, and storage via the Internet. Customers can use the pay-as-you-go model, eliminating the cost of buying new computers
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
the keyword _____ tells access that we want to search within a field to find a specific value
LIKE
one to many relationship
MOST COMMON In databases, a relationship in which a record in Table A can have multiple matching records in Table B, but a record in Table B has only one matching record in Table A. ex: a customer can place more than one order, but an order will only belong to one customer
READ Zach's Case study in Chapter 15, there are 2 questions on the exam What database did Zach choose?
Microsoft Access
What company is taking a phased approach of taking their 25 markets to Amazon cloud over the next decade?
Nasdaq Inc. AWS is able to scale up and down based on Nasdaq's requests
Pay for a place to develop/customize application software. Cloud provider supplies a computer platform (i.e. Windows) through the Internet. Can scale up or down depending on the demands of the organization
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
is the attribute or combination of attributes that uniquely identifies a specific row in a table
Primary Key
used to find the specific data you need from the database.
Queries
READ Zach's Case study in Chapter 15, there are 2 questions on the exam What does the acronym REO mean?
Real Estate Owned
everything behind the scenes of a database is ____
SQL
by default, access creates a ______ query
Select a select query is used to view the records selected by the query
"On demand" **Replaces traditional on-device software!! CSP installs and operates application software in the cloud to that the cloud user can use. This eliminates the need to install and run application software on the cloud user's own computer if it is already installed in the cloud. Saves businesses enormous amounts of money
Software as a Service (SaaS)
storing or renting space from a CSP. Provides storage infinitely less expensive than a single business
Storage as a Service (StaaS)
T/F DBMS have the ability to store information securely by giving certain end-users access to data and limited access to other end-users
TRUE
T/F we always need to enforce referential integrity
TRUE we can not refer to something that does not exist
used to store the data in Access. Consist of columns which store rows
Tables
T/F dbms systems have the ability to store information securely by giving certain end-users access to data and other end-users limited access
True different levels of security can be implemented by determining who gets to see what and who can update the data
T/F a student's unique information like their name, address, height, etc resides in just one place in the entire DBMS
True this helps avoid.data redundancy and reconciliation errors
READ Zach's Case study in Chapter 15, there are 2 questions on the exam Why did Zach's database not show all REOs?
Zach applied a Filter
What was considered the first database?
a filing cabinet they both organize information based on set of values
each field must contain
a name and data type
One-to-many is an example of what
a relationship
Main advantage and disadvantage of Cloud
advantage: automatically backed up disadvantage: not available without the Internet
CSP What are examples? What must customers agree to?
cloud service provider customers must pay for this service and agree to their Terms of Service agreement (TOS) ex: Amazon, Google, Microsoft, iCloud
two or more fields are combined to form a primary key
composite primary key ex: student table and courses table combine to form a studentxcourse table
Business databases are always distributed on a ______________ for multiple users
computer network, typically the Internet it is centralized
requirements for naming a field
create a meaningful and descriptive name with NO SPACES use only letters and numbers
once a field has data validation, it ensures
data integrity
The structure of a well thought-out DBMS helps avoid what?
data redundancy
Data sheet view vs design view
data sheet view is the data answers design view is structure and format
Insuring a field is populated with usable data is called what?
data validation
rules to help ensure the data's integrity techniques attempted to avoid input errors like typing mistakes
data validation
the set of related tables form a
database
What does data integrity mean?
database integrity techniques attempt to avoid data input errors like typing errors. Keeps the garbage out!
DBMS
database management system
used to automate the process of extracting the information we need
database queries
a problem that occurs when certain information is deleted that should not have been
delete anomaly
to import records into an access database or to export from a database, use this
external data menu
columns/attributes
fields
used to link tables together. It is an attribute in one table and primary key in the other
foreign key
overlay data tables and queries for more specific views of data
forms
present the data from a table in a separate window one record at a time. Helpful when entering new data into a table
forms
what symbol represents the "many" relationship
infinity symbol
a problem that occurs when records are inserted and not complete
insert anomaly
A linking table has a composite primary key which means..
it has two primary keys
Field properties
modify the field field size input mask default value validation rule required property
READ Zach's Case study in Chapter 15, there are 2 questions on the exam What was the most important thing Zach's predecessor told him during his initial training
never distribute an incomplete REO (real estate ownership) Fact Sheet
the process of organizing tables and relationships between tables in a database
normalization
a well structured database=
normalized database
as a Service means we are _____
paying for this!
cloud that is exclusive to a single business/ organization
private cloud ex: typically used by government agencies/ financial companies with sensitive data
Ensures that there will be no update anomaly problem with foreign keys
referential integrity rule this makes sure that a foreign key is never referring to something that DNE ex: the librarian can't check out a book to a UIN that DNE
Display database information on screen or on paper
reports
allow you to organize and present the data in your database. Used to present the data in a meaningful way
reports
Used to find specific populations (subsets) within databases
saved query files
"map" of data tables and their relationships to one another
schema
syntax of SQL
select from where order
data types for fields include
short text long text number date/time auto number yes/no OLE object hyperlink attachment calculated lookup wizard
most widely used standard computer language for relational databases as it allows a programmer to manipulate and query data
structured query language most common use to to query tables
All student records at TAMU are in the student _____
table
At its core a database is made up of files called ______________ that are related to each other.
tables
What are the four possible types of tasks we can do in access?
tables queries forms reports
Where is a cloud and how is it connected?
the cloud is off-site and connected to the internet
T/F In TAMU database, my name, bday, SS, should be documented only once
true
a problem that occurs when updates are inconsistent
update anomaly
things that help people see without needing computer training
user friendly
palandrome
word and numbers that can be read forward and backwards ex: December 3, 2021 12/3/21
