juvenile justice exam 2
13. According to self-report data, gang members account for about ____ out of every 10 violent crimes.
a. 2 b. 4 c. 6 d. 8***********
9. According to National Youth Gang Survey data, about _____ of all gang members are females?
a. 23% b. 14% c. 11% d. 7%********
16. Controlling or eliminating locations gang members frequent or own is done through procedures called what?
a. Civil service b. Property injunctions c. Headquarters forfeiture d. Civil abatement ************
12. Which of the following is the most rare gang behavior?
a. Drinking b. Gambling c. Companionship d. Violence**********
33. when considering to interrogate a youth police must what
consider the age of the child
42. which of the following is not noted in the text as being used by police to combat underaged alcohol use
cops against hops
3. in statutory definitions of gangs the only true common feature is
criminal activity (delinquent activity)
65. which SC case ruled mandatory life w/o parole sentences for juvenile s
miller v alabama
40. according to the text the major problem with involving police in probation supervision is what?
mission distortion
55 which of the following is true about sentences for transferred adults
most sentence disparity occurred with violent juvenile offenders
68 in ____________ the SC court ruled that school officials may search students based on reasonable suspicision
none of the above
54the requirement that all or certain categories of youth placed in criminal courts must auto be processed in adult courts for any subsequent offense
once an adult always an adult provision
4. early gang research relied on the use of what?
participation observation
36. in tennessee v garner
police may shoot anyone that causes harm to them or to others
24.who is responsible for teaching drug use resistance education programs
police officers
46 according to the text when police take a youth into custody the most likely outcome is what
referral to juvenile cour t/authority
35. which of the following is not a reason given for youths to confess falsely
release them to parental custody
6, how do most agencies classify individuals as gang members
self identifcation
66. which supreme court case has ruled on preventive detention
shaw v martin
22. out patient drug free programs may include all of the following except:
short term stays in the therapeutic community
57 if state law stipulates that certain offences such as murder go automatically to adult criminal court
statutory exclusion
60 which of the following undermines the intended guarantees of Kent v US
statutory exclusion
32. the traditional rule governing the taking of fingerprints and photograph of youths taken into custody was
taken with judicial permission
21. which drug method involves the use of a supportive college structure family like atmosphere
therapeutic community
25. programs that encourage parents to us strong measures against their children are called what
tough love
53. according to the text what has been the traditional procedure for switching juvenile cases to adult courts
transfer or waiver
1. which of the following is not included in all definitions of gangs?
violence
48. what percentage of girls in the juvenile justice system have a history of physical abuse
70%
30. according to the text which of the following was a problem with the professional crime fighting model of policing
look up
28. in 2011 there were ___- arrests of persons under the age 18
1.5 million
41. a recent study found in overall sales rate of alcohol to use under age 21 at what %?
26%
7 in most recent estimtes howmany active gangs are there in the US
30 k
39 a meta anal concl minority suspects are _______ more likely to be arrested than white suspects
30%
29. approx ________ % of youths take into custody are referred to juvenile court?
68%
43. in 2012 approx ________ of youth went to juvenile court and _______- were sent directly to adult court
68% AND 8%
23. up to _________ of drug users dropped out of treatment programs regardless of what program it is
70%
19. which drug delinquency relationship does the national youth survey support
DELINQUENCY CAUSES DRUG USE
17. According to the Monitoring the Future Survey, which of the following statements is false?
a. Drug use varies greatly by type of drug b. Much drug use is experimental c. Only a small fraction of respondents use any drug other than alcohol or tobacco on a regular basis d. Overall illegal drug use among high school seniors increased between 1975 and 2013 *********
10. According to the text, which of the following probably accounts for much of gang migration?
a. Gangs setting out branches in other cities b. ??? c. Family relocation or visits to family members********* d. None of the above
18. Which group of youths is most likely to be left out of studies such as Monitoring the Future? (US HS seniors)
a. Girls b. Suburban youths c. School dropouts****** d. All of the above
15. Which intervention strategy is perceived to be the most effective?
a. Social intervention b. Organizational change and development c. Suppression d. Opportunities provision (Social Bonds theory)***********
11. Which of the following is not a risk factor for gang membership?
a. Substance use b. Poverty c. Mental health problems d. Excessive uprooting********
14. According to the text, which of the following is/are reasons for gang behavior?
a. The need for status b. Control of turf or territory c. Financial gain d. All of the above***********
67 which of the following was not a reason cited by the SC for allowing preventative detention for juveniles
adequately predicts those at risk or future criminal acts
31. when taking a child into custody which of the following is not a requirement for you to hold him
all of the above
56 according to the test which of the following is/are problem with attorneys in juvenile courts
all of the above
62 which of the following occurred in the original court proceedings leading to the SC enre gault case
all of the above
which of the following is an option to filing a petition against a youth and taking the youth to juvenile court
all of the above
50 an intake officer is supposed to consider ____________
both a and c (welfare of the child and the legal demands of the police and victim)
64 which of the following is not a reason that the SC declined to extend the adult right of jury trials to juveniles
because the juvenile process should not be informal and intimiate but rather adversarial
58 sentences that can involve both the juvenile and adult courts in correctional systems are examples of _________ sentencing?
blended
34. according to the supreme court a juvenile suspect may do what
both a and b
38. which of the following is a practice cited in the text as a factor in the school to prison pipeline
both a and b
45 __________ stage is often the first opportunity for the juvenile to meet with an attorney
detention hearing
47 the initial detention decision is usually made by whom
detention workers or porbation officers aka intake officer
37. the key factor of broken window theory is -
disorder
44. which stage in juvenile court corresponds to sentencing in adult court
disposition
52. teen courts are a type of what
diversion
49 research shows _______ should be the consequence of definitions of detention programs
education
which SC court made the beyond a reasonable doubt standard constitutional in juvenile delinquency
en re winship
61 which SC case ruled that juveniles should have the right to an attorney at adjudication hearings
gualt
27. methadone is a substitute for what?
heroin
8. accorrding to the most recent studies, _______ constituted the largest portion of gang membership
hispanics
26. if a survey asks how many times used drugs in the last thirty days that is a measure of what ?
incidence
2, areas of a city that are deteriorating and in a state of disorganization
intersticial
59 which of the following was the SC first major examination of juvenile court processing
kent v US
5. according to thrasher which of the following is not a reason that few gang members stay young adulthood?
lack of meaningful activity
