LabFinal

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A MoM > 2-2.5 should be

(abnormal) f/u w/ US of amniotic fluid & acetylcholinesterase

In Pt's w/ nonischemic presentation, a ypical serial order set to r/I or r/o an AMI, would include

0 hour blood draw (presentation) 3-6h Additional 9-12 hr if earlier measurements are normal

Stage 1 HTN

130-139/80-89

Cholesteryl ester Phospholipids Triacylglycerols Cholesterol

4 maj lipid classes present in lipoproteins

genetic change of immature myeloid cell turning cell into a CML

BCR-ABL (FISH testing)

AGE, gender obesity & RENAL function can affect? Ex. all ages: best negative predictive value 300 ng/L

BNP and NT-proBNP

assoc w/ elevated serum glucaon migratory erythema, glucose intolerance, wt loss, DVT, depression

Beta Cell timor (Insulinoma)

Tumor size increases and so does sensitivity. Not Specific to pancreatic CA since you need the Lewis blood group antigen for expression; no antigen no expression

Biomarker - CA 19-9

Prediction of disease course stage, & post tx f/u but screeining using this is controversial

PSA (prostate specific antigen)

test to measure factors 1,2,5,7,10 warfarin dose liver damage, VitK status

PT - prothrombin time

the type of lipoprotein made primarily by liver cells to transport lipids to various tissues in the body for oxidation & adipose for storage.

VLDL (very low density lipoprotein)

Top 3 sx of Pancreatic CA: (no screening test - silent until mets are found)

pain, jaundice, wt loss

The proliferation, or growth and multiplication, of white blood cells and their precursors in the bone marrow—and presence in the blood

part of the leukemia definition that serves to distinguish many leukemias from many lymphomas

When is hCG detectable?

8-11 days after conception

Stage 2 HTN

>139 OR >89

HTN crisis

>180 or >120

ABD Pain Characteristic rad findings Elevated lipase or amylase 2/3 to dx what?

Acute pancreatitis

clinically significant when they produce enough insulin to induce hypOglycemia

Alpha cell tumors (Glucagonaoma)

_________ responsible more death/admits in US than any other disease (1/7 deaths)

CVD

AST, Total CK, CK-MB isoforms, Myoglobin, LD or LDH, LD isoenzymes should NOT be used to evaluate...

Cardiac disease

Predominant lipids in LDL & HDL

Cholesterol & phopholipids

the class of lipoproteins that transport lipids from the intestinal cells to the rest of the body derived from intestinal absorption of triacylglycerol & other lipids

Chylomicrons

4 gropus of plasma lipoproteins

Chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, HDL

typically assoc w/ DM related sx. diarrhea, steatorrhea, cholelithiasis, & wt loss MC found in the duodenum/jejunum more than the pancreas

Delta Cell tumors (Somatostatinoma)

Most sensitive test to dx Chronic pancreatitis?

ERCP (duodenal intubation)

tumors of the pancreatic islets that secrete gastrin increased gastric secretion, diarrhea, & malabsorption. MC pancreas>duodenum

Gastrinoma

adding H+ atoms to unsat fat to make it a solid

Hydrogenation

Aplastic anemia, infiltrated marrow (CA), drugs (chemo/NSAIDs) Vit B12 or folate deficiency can all be causes of what?

Leukopenia (low WBC count)

liberate the fatty acids from the glycerol backbone of the triglyceride

Lipases that degrade tryglyceride moledule in the GI tract

Islet cell tumors (endocrine tumor)

Most common benign tumor of the pancreas

blood/bone marrow diseases where too many WBCs are made

Myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative diseases

at 15-22wks pregnant women should be screened for

NTD, trisomy 21 & 18

1/2 of men in their 60's have?

low androgen levels (male gondal disfunction)

Elevated HTN

SBP 120-129 AND DBP <80

Fatty acid carbons bound to as much H+ as possible. NO double bonds, solid at room temp, MOST animals,

Sat Fat

AVD testing: The triglyceride is elevated above baseline and you believe the LDL is falsely low, what happened?

The pt did not fast

NO double bonds, flat, unlinked Produced by incomplete hydrogenation

Trans Fat

Prdeominant lipid in chylomicrons & VLDL

Triacylglycerols

Forms complex that regulates interaction of actin/myosin to regulate cardiac contracton

Trop T (tropmyosin) Trop I (inhibitory) Trop C (Ca2+ binding)

Fewer H+ bound to carbon. DOUBLE BONDED w/ Kinks in the tails. Liquid at room temp. Most plant fats (OILS)

Unsat Fat

Associate nonpolar lipids w/ amphipathic lipds (phospholipids & cholesterol) & proteins.

Water-miscible lipoproteins

Most common tipe of pancreatic exocrine tumor? Most commonly formed where?

adenocarcinoma exocrine cell in pancratic ducts

Highly sensitive MAB immunoassays have been developed for _______ & ________. ex. HTN can cause dame to heart, producing an elevated level of this. But hospitalization is not necessary.

cTnI & cTnT

normal BP range

less than 120/80

Dx marker for CaP

free PSA to total PSA levels correlate w/ prostate size. confirm elevated levels q 2-3 mo

TP52, PTEN, STK11, & CDH1 are linked to mutations from

highly penetrating forms of hereditary BrCA

Who should be offered genetic testing for breast CA mutations?

personal/fam hx of BrCA Suspicious for hereditary breast/ovarian CA syndrome women @ risk of fam w/ known deleterious mutations

Vit K deficiencies, warfarin therapy & malabsorption can all cause

prolonged PT


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