Latin Word of Day

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Subject

Noun the sentence is about

amabatur

Passive voice imperfect, he was being loved

Caetum

Sky

Stat/bat

Standing

Turris

Tower

Valles

Valley

gramen

grass

mons

mountain

temp

time

ae/i

Both can be genitive singular and both be nominative plural

Women of Troy

Briseis is stolen from Achelies by Agamemnon during the war

Nubus

Clouds

Amaverant

Passive pluperfect

SPIDO

Subject, Possesion, I, D, Object of preposition

duodeviginti

eighteen, 18

caput

head

You [plural] will watch

spectabitis

palus

swamp

Sumus

we are present tense of the irregular verb sum

Agricola and Nauta

1st declension noun and masculine. Most of other 1st declension are feminine

video, videre, vidi, visus

2nd conjugation verb *see*

Direct objects

A noun that is directly affected by an action verb

Oedipus

Accidentally killed his dad and married his mom

Diana and Actaeom

Actaeom gets caught watching Diana take a bath in the woods and turns into a deer

Action verbs

Action verb shows action. Can have direct objects Ex. amant and portant

Ibi, nunc, semper, and tum

Adverbs, when and where

Aegean Sea

Aegeus jumped in this sea because he thought his son was dead

Mount Vesuvius Erupted

August 24, 79 AD

Amulius

Bad uncle who tried to get rid of Romulus and Remus

Sisyphus

Being punished by having to push a rock up a hill in the underworld over and over and over

Orpheus

Best musician. Tried to get Eurydice and looked back and failed and nlost her forever

Pompeii and Herculaneum

Both got destroyed by Mount Vesuvius

Perfect tense vs imperfect tense

Both happen in the past, perfect tense happened in the past and stopped, imperfect continues in the past

Videt vs. ponet

Both verbs, third person singular, videt is 2nd conjugation (present tense) and ponere is 3rd conjugation (future tense)

What there ways do nouns and adjectives have to agree?

Case, number, gender

Women of Troy

Cassandra is princess of Troy and is cursed. She can see the future but no one really believes her and she is the sister of Paris

Women of Troy

Clytemnestra (Agamemnon's Wife) killed Agamemnon because he killed Iphigenia

Corneli, porta aquam

Cornelius, carry the water. Corneli is vocative, with an imperative verb

Declension vs Conjugation

Declension is for nouns, conjugation is for verbs

Eurydice

Died and was locked in the underworld

Vocative Case

Direct address (when they're talking to each other out loud) endings almost always match nominative endings

Transitive vs. Intransitive

Direct object, not a direct object

Cloelia

First Roman woman honored with a statue

amo, amare, amavi, amatus

First conjugation with the letter a. Amo means love

Servius Tullius

Flaming headed kid boy and Tulia ran him over with a cart 2 times. Was the 6th king

Amabo vs ducam

Future tense first person. Amabo is I will love. Ducam is I will lead back. Amabo is first conjugation verbs. Ducam is third conjugation

Perseus

He killed Medusa

Women of Troy

Hecuba is the queen of Troy married to Priam

Women of Trojan war

Helen of Sparta was married to Menelaus, then was stolen by Paris from Troy

Pantheon

Hole in the top is called oculus and is Rome

Lares and penates

Household Gods

Ego sum tuus amicus

I am your friend

amabam

I was loving

Roman meals

Ientaculum- breakfast, prandium- lunch, cena- dinner.

vocabam

Imperfect tense, happened in the past and continued. I was calling

vir/puer vs ager

In common- Nouns, 2nd Declension Nominative They're different because fields or ager looses the e in all of the other forms

He runs into the house

Intransitive because into the house is a prepositional phrase

Ostia

It's Rome's port city

Consilium

It's a neuter noun (nominative or accusiative singular) and it means plan or advice

Kalends, Nones, Ides

Kalends is the first day, Nones is 5th or 7th of the month, and the Ides is 13th or 15th of the month. They're calendar terms

Theseus

Killed the Minotaur

Romulus

Killed twin brother Remus, raised by wolves, first king of Rome.

Midas

King that asked for everything he touched to be gold, then asked for it to be taken away. Bacchus gave him this power

Put 2018 into Roman Numerals

MMXVIII

Multa

Many things

Marce, porta aquam

Marcus, carry the water. Marce is vocative, with an imperative verb

Medea

Medea helps Jason get the golden fleece, leaves him and kills his kids.she's a witch. Marries king Aegeus and curses Theseus and Aegeus

viri

Men (nominative) of the man (genitive)

Meus carrus/tua Silva

My cart/ your forest

Numitor

Nice grandpa who sent them away

cases and uses in order

Nominative (subject), Genitive (possession, of), Dative (Indirect Object, to/for), Accusative (Direct Object), Ablative (Object of Preposition, by/with) In reverse alphabetical order, No Good Dogs Ate Apples,

Pullae

Nominative plural meaning girls, genitive singular meaning of the girl, dative singular to the girl

