J Vocabulary
multitudes
a great number
ornithologist
a specialist in a branch of zoology that deals with birds
assault
a violent attack with physical means
nocturnal
done, held, or occurring in the night
pulpits
elevated platforms from which preachers speak
manufacturing
engaged in the process or operation of making wares or other material products by hand or by machinery especially when carried on systematically with division of labor
wistful
full of timorous longing or unfulfilled desire; wishful
shoal
having little depth; shallow
nebulous
lacking clarity; indistinct or vague
seceded
left a group; quit
hindered
made slow or difficult the course or progress of
intimidated
made timid or fearful
confronted
met face to face with something or someone (sometimes dangerous or dreaded)
immune
not responsive or susceptible
eccentric
odd or irregular in behavior or appearance; deviating from some established type, pattern, or rule
utmost
of the greatest or highest degree
culprit
one accused or guilty of an offense or crime
sweltering
oppressively hot
indigenous
origination or developing or produced naturally in a particular land or region or environment
traversed
passed through (something); went or traveled across or over
meditation
pondering or reflecting on
appreciation
recognition through the senses especially with delicacy of perception
chafed
rubbed with such pressure that much wear or irritation is caused; pressed or strained especially against restraint
contented
satisfied; made happy
domiciled
settled in or provided with an actual dwelling place that is one's permanent and principal home
strictures
severe criticisms
pageant
show, spectacle, exhibition
resisted
strived against; tried to impede; refused to comply with
twitters
the chirping sounds of birds
hermitage
the habitation of one that retires from society and lives in solitude; a secluded residence or private retreat
persecution
the infliction of sufferings, harm, or death on those who differ (as in origin, religion, or social outlook) in a way regarded as offensive or meriting being stopped
illicitly
unlawfully, illegally, illegitimately
discreetly
unobtrusively; unnoticeably
condescended
went or came down
fury
wild and passionate anger; rage
pinions
wings
piety
zealousness and dutifulness in observation of religious rites or practices
pang
a sudden short attack of mental pain; a feeling of piercing mental anguish
literate
able to read and write
derived
acquired, got, or drew (as something pleasant or beneficial)
revelation
an act of revealing; a striking disclosure
predilection
an attitude of mind that predisposes one to favor or have a strong liking for something
transaction
an exchange or transfer of goods, services, or funds
optimism
an inclination to hopefulness and confidence
asylum
an institution for the care of the insane
dilatory
characterized by procrastination or delay
ramrod
characterized by rigidity, severity, or stiffness
consolation
comfort; relief; alleviation of distress or misery
covey
company, crowd, band
demure
composed, quiet, and reserved; modest
divining
conjecturing, supposing, inferring
rebukes
criticizes sharply; censures severely
compassion
deep feeling for and understanding of misery or suffering and the accompanying desire to relieve it
wallowing
devoting oneself entirely
distaste
disinclination, dislike, aversion, repugnance
peculiarities
distinguishing characteristics; distinctive features
zest
eagerness and keenness in doing, making, encountering, or experiencing
compelled
forced or caused irresistibly
taciturn
habitually silent; marked by a lack of expressiveness, amiability, or sociability
vapid
having lost the appeal of liveliness, tang, briskness, or force
malevolent
having, showing, or indicative of intense often vicious ill will, or intent to do evil
pettishly
in a fretful or peevish manner; irritably
affectionately
in a loving or tender manner
inaudibly
in a manner impossible to hear
fretfully
in a peevish manner; in an impatient or restless manner
apprehensively
in an uneasily fearful manner; with dread
provoking
inciting to anger
detention
keeping in confinement or under restraint
slumbering
lying dormant or latent
assuaged
made less severe or violent; reduces to a state of peace, calm, or quiet
aggressive
marked by obtrusive energy and self-assertiveness; demanding or attracting attention; forceful
subtler
more delicate, more elusive; harder to distinguish or describe
elusive
not easily comprehended or defined
liberal
not strict or rigorous; not narrow in mind
ponderous
of very great weight because of massive size resulting in inertness
apothecary
one who prepares and sells drugs or compounds for medicinal purposes
impotent
powerless; without strength or vigor
proffered
presented for acceptance; proposed or suggested a readiness and willingness
premonition
previous warning, notice, or information; anticipation of an event without conscious reason
scanted
provided with a meager or inadequate portion, supply, or allowance
dependent
something attached to something else; relying on another for support
torment
something that agitates, troubles, or pains; someone that causes vexation or pain
bounty
something that is given generously; generosity
diverted
turned aside; redirected
entity
something that has objective or physical reality and distinctness of being and character
squalor
