Krieger AP Psych Unit 1 Part 1 Notes
visited many hospitals including mental ones, petitioned congress for more hospitals and humane conditions
Dorothea Dix
: the study of _____the mind (mental processes, how we store, process, and retrieve information) ___________________, when we perceive, remember, think, communicate, and solve problems. Ex: Piaget studied how young children think and problem solve. Focuses on memory, thinking, and problem solving
Cognitive Psychology
setup first psychology lab in states, invited Freud to it
G.S. Hall
the German word for "whole," this group of theorists in Europe studying perception techniques such as figure/ground and closure. Seeing things in groups or as a whole.
Gestalt
Focuses on free will, needs, and the _self's issues___________. Maslow: made the hierarchy of needs Carl Rogers's Client centered therapy
Humanistic:
Behaviors are learned through associations
Learning via Classical Conditioning: Ivan Pavlov + John B. Watson
Behaviors are learned through reinforcements and punishments
Learning via Operant Conditioning
- has a PhD in psychology
Margaret Washburn
famous pupil of William James; even though she experienced blatant discrimination when denied her phD in psych, she becomes a research scientist and first woman president of the APA.
Mary Caulkins
Behaviors are learned through modeling (watching + imitating others)
Observational Learning
Sigmund Freud (and followers) emphasize ways our ____unconscious__________________ mind and ____early childhood__________________ relationships affect our adult behavior.
Psychoanalytic/Psychodynamic
the study of how ____groups___________ and ___culture_____________ affect our behavior and thinking. i. "Learned Norms" vary across ethnicity, religion, gender, language, nationality ii. Individualistic v. Collectivist Cultures
Sociocultural:
Wundt studied Sensation and perception, but is most remembered for his work on Structuralism, Using the method of
introspection
1920's- 1960's Psychology Study of
the science of _observable behavior__ Bc WW1
After 1960's: our current definition of Psychology is
the science of behavior and mental processes
Before 1920's: Psychology was the Study of
the science of mental life____ _. Examples: inner sensations, feelings, and thoughts
the study of evolution of behavior and the mind, using principles of __instincts for survival _______ (Behaviors have a ____nature____________ or ____nurture_________ advantage)
(Minor perspective) Evolutionary Psychology
Focuses on ___learning________________ via observable behavior that is more scientific.
Behaviorism
the scientific study of the links between brain and body ___chemistry_____________ and ___genetics______________ Ex: Neurotransmitter Imbalances, Hormones, Nervous System activity
Biological:
studied Functionalism (influenced by Charles Darwin) focused on the evolved purposes of the elements of consciousness. Our ability to think, our conscious awareness serves a FUNCTION/role/job
William James
founded the first psych lab to "scientifically" study in Leipzig Germany in 1879 .
William Wundt