Lab Quiz #7 (Celiac Trunk, Small and Large Intestines)

Superior mesenteric artery

arises from anterior aorta at L-1; gives off many branches supplying large and small intestines including 1. Inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries 2. Ileal and Jejunal arteries 3. Middle Colic artery 4. Right colic artery 5. Ileocolic artery

Gastroduodenal Artery

arises from common hepatic artery; descends behind the duodenum and branches into 1. Right Gastroepiploic artery 2. Anterior and Posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries

Hepatic artery proper

arises from common hepatic artery; supplies the liver and gallbladder; gives rise to 1. R&L hepatic arteries 2. Right gastric artery

Anterior and Posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries

arises from gastroduodenal artery; supplies duodenum and pancreas and will anastomose with inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries from superior mesenteric arteries

Right gastroepiploic artery

arises from gastroduodenal artery; supplies the greater curvature of stomach; joins with left gastroepiploic

Right and Left Hepatic arteries

arises from hepatic artery proper; distributed to right and left lobes of liver; also gives rise to Cystic artery which branches to Gallbladder

Right Gastric artery

arises from hepatic artery proper; passes to lesser curvature of the stomach where it joins the branch of left gastric artery

Superior rectal artery

arises from inferior mesenteric artery; branch supplying the upper rectum

Sigmoid arteries

arises from inferior mesenteric artery; supplies the sigmoid colon

Left colic arteries

arises from inferior mesenteric; supplies the descending colon and anastomoses with middle colic artery of the superior mesenteric

Left gastroepiploic

arises from splenic artery; runes along the greater curvature of the stomach

Inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries

arises from superior mesentaric artery; anterior and posterior branches connect with anterior and posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries and supply the duodenum and head of pancreas

Ileal and Jejunal arteries

arises from superior mesenteric artery; 10-16 branches into the mesentery supplying the ileum and jejunum

Splenic artery

arises from the Celiac trunk; tortuous path to hilum of spleen; gives rise to Short Gastric branches and Left Gastroepiploic artery

Right Colic artery

arises from the superior mesenteric artery; supplies the ascending colon; anastomoses with the middle colic artery and the ileocecal artery

Middle Colic artery

arises from the superior mesenteric artery; supplies the transverse colon; anastomoses with right colic artery on left and inferior mesenteric artery on right

Ileocecal valve

at junction of ileum and cecum; allows food to pass into large intestine but not back into small intestine

Plicae Circulares

circular folds in small intestine that decrease in frequency as you move distally

Anastomose

connect with

Inferior mesenteric vein

corresponds to the distribution of inferior mesenteric artery; usually joins splenic vein before going into the hepatic portal system

Splenic vein

corresponds to the distribution of the splenic artery

Superior mesenteric vein

corresponds to the distribution of the superior mesenteric artery

Ileum

distal 60% of small intestine following duodenum; continues absorption from food but also has more work in lymphatics

Celiac Trunk

first of the unpaired major visceral branches off of the abdominal aorta; has several major branches (all retroperitoneal): 1. Left gastric artery 2. Splenic Artery 3. Common Hepatic artery

Cecum

first part of large intestine after Ileum; somewhat used for storage until parastalsis continues

Cystic vein

from gall bladder

Gastric veins

from stomach

Greater omentum

large fold that overlies most of the abdominal contents anteriorly; passes from the greater curvature of the stomach down and back up to the transverse colon; contains great deal of lymph nodes and adipose tissue

Mesothelium

layer simple squamous epithelium overlying CT

Appendices epiploicae

localized collections of fat on outer wall

Peyer's patches

lymphatic tissue mostly in ileum

Mesentery

outfoldings of peritoneum which support the large and small intestines

Common Hepatic artery

passes into the hepatic portion of the lesser omentum where it branches to: 1. Hepatic artery proper 2. Gastroduodenal artery

Inferior mesenteric artery

primarily supplying the transverse, descending and sigmoid colons and rectum; gives rise to: 1. Left colic arteries 2. Sigmoid arteries 3. Superior rectal artery

Jejunum

proximal 40% of small intestine following duodenum; primary function is absorption

Haustra

segments in LG intestine

Lesser Omentum

serosa between the liver and stomach

Ileocolic artery

supplies the ileocecal junction, cecum and lower ascending colon; anastomoses with the right colic artery and with the trunk supplying the small intestinal branches to the jejunum and ileum

Peritoneum

surrounds most organs in abdominal cavity; largest serous membrane in the body

Mucosa of LG intestine

1. has no vili 2. epithelium envaginates into Crypts of Lieberkuhn which only produce mucous in LG intestine

Lymph tissue in small intestine

1. isolated lymph nodules 2. peyer's patches *both working to decrease harmful microbes

Teniae Coli

3 discrete bands of smooth muscle around LG intestine

Colon

Has 4 parts: 1. Ascending 2. Transverse 3. Descending 4. Sigmoid

Left gastric artery

arises from Celiac trunk; gives off a branch to the abdominal esophagus and supplies the cardiac portion of the stomach and lesser curvature

Intestines order

SM 1. Duodenum 2. Jejunum 3. Ileum LG 4. Cecum 5. Colon 6. Rectum 7. Anal canal

Short gastric branches

arises from Splenic artery; small branches to the fundus of the stomach

Hepatic portal system

veins draining the gut go through a second set of capillaries in the liver before returning to general circulation; formed mainly by: 1. Inferior mesenteric vein 2. Splenic vein 3. Superior mesenteric vein but also by: 4. Gastric veins 5. Cystic vein 6. Small anastomoses from esophageal plexus, umbilicus region and rectal veins

Vermaform appendix

worm-like hollow appendage that has no known function other than containing collections of lymphoid tissue; variable position on the cecum