Kinesiology 245 Chapter 9: The knee joint

The rectus femoris is more powerful in extending the knee when the hip is in ___

Extension

The sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus muscles all insert just below the medial condyle on the upper anteromedial tibial surface and assists with knee internal rotation.

True

The tibia bears the majority of the weight as compared to the fibula.

True

In basketball and soccer injury to the _____ occurs much more commonly to females than to males.

anterior cruciate ligament

The vastus intermedius muscle, along with the other vasti muscles, is primarily responsible for extending the knee while the hip is ___.

being flexed

The vastus medialis can be stretched by ____

full knee flexion

The knee joint is primarily a ____ joint

hinge

Flexion and extension of the knee occur in the sagittal plane, whereas internal and external rotation.

horizontal plane

The vastus lateralis muscle, along with the other vasti muscles, functions with the rectus femoris in ____.

knee extension

The vastus lateralis is strengthened through ____

knee extension activities against resistance

The biceps femoris short head is supplied by the ___ nerve.

peroneal

The ____ muscle can be palpated deep to the gastroncemius medially on the posterior proximal tibia and proceed superolaterally toward lateral epicondyle of tibia just deep to fibular collateral ligament.

popliteus

The muscle group that extends the knee is located in the anterior compartment of the thigh and is known as the ____.

quadriceps

The vastus intermedius muscle is used in _____

running, jumping, hopping, skipping, and walking

The vastus lateralis provides a(n) ___ pull on the patella when contracting concentrically.

superolateral

The anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments are located on the outermost anterior and posterior surfaces of the knee joint.

False

The lateral collateral ligament originates on the lateral femoral condyle distally to the popliteus muscle origin and inserts on the fibular head.

False

The patella is classified as an "irregular" bone because it is imbedded in the patellar tendon.

False

Identify a true statement about the tibia.

It is the medial bone in the leg and bears much more of the body's weight than the fibula.

Which of the following statements are true about the popliteus muscle? (Check all that apply)

It is vital in providing posterolateral stability to the knee. It assists the medial hamstrings in internal rotation of the leg at the knee.

What is the point of insertion of the vastus lateralis muscle?

Lateral border of the patella and patellar tendon the tibial tuberosity.

Which of the following is not true with respect to the synovial cavity?

Provides the knee with stability

The tibial division of the sciatic nerve innervates all of the following muscles except:

Sartorius

Which of the following muscle internally rotates the knee when contracting concentrically?

Semimembranosus

Which of the following represents the truest agonistic relationship for the knee?

Semitendinosus and semimembranosus in lateral rotation

What is the point point of insertion of the rectus femoris muscle?

Superior aspect of the patella and patellar tendon to the tibial tuberosity

Tears in menisci can occur due both compression and shear forces during rotation while flexing or extending during quick directional changes in running.

True

The biceps femoris muscle inserts primarily on the head of the fibula and assists with knee external rotation.

True

The knee joint is the largest diarthroadial joint in the body.

True

What is the point of insertion of the vastus intermedius muscle?

Upper border of the patella and patellar tendon to the tibial tuberosity.

The ___ muscle can be palpated in the anteromedial distal one-third of thigh just above the superomedial patella and deep to the rectus femoris

Vastus intermedius

Identify the muscles in the quadriceps group. (Check all that apply.)

Rectus femoris, Vastus lateralis, Vastus intermedius, and Vastus medialis

The ____ nerve innervates the knee extensors-rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and vastus lateralis.

femoral

The knee joint proper or tibiofemoral joint, is classified as a ___ joint

ginglymus

The pes anserinus tendinous expansion is comprised from the ___

gracilis, sartorius, semitendinous

The hamstrings are primarily ___ in addition to serving as hip extensors.

knee flexors

Stretching of the popliteus muscle is done through

passive full knee extension without flexing the hip.

The ___ is a sesamoid bone contained within the quadriceps muscle group and the patellar tendon.

patella

The vastus medialis provides a(n) ___ pull on the patella when contracting concentrically?

superomedial

The ___ muscle can be palpated slightly distal to the greater trochanter down the anteriolateral aspect of the thigh to the superolateral patella.

vastus lateralis

Which of the following is not true regarding the rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis?

All are superficial and palpable except vastus medialis

Where can the vastus medialis muscle be palpated?

Anterior medial side of the thigh just above the superomedial patella

Identify a function of the vastus medialis muscle.

Extension of the knee

The femoral condyles articulate with the fibular condyles during flexion of the knee.

False

The popliteus muscle originates on the medial aspect of the lateral femoral condyle and assists with knee internal rotation.

False

The semimembranosus muscle inserts anteromedially on the medial tibial condyle and assists with knee internal rotation.

False

The semitendinosus muscle is located posterolaterally and internally rotates the knee.

False

True or false: The knee joint is the smallest diarthrodial joint in the body.

False

True or false: The vastus medialis destabilizes the patellofemoral stability because its distal fibers are detached from the superior medial patella.

False

Which of the following is not true regarding strength and endurance being essential for maintenance of patellofemoral stability?

Strength and flexibility are not often a problem with the muscles of the knee joint.

What is the point of insertion of the rectus femoris muscle?

Superior aspect of the patella and patellar tendon to the tibial tuberosity.

Which of the following is not correct regarding menisci in the knee joint?

The lateral meniscus is larger in circumference than the medial.

The flexibility of the hamstrings can be improved by ____

Flexing the hip slowly while maintaining knee extension in a long sitting position.

Development of the strength and endurance of the quadriceps is essential for maintenance of ___.

Patellofemoral stability

What is the point of origin of the popliteus muscle?

Posterior surface of the lateral condyle of the femur

Which of the following muscles is important in providing dynamic medial stability to the knee joint because of the manner in which it crosses the joint and is also responsible for internal rotation of the knee?

The semimembranosus muscle

The knee joint can extend to 180 degrees normally although some individuals can extend slightly further.

True

The lateral fibula serves as the attachment for knee joint structures but does not articulate with the femur or patella.

True

The medial collateral ligament originates on the medial aspect of upper medial femoral condyle and inserts on medial tibial surface.

True

True of false: The knee joint is called a trochoginglymus joint because of the internal and external rotation movement that can occur during flexion.

True

Match the types of movements that occur in the knee joint ( in the left column) with their descriptions (in the right column).

Flexion - Bending or decreasing the angle between the femur and the leg Extension - Straightening or increasing the angle between the femur and the leg External rotation - Rotary movement of the leg laterally away from the midline internal rotation - Rotary movement of the leg medially toward the midline

All of the following are key bony landmarks for knee joint actions except:

Gerdy's tubercle

Identify an exercise that strengthens the quadriceps muscles.

Step-ups

When the hip is flexed, the rectus femoris becomes shorter, which reduces its effectiveness as an

extensor of the knee

The Q angle is usually ___ or less for males and ___ or less for females.

15; 20