the quality or state of being dirty and filthy from slovenly neglect
unsullied
unsoiled; unstained
teemed
was full of; was abundant with
graciously
with kindness and courtesy
alleged
asserted to be true or to exist; questionably true or of the kind specified
tyrannical
behaving as if an absolute ruler; given to oppressive, harsh, unjust, or arbitrary behavior or exercise of power
solitary
being, living, or going alone or without companions; single, individual, sole
stirred
caused to move or be disturbed, especially slightly; aroused
plaguy
causing irritation or annoyance
amicable
characterized by friendship and goodwill
sociable
inclined by nature to community life
naïve
innocent or simple; marked by lack of experience or learning
genre
a category of artistic, musical, or literary composition characterized by a particular style, form, or content
attribute
a characteristic of a person or thing
virtue
a characteristic, quality, or trait known of felt to be excellent
humidity
a combination of warmth and moisture
circumstance
a condition, fact, or event accompanying, conditioning, or determining another
violation
a failing to show due respect for; disregard of
conceit
a fanciful notion
grudge
a feeling of deep-seated resentment or ill will
arrogance
a feeling or an impression of superiority manifested in an overbearing manner or presumptuous claims
remorse
a gnawing distress arising from a sense of guilt for past wrongs
triumph
a great success or achievement
flagstone
a hard, evenly stratified stone
liniment
a liquid or semiliquid alcohol, oily, or soapy preparation of consistency thinner than an ointment for application to the skin with friction
prose
a literary medium distinguished from poetry by its greater irregularity and variety of rhythm, its closer correspondence to the patterns of everyday speech, and its more detailed and factual definition of idea, object, or situation
illusion
a misleading image presented to the vision; something that deceives or misleads intellectually
eminence
a natural elevation; a piece of rising ground
depression
a period of low general economic activity marked by mass unemployment, deflation, a decreasing use of resources and a low level of investment
vantage
a place especially suited to give a comprehensive view or a commanding perspective
pledge
a promise or agreement by which one binds himself to do or forbear something
pretext
a purpose or motive alleged or an appearance assumed in order to cloak the real intention or sate of affairs
protocol
a record of experimental observations
scrutiny
a searching study or inquiry; close inspection
inkling
a slight indication or suggestion
whack
a smart or resounding blow
slouch
a soft hat with a wide flexible brim
faculties
a special mental endowment; natural aptitude
ecstasy
a state of exaltation or rapturous delight
desperation
a state of hopelessness leading to rashness
defiance
a state of opposition; bold resistance against
ferment
a state of unrest or agitation, or the active working out of change in an individual or society
conviction
a strong persuasion or belief; the state of being convinced
dissertation
a substantial paper that is submitted to the faculty of a university by a candidate for an advanced degree
jolt
a sudden feeling of shock, surprise, or disappointment
definable
able to be specified to have a particular function or operation
brusquely
abruptly, curtly, bluntly, bluffly
spontaneous
acting, done or occurring without external cause; voluntary, without external incitement
anecdotage
advanced age that is accompanied by a strong tendency to reminisce and tell stories of past incidents
smote
affected as if by striking forcefully or abruptly
maniacal
affected with or suggestive of madness
leeway
allowable variation; tolerance
temptation
allurement, enticement
consternation
amazement or dismay that hinders or throws into confusion
ludicrous
amusing or laughable through obvious absurdity, incongruity, exaggeration, or eccentricity
inception
an act, process, or instance of beginning
hypothesis
an assumption or concession make for the sake of argument
memoir
an autobiographical account often anecdotal or intimate in tone whose focus of attention is usually on the persons, events, or times known to the writer
crux
an essential point requiring resolution or resolving an outcome
self-consequence
an exaggerated estimate of one's own importance or merit
investment
an expenditure of money for income or profit or a purchase of something of intrinsic value
notion
an idea, or belief held by someone
capacity
an individual mental or physical ability; a faculty or potential of treating, experiencing, or appreciating
aloof
apart, remote
external
arising or acting from outside
assailed
attacked forcefully or violently by non physical means (as with words)
imputed
attributed accusingly
conscious
aware, knowing; realized or recognized by the doer
sensible
aware; not unmindful
sass
back talk; impudent speech
underlying
basic, fundamental
twinkly
beaming, smiling
gamboling
bounding or springing as in dancing or play; skipping about
generates
brings into existence
evoked
called forth or up; summoned
implores
calls upon in supplication; asks humbly or earnestly
composure
calmness, or repose especially in frame of mind or in bearing or appearance
equivalent
capable of being placed in one-to-one correspondence; equal in value, amount, importance, etc.