No Good Dogs Ate Apples

Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative Ablative

Genitive Case

Nouns that show possession and translate with the word of

Faustulus

Old shepherd who got Romulus and Remus from the wolves

Carthage

On Africa really close to Sicily

Mars and Rhea Silva

Parents of Romulus and Remus

Nobis

Personal pronoun, dative and ablative. To or for us. By or with us

Tibi/mihi

Personal pronouns both dative, to you/to me

Nos vs vos

Plural personal pronouns/ us/ you all

trahitur

Present passive, he is being dragged

Memoria Tenio

Remember

memoria tenere

Remember

Lupercalia

Roman festival of fertility which honored the wolf that raised Romulus and Remus. Sacrificed goats to make whips out of the skin which were then used to whip the women for fertility

Culina, triclinium, and cubiculum

Rooms in a house. Culina (kitchen) triclinium (dining room) and cubiculum (bedroom)

Vale

Saying goodbye to one person

Salvete

Saying hello to multiple people

Salve

Saying hello to one person

Brevis cappilli

Short hair

Signa

Sign or signal and it is neuter (nominative and accusative plural)

Parva puella, parvus agricola

Small girl, small farmer

Who taught who

Socrates-Plato-Aristotle-Alexander-Julius Caesar

Tunica

Something everyone wore

Saturnalia

Starts December 17th, To honor Saturn end of the harvest,

Appositive

Surrounded by commas and describes whatever is coming before it

Valete

Telling multiple people goodbye

Pantheon

Temple in Rome with a dome with an oculus (hole) in the middle. Pantheon means all of the Gods

Perfect Tense

The Latin past tense that happened in the past and stopped

2nd conjugation

The infinitive ends in long ere

Sisyphus

The original myth rock and roller. Was punished to push the rock up the hill

Tiber River

The river that flows through Rome

Adriatic Sea

The sea between Italy and Greece

Passive Voice

The subject is not doing the action, Flora was hit by the teacher

Linking verbs

They are like equal signs. Ex. Puella est parva

Para/Parate

They both commands or imperatives that mean prepare. Para is singular and Parate is plural

Subject Complement/Predicate Nominative

They follow linking verbs and have nominative endings. They modify the subject

Predicate Nominative

They follow linking verbs and rename the subject

Parabunt

They will prepare. It is future tense

Accusative Nouns (am,as)

They're direct objects

Nominative Nouns (a, ae)

They're the subject

Toga, tunica, stola

Toga (Roman men wore these) tunica (slaves just wore a tunica but anyone could wear it as an under garment) stola (dresses for woman)

Atalanta

Tossed away by her father and raised by bears, did not want to marry, her father convinced her to marry if a man could beat her in a race, her husband beat her by distracting her with shiny apples

Hector

Trojan Prince of Priam and Hecuba killed by Achilles and is Troy's best fighter

Aeneas

Trojan who fled to Italy and his son found Alb Longa

The Trojan War

Trojans vs. Greeks, Trojan prince stole Greeks queen wife (Helen aka Helen of Troy) Trojan Aeneas fled from war and found the Romans

Audi

Verb, imperative singular

Cupid and Psyche

We get the word psychology and she married cupid and wasn't allowed to see him. The she looked at him, got caught and was punished to getting a box in the underworld and was put into a deep sleep and cupid saved her even though she got caught twice.

Portati erimus

We will have been carried, future perfect passive

Predicate

What the subject is doing or whats being done to the subject

Pandora's Box

When she opened it up, she let out all the evil of the world , and let out hope too.

Laborate

Work Imperative verb, plural command

Three types of Latin questions

Yes or no (ne), implied yes (Nonne) implied no (Num), and question word question

Portavisti and docuisti

You carried, You taught

bulla

a necklace roman boys wore for protection

semper

always

equis

anytime you see a -is ending its dablative ( dative and ablative. definition is by or with horses

memento morī

be mindful of dying

cuckold

cheated on man

gen

create, to give birth

draco, draconis, m.

dragon, serpent

Boni agricolae, multi nautae

endings don't match because masculine plural nominatives. Good farmers, many sailors

caligo

fog

silva

forest

manu

hand

Aquam portat

he carries water, transitive

Amatus erat

he had been loved

Amatus est

he has been loved perfect passive

in aqua (long a) vs in aquam

in the water or on the water vs into/onto the water

jur/jus

law

N.B. (nota bene)

note well. used when you want someone to pay attention to a particular fact.

nunc

now

Ablative Case

objects of prepositions

equorum

of the horses genitive

Servorum

of the slaves. Orum is genitive plural

saxum

rock

Gratias tibi ago

thank you, I drive thanks to you

tum

then

ibi

there

esse quam videri

to be rather than to seem

venio, venire, veni, ventus

to come (4th conjugation)

venire, venio, veni, ventum

to come. Infinitive verb, 4th conjugation

aud

to hear

vid/vis

to see

ad astra per aspera

to the stars through difficulties

scrib

to write

culmen

top

ad Italiam

toward/near Italy

erat

was, he/she/it was, there was

ben

well

erant

were, there were, they were

ala, -ae, f.

wing

log

word/study

Aeschylus

wrote great tragedies, especially on Agamemnon (he was in charge of the Greek army)

heri, hodie, cras

yesterday, today, tomorrow


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