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TRUE CONJUGATE
10.5 - 11 cm
Transverse or interspinous
10.5cm
Anteroposterior diameter through the level of ischial spines
11.5cm
1. DIAGONAL CONJUGATE
12.5 - 13 cm
AMNIOTIC FLUID EMBOLISM
Amniotic fluid is forced into an open maternal uterine flood sinus through some defect in the membranes or after partial premature separation of the placenta
CILINICAL PELVIMETRY
Determination of adequacy of the inlet reaching the promontory of the scarum
PLACENTA VELAMENTOSA
Distance away from the attachment of the cord and the vessels
Interspinous diameter / Bispinous diameter
Engagement of the fetal head
result of shoulder dystocia
Erb's palsy damage of c5-c6
OBSTETRIC CONJUGATE
Estimated subtracting 1.5- 2ccm to diagonal conjugation
Posterior sagittal
From the midpoint of the interspinous line to the same point in sacrum 5 cm
RETAINED PLACENTA
If the placenta is undelivered at 30 minutes, it should be considered to be 'retained'
CORD PROLAPSE
In a prolapse, the umbilical cord drops (prolapses) through the open cervix into the vaginal ahead of the baby.
SHOULDER DYSTOCIA
Inability to deliver a baby's shoulders after its head has emerged.
PRECIPITATE DELIVERY
Labor and delivery that is completed in <3 hours due to multiparity or following oxytocin administration or amniotomy
PLACENTA CIRCUMVALLATA
Membranes appear to be attached internally to the placental edge, and on the periphery there is a ring of thick whitish tissue which is in fact a fold of infarcted chorion
UTERINE RUPTURE
Occurs when the uterus undergoes more straining than it is capable of sustaining
decidua
Placenta attaches to the uterus until labor, when it separates with the help of contractions
placenta percreta
Placental chorionic vili grow through the uterine myometrium and often adhere to abdominal structures (bladder or intestine)
Placenta accreta
Placental chorionic villi adheres to the superficial layer of the uterine myometrium
Placenta increta
Placental chorionic villi invade deeply into the uterine myometrium
PLACENTA ACRETA
Rare cause of retained placenta
passageway
Refers to the route the fetus must travel from the uterus through the pelvis.
Preterm premature rupture of membrane
Rupture of membranes before onset of labor in pregnancies between 28-37 weeks
UTERINE INERTIA
Sluggishness of contractions
Premature rupture of membranes (PROM)
Spontaneous rupture of fetal membranes before onset of labor
INDUCED LABOR
Stages of labor and birth occurs due to chemical or mechanical means which is usually performed to save the mother or fetus from complications which may cause death
PLACENTA BIPARTITA
The placenta is partly divided into two lobes with connecting vessels
FORCEPS DELIVERY
Use of metal instruments to extract the fetus from the birth canal, when at +3 / +4 and sagittal suture line is in an AP position in relation to the outlet
Cesarean Section
birth through a surgical incision on the abdomen
Ethyl alcohol
blocks release of Oxytocin
Symphysiotomy
cutting the pubic symphysis
atropine sulfate
for preoperative medication care C/S
cleidotomy
fracturing the fetal clavicle
Android
heat shape, male pelvis
Uterine rupture
management: Hysterectomy
Ritodrine
muscle relaxant per orem
Anthropoid
oval in shape. Transverse diameter is narrow. A-P is longer. Ape pelvis
Induced labor
oxytocin(pitocin)
zavanelli
returning the fetal head to the pelvis for delivery of the baby via cesarean section
"high" or "floating
terms used to denote unengaged presenting part
Gynecoid
the true female pelvis
Platypelloid
wide but flat, kidney-shaped
DISPROPORTION
• Is a state wherein there is a discrepancy, between the size of the fetus and that of the pelvis • Due to an average-sized baby in a woman with a small pelvis or a normal pelvis with a big baby or due to a combination of these factors
BATTLEDORE PLACENTA
● Sometimes the cord has a marginal instead of a central incision ● This has no clinical significance
Placenta membranacea
● Unduly large and thin ● Not only develops from chorionic frondosum but chorionic levae so whole of ovum is practically covered
PLACENTA SUCCENTURIATA
● Vascular connection between main and accessory lobes ● Accessory lobe is retained and manually removed