intelligible
capable of being understood or comprehended
toted
carried; bore
executing
carrying out fully and completely; performing, effecting
altered
cause to become different in some particular characteristic without being changed into something else
formidable
causing fear, dread, or apprehension
modifications
changes to something that do not fundamentally alter it
premeditated
characterized by fully conscious willful intent and a measure of forethought and planning
highfalutin
characterized by or reflecting an attitude of self-importance or superciliousness; pretentious
clambered
climbed awkwardly; scrambled
surveillance
close and continuous observation for the purpose of direction, supervision, or control
scrutiny
close investigation or examination of details
kinky
closely twisted or curled
incorporation
combining (ingredients) into one consistent whole; uniting intimately
engrossed
completely occupied or absorbed
cramped
compressed, restrained, confined
gestation
conception and development especially in the mind
superficial
concerned only with the obvious or apparent; presenting only an appearance without substance or significance
disoriented
confused as to aim or purpose
anticipated
considered in advance
mulling
considering or talking over the aspect of
components
constituent parts
indefatigable
continues or proceeds unremittingly and without becoming wearied
chinks
cracks, crevices, crannies
derring-do
daring action
cope
deal effectively or contend successfully with a person or task
dilapidated
decayed, deteriorated, or fallen into partial ruin especially because of neglect or misuse
haranguing
declaiming; protesting forcefully
testimony
declaration or statement
hinders
delay, impedes or prevents action
dallying
delaying; wasting time
denigrates
denies the importance or validity of; casts aspersions on
compactly
densely; closely together
decamping
departing suddenly; running away
melancholy
depressed in spirits
didactic
designed or intended to teach
peculiarity
difference from the usual or normal
dingy
dirty, soiled, discolored; dark, dull, or drab in color; shabby, mean, squalid
repugnant
distasteful to a high degree
willful
done deliberately
rousted
drove (as from bed)unceremoniously or roughly
symmetry
due or balanced proportions; harmony
expiring
dying, coming to an end
ardently
eagerly; passionately
manifest
easily understood; obvious; readily perceived by the senses and especially by the sight
brink
edge, margin, borders; border line; the point of onset
exertion
effort
civilized
enlightened; refined and educated
alluring
enticing by charm or attraction
encompass
envelop, enwrap, include
adequate
equal to, or fully sufficient for a specified or implied requirement
extravagance
excess or prodigality
intercourse
exchange or interchange especially of thought and feeling between persons
monopoly
exclusive possession
fagged
exhausted by toil, drudgery, or sustained heavy activity
potential
existing in possibility, capable of development into actuality
vindication
exoneration; justification, defense
subjects
exposes to
ashamed
feeling guilt or disgrace
resourceful
fertile in devising ways and means; able to meet situations
criticizes
finds fault with; points out the faults of
conflagration
fire
expedient
fit, proper, or advantageous under the circumstances
limber
flabby, limp, weak
constraints
forces that impose stricture, restriction, or limitations
pronouncements
formal declarations of opinion, judgement, or estimation
corrugated
formed into folds or furrows
undulating
forming or moving in waves
sterile
free from living micro-organisms such as bacteria
sober
free from the influence of intoxicating beverages
assurance
freedom from doubt
acceded
gave in to a request or demand; consented to
imparted
gave or granted, or gave rise to
benign
gentle; mild; kindly
consigned
given over to another's charge, custody, or care
evolution
gradual development, especially from a simple to a more complex form
methodical
habitually proceeding according to method
pollinated
had pollen applies to the stigma of (a flower or plant)
fragrant
having a sweet smell
whimsical
having a tendency to unpredictably change one's mind or conduct
significant
having or likely to have influence or effect
competence
he state of being adequately qualified or capable
accumulated
heaped up in a mass; piled up
conferred
held conversation now typically on important, difficult, or complex matters
elation
high spirits
shiftless
idle, lazy; lacking resourcefulness; inefficient
custody
immediate charge and control
denoted
implicated; indirectly notified
intimation
implication, indirect notification
ineptitude
inappropriateness, incompetence
impenetrable
incapable of being accessed into or through
implacable
incapable of being relieved or mitigated
infallible
incapable of error
foreshadowing
indicating beforehand
prepossessed
influenced or affected strongly beforehand
vehement
intense, severe; full of energy
fervor
intensity of feeling or expression
construed
interpreted (words or actions)
loitered
interrupted or delayed an activity with or as if with aimless idle stops and pauses and purposeless distractions
