Lab Quiz #7 (Celiac Trunk, Small and Large Intestines)
Superior mesenteric artery
arises from anterior aorta at L-1; gives off many branches supplying large and small intestines including 1. Inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries 2. Ileal and Jejunal arteries 3. Middle Colic artery 4. Right colic artery 5. Ileocolic artery
Gastroduodenal Artery
arises from common hepatic artery; descends behind the duodenum and branches into 1. Right Gastroepiploic artery 2. Anterior and Posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries
Hepatic artery proper
arises from common hepatic artery; supplies the liver and gallbladder; gives rise to 1. R&L hepatic arteries 2. Right gastric artery
Anterior and Posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries
arises from gastroduodenal artery; supplies duodenum and pancreas and will anastomose with inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries from superior mesenteric arteries
Right gastroepiploic artery
arises from gastroduodenal artery; supplies the greater curvature of stomach; joins with left gastroepiploic
Right and Left Hepatic arteries
arises from hepatic artery proper; distributed to right and left lobes of liver; also gives rise to Cystic artery which branches to Gallbladder
Right Gastric artery
arises from hepatic artery proper; passes to lesser curvature of the stomach where it joins the branch of left gastric artery
Superior rectal artery
arises from inferior mesenteric artery; branch supplying the upper rectum
Sigmoid arteries
arises from inferior mesenteric artery; supplies the sigmoid colon
Left colic arteries
arises from inferior mesenteric; supplies the descending colon and anastomoses with middle colic artery of the superior mesenteric
Left gastroepiploic
arises from splenic artery; runes along the greater curvature of the stomach
Inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries
arises from superior mesentaric artery; anterior and posterior branches connect with anterior and posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries and supply the duodenum and head of pancreas
Ileal and Jejunal arteries
arises from superior mesenteric artery; 10-16 branches into the mesentery supplying the ileum and jejunum
Splenic artery
arises from the Celiac trunk; tortuous path to hilum of spleen; gives rise to Short Gastric branches and Left Gastroepiploic artery
Right Colic artery
arises from the superior mesenteric artery; supplies the ascending colon; anastomoses with the middle colic artery and the ileocecal artery
Middle Colic artery
arises from the superior mesenteric artery; supplies the transverse colon; anastomoses with right colic artery on left and inferior mesenteric artery on right
Ileocecal valve
at junction of ileum and cecum; allows food to pass into large intestine but not back into small intestine
Plicae Circulares
circular folds in small intestine that decrease in frequency as you move distally
Anastomose
connect with
Inferior mesenteric vein
corresponds to the distribution of inferior mesenteric artery; usually joins splenic vein before going into the hepatic portal system
Splenic vein
corresponds to the distribution of the splenic artery
Superior mesenteric vein
corresponds to the distribution of the superior mesenteric artery
Ileum
distal 60% of small intestine following duodenum; continues absorption from food but also has more work in lymphatics
Celiac Trunk
first of the unpaired major visceral branches off of the abdominal aorta; has several major branches (all retroperitoneal): 1. Left gastric artery 2. Splenic Artery 3. Common Hepatic artery
Cecum
first part of large intestine after Ileum; somewhat used for storage until parastalsis continues
Cystic vein
from gall bladder
Gastric veins
from stomach
Greater omentum
large fold that overlies most of the abdominal contents anteriorly; passes from the greater curvature of the stomach down and back up to the transverse colon; contains great deal of lymph nodes and adipose tissue
Mesothelium
layer simple squamous epithelium overlying CT
Appendices epiploicae
localized collections of fat on outer wall
Peyer's patches
lymphatic tissue mostly in ileum
Mesentery
outfoldings of peritoneum which support the large and small intestines
Common Hepatic artery
passes into the hepatic portion of the lesser omentum where it branches to: 1. Hepatic artery proper 2. Gastroduodenal artery
Inferior mesenteric artery
primarily supplying the transverse, descending and sigmoid colons and rectum; gives rise to: 1. Left colic arteries 2. Sigmoid arteries 3. Superior rectal artery
Jejunum
proximal 40% of small intestine following duodenum; primary function is absorption
Haustra
segments in LG intestine
Lesser Omentum
serosa between the liver and stomach
Ileocolic artery
supplies the ileocecal junction, cecum and lower ascending colon; anastomoses with the right colic artery and with the trunk supplying the small intestinal branches to the jejunum and ileum
Peritoneum
surrounds most organs in abdominal cavity; largest serous membrane in the body
Mucosa of LG intestine
1. has no vili 2. epithelium envaginates into Crypts of Lieberkuhn which only produce mucous in LG intestine
Lymph tissue in small intestine
1. isolated lymph nodules 2. peyer's patches *both working to decrease harmful microbes
Teniae Coli
3 discrete bands of smooth muscle around LG intestine
Colon
Has 4 parts: 1. Ascending 2. Transverse 3. Descending 4. Sigmoid
Left gastric artery
arises from Celiac trunk; gives off a branch to the abdominal esophagus and supplies the cardiac portion of the stomach and lesser curvature
Intestines order
SM 1. Duodenum 2. Jejunum 3. Ileum LG 4. Cecum 5. Colon 6. Rectum 7. Anal canal
Short gastric branches
arises from Splenic artery; small branches to the fundus of the stomach
Hepatic portal system
veins draining the gut go through a second set of capillaries in the liver before returning to general circulation; formed mainly by: 1. Inferior mesenteric vein 2. Splenic vein 3. Superior mesenteric vein but also by: 4. Gastric veins 5. Cystic vein 6. Small anastomoses from esophageal plexus, umbilicus region and rectal veins
Vermaform appendix
worm-like hollow appendage that has no known function other than containing collections of lymphoid tissue; variable position on the cecum
