Jour 101 - Final Exam

The case of John Peter Zenger helped establish ____________________ as a defense against libel.

Truth

The only major case where the press was restricted from covering the trial was __________.

US vs Noriega

This law, passed after the attacks of September 11, 2001, increased surveillance and severely curtailed the freedom of the press

USA Patriot Act

The magazine Crisis, giving voice to African American writers, was launched by ________________.

WEB DuBois

In 1963, _________ anchored the first half house nightly news program for CBS

Walter Cronkite

The Washington Post inspired an entire generation of journalists with its investigative reporting of what major event?

Watergate

alternative papers

Weekly newspapers that serve specialized audiences such as racial minorities, gays and lesbians, and young people.

The free speech case of Phelps v Snyder involved this religious group

Westboro Baptist Church

Joseph Pulitzer started the practice of putting a story "above the fold"

A major story given a prominent place at the top of the front page

This Detroit-based record label had a huge impact on the music business, and brought music by African American artists to the public at large.

Motown Records

a term used by the recording industry prior to 1949 to refer to recordings by popular black artists

race records

genre rose out of the hip-hop culture in New York City in the 70s and 80s. It emerged from clubs where DJS played and remixed different records

rap music

a style of music popularized on radio that combined elements of white hillbilly music and black rhythm

rock n roll

native advertising

Advertising materials mixed in with articles and written by staff writers designed to look like editorial content rather than paid advertising

This classification is given to an invasion of privacy that publishes untrue statements that alter a person's public image

False light

In 1920, the first commercial radio station was launched. What are its call letters?

KDKA

Photographer Margaret Bourke-White became widely known for her work with ___________ magazine.

Life

service magazines

Magazines that primarily contain articles about how to do things in a better way. These articles cover such topics as health advice, cooking tips, employment help, and fashion guides.

Gregg Gillis, aka Girl Talk, is what kind of musician?

Mash-up artist

In 1833, Benjamin Day began publishing this newspaper, which focused on facts over opinion.

New York Sun

While it serves a major US city, this newspaper is the most influential one across the country.

New York Times

In 1923, Edward L Bernays also taught the first academic course in public relations. At what university was the course taught?

New York University

R&B and soul music was known before 1949 as....

Race records

The ROPES process centers on the idea that public relations is concerned with creating, developing, and nurturing

Relationships

This magazine, launched in 1821, was the first national medium, with readers across the country.

Saturday Evening Post

What notable event in American history did Mathew Brady and his team extensively document?

The Civil War

The broadcasting era that spanned from the late 1920 to the 1940s was known as

The Golden of Radio

The PR profession rose to prominence during what era?

World War I?

The US government launched the Committee on Public information as a public relations tool after the US became involved in what international event?

World War II

William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer's papers ran sensationalized coverage that came to be known as ___

Yellow Journalism

magazine

a periodical that contains articles of lasting interest

While the public can view a court trial, there has been debate about whether ____________ should be allowed in the courtroom.

cameras

An album by a solo artist or group that contains related songs on a common theme or even a story (rather than a collection of unrelated hits or covers)

concept album

chains

corporations that control a significant number of newspapers and other media outlets

songs recorded by someone other than the original artist

cover

the name of the heavily produced techno dance club dance music of the 70s

disco

a musical group composed of several women singers

girl groups

a cultural movement that originated in the 70s and 80s that features four main elements, Mcing, or rapping over music; Djing or playing recorded music that multiple sources

hip-hop

tabloid newspaper

newspapers with a half page format that usually have a cover rather than a traditional front page like the larger broadsheet papers

trade magazines

published for people who work in a particular industry or business

jazz journalism

A lively, illustrated style of newspapering popularized by the tabloid papers in the 1920s.

gramophone

A machine invented by Emile Berliner that could play prerecorded sound on flat discs rather than cylinders

high fidelity

A combination of technologies that allowed recordings to reproduce music more accurately, with higher high notes and deeper bass, than was possible with previous recording technologies

above the fold

A term used to refer to a prominent story; it comes from placement of a news story in a broadsheet newspaper above the fold in the middle of the front page

News story generated coverage that eventually led to abc's nightline

American hostages held in Iran

digital-first strategy

An approach to magazine publishing where online and electronic editions are more important than preserving circulation and revenue from print editions

phonograph

An early sound-recording machine invented by Thomas Edison; the recorded material was played back on a cylinder

What international radio broadcaster reaches a huge audience with programming from around the world?