bullyragged
intimidated by an overbearing swaggering demeanor or by threats
profane
irreverent; blasphemous
raspy
irritating; harsh; grating
vexation
irritation; distress
affable
kind and courteous
distraction
lack of concentration; confusion
diffidence
lack of self-confidence causing hesitation in acting or speaking
flawless
lacking imperfection
indelicate
lacking in or offending against propriety; improper
oblivious
lacking mindful attention; unaware
devoid
lacking; free from
momentary
lasting a very short time
resemblance
likeness
coherent
logically consistent and ordered
coherent
logically or aesthetically ordered or integrated; having clarity or intelligibility
faltering
losing drive or effectiveness
counterfeit
made in fraudulent imitation of something else with intent to deceive
counteracted
made ineffective by opposite force; hindered
fatigued
made weary or exhausted from labor, exertion, or stress
splendor
magnificence; grandeur
reproduced
make a copy
pungle
make a payment or contribution of; pay up; hand over
transcribing
making a written copy of; paraphrasing or summarizing in writing
conjecturing
making or forming suppositions; guessing
contemptuous
manifesting, feeling, or expressing disdain
maladroit
marked by a lack of dexterity or skill
annotating
marking or furnishing especially critical or explanatory notes usually on a literary work or subject
tampering
meddling with or making unauthorized changes
ruthless
merciless, pitiless, relentless, unsparing
temperance
moderation in action, thought, or feeling
brassier/gaudier
more pretentious and showier
thrashed
moved or flung the limbs about violently or in panic
reciprocity
mutual dependence, action, or influence
pecking
nagging; finding fault; scolding or urging
endowments
natural capacities, powers, or abilities
inclination
natural disposition; a particular disposition of mind or character
sympathetic
not discordant or antagonistic; appropriate to one's mood, inclinations, or disposition; favorably inclined
obstinate
not easily subdued, remedied, or removed
authentic
not false or imitation; worthy of acceptance or belief as conforming to or based on fact
misunderstood
not sympathetically appreciated
intervening
occurring, falling, or coming between pints of time or events
aqueous
of or like water
pecuniary
of or relating to money
substantial
of substance; real, true; important, essential
delegation
one or more persons representative of other or something
critic
one who engages often professionally in the analysis, evaluation, or appreciation of works of art or artistic performances
guardian
one who has or is entitled or legally appointed to the care and management of a person
proprietor
one who has the legal right or exclusive title to something such as property; owner
conventional
ordinary, commonplace; of traditional design; lacking originality or individuality
flabbergasted
overwhelmed with shock, surprise, or wonder (as by extraordinary statements or unexpected news)
devastating
overwhelming; highly effective
efficiency
performance of a task with little or no waste of effort
admittance
permission to enter (a place)
intact
physically and functionally complete
miniatures
portraits or other paintings done on a very small scale (as on ivory or metal)
status
position or rank in relation to others
obsessed
preoccupied; mentally dominated
wended
proceeded o (one's way); went on
intoxicating
producing strong excitement of mind or feelings (as from joy or pleasure)
discretion
prudence, circumspection, tact, wariness; restraint, moderation, delicacy
amending
putting right; correcting, rectifying
queries
question, inquiries; questions in the mind, doubts
sedate
quiet, dispassionate; of a staid, sober, or grave nature or constitution
considerable
rather large in extent or degree
complaisance
ready disposition to please or comply
credulous
ready or inclined to believe especially on slight or uncertain evidence
perceived
regarded mentally in a specified manner
charitable
related to or connected with giving to those in need
rapport
relation characterized by harmony, conformity, accord, or affinity
stereotyped
repeated by rote or without variation; lacking originality or individuality
repulsive
repellent to the mind; arousing aversion or disgust
assonance
repetition of vowels without repetition of consonants (as in stony and holy) used an alternative to rhyme in verse
impatience
restlessness or shortness of temper (as under irritation, delay, or opposition)
petulance
rudeness; insolence
dominates
rules, controls; exerts the supreme determining or guiding influence on
sluices
rushing or pouring streams
collusion
secret agreement or cooperation especially for an illegal or deceitful purpose
soliciting
seeking; inviting
transmits
sends or conveys from one person or place to another
discerning
sensing or coming to know or recognizing mentally especially something that is hidden or obscure
earnest
serious
indicative
serving to indicate
reminiscent
serving to remind
confided
shared or imparted secrets or intimate matters
shuddering
shivering or trembling, especially convulsively from fear, cold, repugnance, etc.
