Latin Word of Day
Subject
Noun the sentence is about
amabatur
Passive voice imperfect, he was being loved
Caetum
Sky
Stat/bat
Standing
Turris
Tower
Valles
Valley
gramen
grass
mons
mountain
temp
time
ae/i
Both can be genitive singular and both be nominative plural
Women of Troy
Briseis is stolen from Achelies by Agamemnon during the war
Nubus
Clouds
Amaverant
Passive pluperfect
SPIDO
Subject, Possesion, I, D, Object of preposition
duodeviginti
eighteen, 18
caput
head
You [plural] will watch
spectabitis
palus
swamp
Sumus
we are present tense of the irregular verb sum
Agricola and Nauta
1st declension noun and masculine. Most of other 1st declension are feminine
video, videre, vidi, visus
2nd conjugation verb *see*
Direct objects
A noun that is directly affected by an action verb
Oedipus
Accidentally killed his dad and married his mom
Diana and Actaeom
Actaeom gets caught watching Diana take a bath in the woods and turns into a deer
Action verbs
Action verb shows action. Can have direct objects Ex. amant and portant
Ibi, nunc, semper, and tum
Adverbs, when and where
Aegean Sea
Aegeus jumped in this sea because he thought his son was dead
Mount Vesuvius Erupted
August 24, 79 AD
Amulius
Bad uncle who tried to get rid of Romulus and Remus
Sisyphus
Being punished by having to push a rock up a hill in the underworld over and over and over
Orpheus
Best musician. Tried to get Eurydice and looked back and failed and nlost her forever
Pompeii and Herculaneum
Both got destroyed by Mount Vesuvius
Perfect tense vs imperfect tense
Both happen in the past, perfect tense happened in the past and stopped, imperfect continues in the past
Videt vs. ponet
Both verbs, third person singular, videt is 2nd conjugation (present tense) and ponere is 3rd conjugation (future tense)
What there ways do nouns and adjectives have to agree?
Case, number, gender
Women of Troy
Cassandra is princess of Troy and is cursed. She can see the future but no one really believes her and she is the sister of Paris
Women of Troy
Clytemnestra (Agamemnon's Wife) killed Agamemnon because he killed Iphigenia
Corneli, porta aquam
Cornelius, carry the water. Corneli is vocative, with an imperative verb
Declension vs Conjugation
Declension is for nouns, conjugation is for verbs
Eurydice
Died and was locked in the underworld
Vocative Case
Direct address (when they're talking to each other out loud) endings almost always match nominative endings
Transitive vs. Intransitive
Direct object, not a direct object
Cloelia
First Roman woman honored with a statue
amo, amare, amavi, amatus
First conjugation with the letter a. Amo means love
Servius Tullius
Flaming headed kid boy and Tulia ran him over with a cart 2 times. Was the 6th king
Amabo vs ducam
Future tense first person. Amabo is I will love. Ducam is I will lead back. Amabo is first conjugation verbs. Ducam is third conjugation
Perseus
He killed Medusa
Women of Troy
Hecuba is the queen of Troy married to Priam
Women of Trojan war
Helen of Sparta was married to Menelaus, then was stolen by Paris from Troy
Pantheon
Hole in the top is called oculus and is Rome
Lares and penates
Household Gods
Ego sum tuus amicus
I am your friend
amabam
I was loving
Roman meals
Ientaculum- breakfast, prandium- lunch, cena- dinner.
vocabam
Imperfect tense, happened in the past and continued. I was calling
vir/puer vs ager
In common- Nouns, 2nd Declension Nominative They're different because fields or ager looses the e in all of the other forms
He runs into the house
Intransitive because into the house is a prepositional phrase
Ostia
It's Rome's port city
Consilium
It's a neuter noun (nominative or accusiative singular) and it means plan or advice
Kalends, Nones, Ides
Kalends is the first day, Nones is 5th or 7th of the month, and the Ides is 13th or 15th of the month. They're calendar terms
Theseus
Killed the Minotaur
Romulus
Killed twin brother Remus, raised by wolves, first king of Rome.