BBC

What did PR efforts by Rita Hayworth and Rihanna mentioned in the text have in common?

Both were part of stories announcing they've won nonexistent awards

The ______ take on classic American rock n roll blues and RB transformed rock n roll

British invasion

William Paley launched ____________, NBC's rival broadcasting network.

CBS

What's the most popular type of content in a consumer magazine?

Celebrity and entertainment coverage

Had work published in the Saturday Evening Post

Cooper, Stowe, Hawthorne

What amendment of the U.S constitutions is at the core of all American laws concerning the media?

First Amendment

One of the first lady's magazines?

Godey's Lady's books

Emile Berliner invented a machine that played prerecorded sound on flat discs. What was it called?

Gramophone

How did Emile Berliner help develop the concept of the recording industry?

Gramophone discs could be reproduced from a master copy, and mass produced

wireless telegraph

Guglielmo Marconi's name for his point-to-point communication tool that used radio waves to transmit messages

Who is credited with inventing photojournalism in the mid-nineteenth century

Mathew Brady

Samuel S. McClure was the most famous of a group of reform-minded journalists focused on investigative reporting in the early twentieth century. They were called _______________.

Muckrakers

The entrepreneur garnered publicity by writing letters to the editor under fake names, accusing himself of fraud

PT Barnum

Thomas Edison invented an early sound-recording machine known as...

Phonograph

Annie Leibovitz became a key player in what aspect of magazine publishing?

Photography

Coined "muckraker"

President Theodoore Roosevelt

This act, defined as publishing malicious writing against the U.S. Government, became a crime in the late 1700s, and again during World War I.

Sedition

Soap operas got their name because the show's commercials featured these products.

Soap and cleaning products

Prior to sound recordings and broadcasting, people played and sang music in their homes or in public settings. This was known as _____________________.

Social music

In 1979 this device was introduced and had a great influence on the way people listen to music and sound

Sony Walkman

broadsheet newspapers

Standard-sized newspapers, which are generally 17 by 22 inches

Ivy Lee, one of the founders of modern PR, focused on campaigns built around the importance of ____________ .

Symbolism

Ivy Lee is remembered for his advice to John D. Rockefeller Jr. to __________ because "sooner or later the public will find out anyway."

Tell the truth

a company that provides common programming to a large group of broadcast stations

network

CNN became a television news leader during what major news event?

The Gulf War

mainstreaming

The effort by newspapers such as the Los Angeles Times to include quotations by minorities and women in stories that aren't about minority issues

telegraph

The first system for using wires to send messages at a distance; invented by Samuel Morse in 1844

What piece of legislation aided the distribution of magazines

The postal act of 1879

The term "penny press" referred to what?

The price was one to two pennies per issue

David Sarnoff outlined radio's potential as a popular mass medium in what document?

The radio music box memo

What would an internal audience be an important public for a company to consider

They work for the company

New York Times v Sullivan established ________ as a new standardfor libel.

actual malice

halftone

an image produced by a process in which photographs are broken down into a series of dots that appear in shades of gray on the printed page

the person who puts together the right mix of songs, songwriters, technicians, and performers to create an album

producer

consumer magazines

publications targeting an audience of like-minded consumers

literary magazines

publications that focus on serious essays and short fiction

Rather than looking for examples of bias in the news, media sociologist Herbert Gans set out to find the actual values exhibited within the stories themselves. He found eight enduring values in the stories he studied. They include:

ethnocentrism, alturistic democracy, and responsible capitalism

a record format introduced by Columbia Records in 1948. The more durable LP could reproduce twenty-three minutes of high quality music on each of two sides and was a technological improvement over the 78-rpm

long-playing record

non-notated music

music such as a folk song or jazz solo that does not exist in written form

music that people play and sing for one another in the home or other ____ settings

social music

cover titles

teaser headlines on magazine covers used to shock, intrigue, or titillate potential buyers

photojournalism

the use of photographs to portray the news in print

Kraft capitalized on a minor shortage for this cheese product, and turned it into an opportunity to discuss the product across social media, gaining free publicity.

velveeta

community press

weekly and daily newspapers serving individual communities or suburbs instead of an entire metropolitan area

Guglielmo Marconi created ______, which used radio waves to transmit messages

wireless telegraph