cordiality
sincere affection and kindness
toils
something by which one is held fast, entangled, or involved in seemingly inescapable difficulties
incentives
something that incites or has tendency to incite to determination or action
trifle
somewhat; to some extent
stipulated
specified as a condition or requirement of an agreement or offer
drawled
spoke slowly especially as a matter of habit with greatly prolonged vowels
straggly
spread out or scattered irregularly and without planned order
perseverance
steadfastness; determination to continue
abruptness
steepness
embargo
stoppage, impediment; prohibition
valor
strength of mind that enables a person to encounter danger with firmness; personal bravery
rectitude
strict observance of standards of integrity and honesty
overhauled
subjected to strict examination with a view to correction or repair
hitched
suddenly halted; stopped
invalid
suffering from disease or disability
conjured
summoned up; caused to appear or disappear as if by magic
censors
supervisors or inspectors authorized to examine printed matter, films, news, etc., before public release , and to suppress any parts on the grounds of obscenity, immorality, etc.
conceived
taken into one's mind; conceptualized
ensuing
taking place afterward or as a result
gaudy
tastelessly or extravagantly bright or showy
censure
the act of blaming, finding fault with, or condemning sternly
debasement
the act of lowering the quality, character, value and dignity of
discrimination
the act of marking or perceiving the distinguishing or peculiar features of
contemplation
the act of surveying with the eyes or in the mind
sympathy
the act or capacity of entering into or sharing the feelings or interests of another
soundings
the action or process of measuring the condition of something
complexion
the appearance or impression of a person or thing; general appearance
ridicule
the arousing of laughter, mockery, or scorn at someone or something; derision
characterization
the artistic representation (as in fiction or drama) of human character or motives
adjustment
the bringing into proper, exact, or conforming position or condition
investment
the commitment of something to a long-term interest or project
identity
the distinguishing character or personality of an individual
commendation
the expression of approval; praise
expense
the financial burden involved in a course of action of living
conception
the origination of something in the mind
essence
the permanent as contrasted with the accidental element of being; the individual, real, or ultimate nature of a thing
persona
the personality that a person projects in public
extent
the point or degree to which something extends
recollection
the power of recalling to the mind
lucidity
the presumed state of being able to perceive the truth directly and instantaneously
dimensions
the quality of spatial extension; size, scope, extent
senility
the quality or state of having the adverse characteristics of old age
rehabilitation
the restoration of something damaged or deteriorated to a prior, good condition
propriety
the standard of what is socially acceptable in conduct, behavior, or speech
perturbation
the state of being mentally disturbed; agitation; anxiety
boredom
the state of being weary and restless through lack of interest
fortitude
the strength or firmness of mind; courage
conservatism
the tendency to accept an existing fact, order, situation, or phenomenon and to be cautious toward or suspicious of change; moderate, avoiding extremes
reductionism
the tendency to or the principle of analyzing complex things into simple constituents
syntax
the way in which words are put together to form sentence parts such as phrases or clauses
altruists
those who hold unselfish regard for or devotion to the welfare of others
apprehensions
thoughts of anticipation especially of unfavorable things
obtruded
thrust out; pushed or extended into sight
contradict
to assert the contrary of; to imply the opposite or a denial of
deduce
to derive by logical process
hanker
to desire strongly and persistently
subscribe
to enter one's name for a publication or service
peruse
to examine or consider or survey with some attention and typically for the purpose of discovering or noting one or more specific points
conceptualize
to form a concept of ; to interpret conceptually
reshape
to give a new form or orientation to
embody
to make concrete and perceptible
navigate
to make one's way on, about, or through
ascertain
to make sure; to find out or learn with certainty
meddle
to occupy oneself with what is not one's concern
coincide
to occur at the same time or occupy the same period of time
contribute
to play a significant part in bringing about an end or result
insinuate
to push, work or introduce slowly, carefully, or by a roundabout way
undertake
to put oneself under obligation to perform
budge
to start or cause to move
interfere
to take part in or intervene; to meddle
participate
to take part; to have a part or share in something
collaborate
to work jointly with others or together, especially in an intellectual endeavor
discharged
took care of by way of payment
wallowed
tossed oneself about helplessly or frantically
endeavoring
trying earnestly
anxiety
uneasiness of mind
exultation
very great or triumphant joy
spry
vigorously active; lively
frenzied
violently agitated or temporarily without self-control
desirous
wishful; hopeful
supercilious
with an air of contemptuous indifference or superiority
memorable
worth remembering, notable
craved
yearned for; wanted greatly
indulge
yield or give in freely to
