KIN Chapter 9

flexion

Bending or decreasing the angle between the femur and the leg

The femoral nerve innervates all of the following muscles except:

Biceps femoris

Which of the following is not true regarding the bursae of the knee?

Bursae are composed mainly of fatty tissue

Which of the following is true regarding the medial collateral ligament?

Maintains medial stability by resisting valgus forces or preventing tibia from being abducted

Which of the following is correct regarding the patellofemoral joint?

Part of the posterior patella is superior to the trochlea groove when the knee is in full extension.

The only uniarticular knee flexor is the _____.

Popliteus

What is the point of origin of the popliteus muscle?

Posterior surface of the lateral condyle of the femur

Which of the following is not true regarding the hamstring muscle group?

Provides static stability to the knee joint

external rotation

Rotary movement of the leg laterally away from the midline

internal rotation

Rotary movement of the leg medially toward the midline

The tibial division of the sciatic nerve innervates all of the following muscles except:

Sartorius

Which of the following muscles internally rotates the knee when contracting concentrically?

Semimembranosus

Which of the following represents the truest agonistic relationship for the knee?

Semitendinosus and semitendinous in internal rotation

extension

Straightening or increasing the angle between the femur and the leg

Which of the following is not true regarding strength and endurance being essential for maintenance of patellofemoral stability?

Strength and flexibility are not often a problem with the muscles of the knee joint.

What is the point of insertion of the vastus intermedius muscle?

Upper border of the patella and patellar tendon to the tibial tuberosity

What is the point of origin of the vastus intermedius muscle?

Upper two-thirds of the anterior surface of the femur

Which of the following is not considered to be one of the quadriceps muscle group?

Vastus medius

Two very important ligaments of the knee are the _____.

anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments

In basketball and soccer injury to the _____ occurs much more commonly to females than to males.

anterior cruciate ligament

The most common serious knee ligament injury involves the _____.

anterior cruciate ligament

Identify an action performed by the rectus femoris muscle.

anterior pelvic rotation

True or false: The knee joint is the smallest diarthrodial joint in the body.

false

The pes anserinus tendinous expansion is comprised from the _____.

gracilis, sartorius, semitendinous

The knee joint is primarily a _____ joint.

hinge

Flexion and extension of the knee occur in the sagittal plane, whereas internal and external rotations occur in the _____.

horizontal plane

The upper anteromedial surface of the tibia just below the medial condyle serves as the insertion for the sartorius, gracilis, and _____.

semitindinosus

Identify an exercise that strengthens the quadriceps muscles.

step-ups

Which of the following muscles is the only true flexor of the leg at the knee?

the popliteus muscle

Identify the muscles in the hamstring muscle group.

the semitendinosus the semimembranosus the biceps femoris

True or false: The knee joint is called a trochoginglymus joint because of the internal and external rotation movements that can occur during flexion.

true

True or false: The three vasti muscles of the quadriceps originate on the proximal femur and insert along with the rectus femoris on the superior pole of the patella.

true

The _____ muscle has its point of insertion in the medial half of the upper border of the patella and patellar tendon to the tibial tuberosity.

vastus medialis

Which of the following is not true regarding the rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis?

All are superficial and palpable except vastus medialis

Identify a true statement about the Q angle or quadriceps angle.

A high Q angle is likely to predispose a person to patellar subluxation.

Which of the following is not true regarding the quadriceps muscle group?

They all extend the knee and flex the hip when contracting concentrically

Development of the strength and endurance of the quadriceps is essential for maintenance of _____.

patellofemoral stability

Just posterior to the patellar tendon is the infrapatellar fat pad, which is often an insertion point for synovial folds of tissue known as

plica

The _____ muscle originates in the intertrochanteric line, anterior and inferior borders of the greater trochanter, gluteal tuberosity, upper half of the linea aspera, and entire lateral intermuscular septum.

vastus lateralis

What is the point of insertion of the popliteus muscle?

The upper posteromedial surface of the tibia

The Q angle is usually _____ or less for males and _____ or less for females.

15; 20

Identify an accurate statement about anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear.

It is one of the most common serious injuries to the knee.

Identify a true statement about the tibia.

It is the medial bone in the leg and bears much more of the body's weight than the fibula

Which of the following is not true with respect to the synovial cavity?

Provides the knee with stability

The angle formed at the patella by the intersection of the central line of pull for the entire quadriceps and the line of pull of the patellar tendon is referred to as the

Q angle

Which of the following is not correct regarding menisci in the knee joint?

The lateral meniscus is larger in circumference than the medial.

Which of the following muscles is important in providing dynamic medial stability to the knee joint because of the manner in which it crosses the joint and is also responsible for internal rotation of the knee?

The semimembranosus muscle

The pes anserinus attaches to the _____.

anteromedial aspect of the proximal tibia below the level of the tibial tuberosity

True or false: The vastus medialis destabilizes the patellofemoral stability because its distal fibers are detached from the superior medial patella.

false

The flexibility of the hamstrings can be improved by _____.

flexing the hip slowly while maintaining knee extension in a long sitting position

The vastus medialis can be stretched by _____.

full knee flexion

All of the following are key bony landmarks for knee joint actions except:

gerdy's condyle

The knee joint proper, or tibiofemoral joint, is classified as a _____ joint.

ginglymus

The ____________ muscle group is located on the posterior thigh and is responsible for knee flexion.

hamstring

The vastus lateralis muscle, along with the other vasti muscles, functions with the rectus femoris in _____.

knee extension

The vastus lateralis is strengthened through _____.

knee extension activities against resistance

The hamstrings are primarily _____ in addition to serving as hip extensors.

knee flexors

Stretching of the popliteus muscle is done through _____.

passive full knee extension without flexing the hip

The sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus all join together distally to form a tendinous expansion known as the _____.

pes aserinus

A _____ is an anatomical variant among some individuals that may be irritated or inflamed with injuries or overuse of the knee.

plica

The muscle group that extends the knee is located in the anterior compartment of the thigh and is known as the _____.

quadriceps

Identify the muscles in the quadriceps group.

rectus femoris vastus lateralis vastus medialis vastus intermedius

The vastus intermedius muscle is used in _____.

running, jumping, hopping, skipping, and walking

Identify some of the key bony landmarks of the knee.

superior and inferior poles of the patella gerdy's tubercle medial and lateral femoral condyles

The vastus lateralis provides a(n) _____ pull on the patella when contracting concentrically.

superolateral

The vastus medialis provides a(n) _____ pull on the patella when contracting concentrically.

superomedial

The vastus intermedius muscle, along with the other vasti muscles, is primarily responsible for extending the knee while the hip is _____.

being flexed

The rectus femoris is more powerful in extending the knee when the hip is in _____.

extension

Identify a function of the vastus medialis muscle.

extension of the knee

Identify an action performed by the vastus lateralis muscle.

extension of the knee

Which of the following is not correct regarding the knee joint proper?

Sometimes referred to as trochoginglymus joint due to internal and external rotation occurring when in full extension

What is the point of insertion of the rectus femoris muscle?

Superior aspect of the patella and patellar tendon to the tibial tuberosity