Midas
King that asked for everything he touched to be gold, then asked for it to be taken away. Bacchus gave him this power
Put 2018 into Roman Numerals
MMXVIII
Multa
Many things
Marce, porta aquam
Marcus, carry the water. Marce is vocative, with an imperative verb
Medea
Medea helps Jason get the golden fleece, leaves him and kills his kids.she's a witch. Marries king Aegeus and curses Theseus and Aegeus
viri
Men (nominative) of the man (genitive)
Meus carrus/tua Silva
My cart/ your forest
Numitor
Nice grandpa who sent them away
cases and uses in order
Nominative (subject), Genitive (possession, of), Dative (Indirect Object, to/for), Accusative (Direct Object), Ablative (Object of Preposition, by/with) In reverse alphabetical order, No Good Dogs Ate Apples,
Pullae
Nominative plural meaning girls, genitive singular meaning of the girl, dative singular to the girl
No Good Dogs Ate Apples
Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative Ablative
Genitive Case
Nouns that show possession and translate with the word of
Faustulus
Old shepherd who got Romulus and Remus from the wolves
Carthage
On Africa really close to Sicily
Mars and Rhea Silva
Parents of Romulus and Remus
Nobis
Personal pronoun, dative and ablative. To or for us. By or with us
Tibi/mihi
Personal pronouns both dative, to you/to me
Nos vs vos
Plural personal pronouns/ us/ you all
trahitur
Present passive, he is being dragged
Memoria Tenio
Remember
memoria tenere
Remember
Lupercalia
Roman festival of fertility which honored the wolf that raised Romulus and Remus. Sacrificed goats to make whips out of the skin which were then used to whip the women for fertility
Culina, triclinium, and cubiculum
Rooms in a house. Culina (kitchen) triclinium (dining room) and cubiculum (bedroom)
Vale
Saying goodbye to one person
Salvete
Saying hello to multiple people
Salve
Saying hello to one person
Brevis cappilli
Short hair
Signa
Sign or signal and it is neuter (nominative and accusative plural)
Parva puella, parvus agricola
Small girl, small farmer
Who taught who
Socrates-Plato-Aristotle-Alexander-Julius Caesar
Tunica
Something everyone wore
Saturnalia
Starts December 17th, To honor Saturn end of the harvest,
Appositive
Surrounded by commas and describes whatever is coming before it
Valete
Telling multiple people goodbye
Pantheon
Temple in Rome with a dome with an oculus (hole) in the middle. Pantheon means all of the Gods
Perfect Tense
The Latin past tense that happened in the past and stopped
2nd conjugation
The infinitive ends in long ere
Sisyphus
The original myth rock and roller. Was punished to push the rock up the hill
Tiber River
The river that flows through Rome
Adriatic Sea
The sea between Italy and Greece
Passive Voice
The subject is not doing the action, Flora was hit by the teacher
Linking verbs
They are like equal signs. Ex. Puella est parva
Para/Parate
They both commands or imperatives that mean prepare. Para is singular and Parate is plural
Subject Complement/Predicate Nominative
They follow linking verbs and have nominative endings. They modify the subject
Predicate Nominative
They follow linking verbs and rename the subject
Parabunt
They will prepare. It is future tense
Accusative Nouns (am,as)
They're direct objects
Nominative Nouns (a, ae)
They're the subject
Toga, tunica, stola
Toga (Roman men wore these) tunica (slaves just wore a tunica but anyone could wear it as an under garment) stola (dresses for woman)
Atalanta
Tossed away by her father and raised by bears, did not want to marry, her father convinced her to marry if a man could beat her in a race, her husband beat her by distracting her with shiny apples
Hector
Trojan Prince of Priam and Hecuba killed by Achilles and is Troy's best fighter
Aeneas
Trojan who fled to Italy and his son found Alb Longa
The Trojan War
Trojans vs. Greeks, Trojan prince stole Greeks queen wife (Helen aka Helen of Troy) Trojan Aeneas fled from war and found the Romans
Audi
Verb, imperative singular
Cupid and Psyche
We get the word psychology and she married cupid and wasn't allowed to see him. The she looked at him, got caught and was punished to getting a box in the underworld and was put into a deep sleep and cupid saved her even though she got caught twice.
Portati erimus
We will have been carried, future perfect passive
Predicate
What the subject is doing or whats being done to the subject
Pandora's Box
When she opened it up, she let out all the evil of the world , and let out hope too.
Laborate
Work Imperative verb, plural command
Three types of Latin questions
Yes or no (ne), implied yes (Nonne) implied no (Num), and question word question
Portavisti and docuisti
You carried, You taught
bulla
a necklace roman boys wore for protection
semper
always
equis
anytime you see a -is ending its dablative ( dative and ablative. definition is by or with horses
memento morī
be mindful of dying
cuckold
cheated on man
gen
create, to give birth
draco, draconis, m.
dragon, serpent
Boni agricolae, multi nautae
endings don't match because masculine plural nominatives. Good farmers, many sailors
caligo
fog
silva
forest
manu
hand
Aquam portat
he carries water, transitive
Amatus erat
he had been loved
Amatus est
he has been loved perfect passive
in aqua (long a) vs in aquam
in the water or on the water vs into/onto the water
jur/jus
law
N.B. (nota bene)
note well. used when you want someone to pay attention to a particular fact.
nunc
now
Ablative Case
objects of prepositions
equorum
of the horses genitive
Servorum
of the slaves. Orum is genitive plural
saxum
rock
Gratias tibi ago
thank you, I drive thanks to you
tum
then
ibi
there
esse quam videri
to be rather than to seem
venio, venire, veni, ventus
to come (4th conjugation)
venire, venio, veni, ventum
to come. Infinitive verb, 4th conjugation
aud
to hear
vid/vis
to see
ad astra per aspera
to the stars through difficulties
scrib
to write
culmen
top
ad Italiam
toward/near Italy
erat
was, he/she/it was, there was
ben
well
erant
were, there were, they were
ala, -ae, f.
wing
log
word/study
Aeschylus
wrote great tragedies, especially on Agamemnon (he was in charge of the Greek army)
heri, hodie, cras
yesterday, today, tomorrow
