Kinesiology Chapter 8 - The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle
Iliofemoral Ligament
- Apart of the acetabulofemoral joint - Located anteriorly - *Prevents hyperextension*
Pubofemoral Ligament
- Apart of the acetabulofemoral joint - Located anteromedially and inferiorly - *Limits excessive extension and abduction*
Ischiofemoral Ligament
- Apart of the acetabulofemoral joint - Located posteriorly - *Limits internal rotation and flexion*
Lumbar Plexus
- Femoral nerve - Obturator nerve
Differential Diagnosis
Different diagnosis with similar symptoms
Thigh
Divided into 3 compartments by inter muscular septa 1. Anterior compartment 2. Medial compartment 3. Posterior compartment
Differential Diagnosis Ex
Lateral Hip Pain: - Greater trochanteric bursitis - Iliotibial band syndrome - Meralgia paresthetica
Flexion of Hip Joint
0-130 degrees
Adduction of Hip Joint
0-30 degrees
Extension of Hip Joint
0-30 degrees
Abduction of Hip Joint
0-35 degrees
Internal Rotation of Hip Joint
0-35/45 degrees
External Rotation of Hip Joint
0-45/50 degrees
Posterior Pelvic Rotation
Accomplished by *hip extension* and/or *lumbar flexion*
Anterior Pelvic Rotation
Accomplished by *hip flexion* and/or *lumbar extension*
Left Lateral Pelvic Rotation
Accomplished by: - Left hip abduction - Right hip adduction - Right lumbar lateral flexion Don't need all 3 to accomplish Right side = opposite
Anterior + Posterior Pelvic Rotation
Sagittal Plane
Acetabulofemoral Joint
- *Similar to glenoid fossa* of shoulder joint - Lined with a labrum to *enhance stability and provide shock absorption*
*S*acral Plexus
- Superior gluteal nerve - Inferior gluteal nerve - *S*ciatic nerve
Pelvic Bones
1. *Ilium* (upper) 2. *Ischium* (posterior) 3. *Pubis* (anterior) R + L pelvic bones are *joined together by the sacrum*
Tensor Fasciae Latae
1. Hip abduction 2. Hip flexion 3. Anterior pelvic rotation
Gluteus Minimus
1. Hip abduction 2. Ipsilateral pelvic rotation 3. Hip flexion 4. Anterior pelvic rotation 5. Internal rotation as the femur abducts
Gluteus Medius
1. Hip abduction 2. Ipsilateral pelvic rotation Anterior Fibers: - Internal rotation - Flexion - Anterior pelvic rotation Posterior Fibers: - Extension - External rotation - Posterior pelvic rotation Anterior. = FLEX -IN Posterior = EX - EX
Adductor Longus
1. Hip adduction 2. Assists in hip flexion 3. Assists in anterior pelvic rotation
Adductor Brevis
1. Hip adduction 2. Assists in hip flexion 3. Assists in anterior pelvic rotation 4. Internal rotation as it adducts hip
Adductor Magnus
1. Hip adduction 2. Internal rotation as hip adducts
Gracilis
1. Hip adduction 2. Weak knee flexion 3. Internal rotation of the hip 4. Assists with hip flexion 5. Weak internal rotation of the knee
Gluteus Maximus
1. Hip extension 2. External rotation of the hip 3. Assist in abduction (upper fibers) 4. Assist in adduction (lower fibers) 5. Posterior pelvic rotation EX - EX
Pectineus
1. Hip flexion 2. Hip adduction 3. Internal rotation of the hip 4. Anterior pelvic rotation
Rectus Femoris
1. Hip flexion 2. Knee extension 3. Anterior pelvic rotation
Sartorius
1. Hip flexion 2. Knee flexion 3. Hip abduction 4. Anterior pelvic rotation 5. Weak internal rotation of the knee 6. External rotation of thigh as it flexes hip and knee
Biceps Femoris
1. Knee flexion 2. Hip extension 3. External rotation of the hip 4. External rotation of the flexed knee 5. Posterior pelvic rotation
Semimembranosus
1. Knee flexion 2. Hip extension 3. Internal rotation of the hip 4. Internal rotation of the flexed knee 5. Posterior pelvic rotation
Semitendinosus
1. Knee flexion 2. Hip extension 3. Internal rotation of the hip 4. Internal rotation of the flexed knee 5. Posterior pelvic rotation
Hip Joint
AKA - *Femoral Acetabular Joint* - *2nd most mobile joint* behind glenohumeral - Functions = *weight bearing and locomotion* - Bony + large supportive muscles + strong ligaments = stable - *Synovial* (ball and socket) - *Diarthrodial*
Bursae
Fluid-filled sac that counters friction at a joint
Right and Left Lateral Pelvic Rotation
Frontal Plane
Femur
Longest bone in the body
P - GO - GO - Q Muscles
Piriformis Gemellus Superior Obturator Internus Gemellus Inferior Obturator Externus Quadratum Lumborum All external rotators of the hip
Transverse Plane
Transverse plane movements create *internal rotation and external rotation* of the hip
