Kinesiology Chapter 8 - The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle

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Iliofemoral Ligament

- Apart of the acetabulofemoral joint - Located anteriorly - *Prevents hyperextension*

Pubofemoral Ligament

- Apart of the acetabulofemoral joint - Located anteromedially and inferiorly - *Limits excessive extension and abduction*

Ischiofemoral Ligament

- Apart of the acetabulofemoral joint - Located posteriorly - *Limits internal rotation and flexion*

Lumbar Plexus

- Femoral nerve - Obturator nerve

Differential Diagnosis

Different diagnosis with similar symptoms

Thigh

Divided into 3 compartments by inter muscular septa 1. Anterior compartment 2. Medial compartment 3. Posterior compartment

Differential Diagnosis Ex

Lateral Hip Pain: - Greater trochanteric bursitis - Iliotibial band syndrome - Meralgia paresthetica

Flexion of Hip Joint

0-130 degrees

Adduction of Hip Joint

0-30 degrees

Extension of Hip Joint

0-30 degrees

Abduction of Hip Joint

0-35 degrees

Internal Rotation of Hip Joint

0-35/45 degrees

External Rotation of Hip Joint

0-45/50 degrees

Posterior Pelvic Rotation

Accomplished by *hip extension* and/or *lumbar flexion*

Anterior Pelvic Rotation

Accomplished by *hip flexion* and/or *lumbar extension*

Left Lateral Pelvic Rotation

Accomplished by: - Left hip abduction - Right hip adduction - Right lumbar lateral flexion Don't need all 3 to accomplish Right side = opposite

Anterior + Posterior Pelvic Rotation

Sagittal Plane

Acetabulofemoral Joint

- *Similar to glenoid fossa* of shoulder joint - Lined with a labrum to *enhance stability and provide shock absorption*

*S*acral Plexus

- Superior gluteal nerve - Inferior gluteal nerve - *S*ciatic nerve

Pelvic Bones

1. *Ilium* (upper) 2. *Ischium* (posterior) 3. *Pubis* (anterior) R + L pelvic bones are *joined together by the sacrum*

Tensor Fasciae Latae

1. Hip abduction 2. Hip flexion 3. Anterior pelvic rotation

Gluteus Minimus

1. Hip abduction 2. Ipsilateral pelvic rotation 3. Hip flexion 4. Anterior pelvic rotation 5. Internal rotation as the femur abducts

Gluteus Medius

1. Hip abduction 2. Ipsilateral pelvic rotation Anterior Fibers: - Internal rotation - Flexion - Anterior pelvic rotation Posterior Fibers: - Extension - External rotation - Posterior pelvic rotation Anterior. = FLEX -IN Posterior = EX - EX

Adductor Longus

1. Hip adduction 2. Assists in hip flexion 3. Assists in anterior pelvic rotation

Adductor Brevis

1. Hip adduction 2. Assists in hip flexion 3. Assists in anterior pelvic rotation 4. Internal rotation as it adducts hip

Adductor Magnus

1. Hip adduction 2. Internal rotation as hip adducts

Gracilis

1. Hip adduction 2. Weak knee flexion 3. Internal rotation of the hip 4. Assists with hip flexion 5. Weak internal rotation of the knee

Gluteus Maximus

1. Hip extension 2. External rotation of the hip 3. Assist in abduction (upper fibers) 4. Assist in adduction (lower fibers) 5. Posterior pelvic rotation EX - EX

Pectineus

1. Hip flexion 2. Hip adduction 3. Internal rotation of the hip 4. Anterior pelvic rotation

Rectus Femoris

1. Hip flexion 2. Knee extension 3. Anterior pelvic rotation

Sartorius

1. Hip flexion 2. Knee flexion 3. Hip abduction 4. Anterior pelvic rotation 5. Weak internal rotation of the knee 6. External rotation of thigh as it flexes hip and knee

Biceps Femoris

1. Knee flexion 2. Hip extension 3. External rotation of the hip 4. External rotation of the flexed knee 5. Posterior pelvic rotation

Semimembranosus

1. Knee flexion 2. Hip extension 3. Internal rotation of the hip 4. Internal rotation of the flexed knee 5. Posterior pelvic rotation

Semitendinosus

1. Knee flexion 2. Hip extension 3. Internal rotation of the hip 4. Internal rotation of the flexed knee 5. Posterior pelvic rotation

Hip Joint

AKA - *Femoral Acetabular Joint* - *2nd most mobile joint* behind glenohumeral - Functions = *weight bearing and locomotion* - Bony + large supportive muscles + strong ligaments = stable - *Synovial* (ball and socket) - *Diarthrodial*

Bursae

Fluid-filled sac that counters friction at a joint

Right and Left Lateral Pelvic Rotation

Frontal Plane

Femur

Longest bone in the body

P - GO - GO - Q Muscles

Piriformis Gemellus Superior Obturator Internus Gemellus Inferior Obturator Externus Quadratum Lumborum All external rotators of the hip

Transverse Plane

Transverse plane movements create *internal rotation and external rotation* of the hip


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