Leadership Exam 1

According to the path-goal theory of leadership, the personal characteristics of followers, which is a situational contingency, includes factors such as: A.the degree of task structure. B.the work group. C.motivation. D.formality.

C

Which of the following is an important characteristic of organizations during Leadership Era 3?

Cross-Functional Teams

According to the situational theory of leadership, the telling style reflects a low concern for both tasks and relationships. True False

False

Managers and leaders are inherently different types of people as leadership and management cannot go hand-in-hand.

False

An important aspect of leadership is: A. dictating changes required in an organization. B.maintaining a passive relationship with followers. C. maintaining the status quo and not creating change. D.influencing others to come together around a common vision.

NOT C

Which of the following statements is true of entrepreneurial leaders?

They are dissatisfied with the present.

People in organizations rise to the top because they:

can instill in others a sense of hope for the future.

Executive coaches:

encourage leaders to confront their flaws that inhibit effective leadership

Leader support and _____ are the two underlying dimensions of employee-centered leadership behavior.

interaction facilitation

According to the least preferred coworker (LPC) scale of Fiedler's model of leadership styles, if the leader describes the least preferred coworker using positive concepts, the leader:

is relationship oriented

According to Fiedler's contingency model of leadership, position power is low when the leader has:

little authority over subordinates and cannot evaluate their work.

It becomes easier for people to see their own opportunities for leadership when they:

stop equating leadership with greatness and public visibility

Which of the following supervisors demonstrates consideration?​

​Jamal listened carefully when Jessica explained why the customer was unhappy

According to Fiedler's contingency model of leadership, if a leader uses negative concepts to describe the least preferred coworker, he or she is considered a _____. A.task-oriented leader B."high-high" leader C. people-oriented leader D.democratic leader

A

According to the situational theory of leadership, a leader with a _____ provides little direction or support because complete responsibility for decisions and their implementation is turned over to followers. A.delegating leadership style B.selling leadership style C.telling leadership style D.participating leadership style

A

Which of the following is a characteristic of entrepreneurial leaders? A.They are concerned with innovation and creativity. B.They are unable to focus on long-term results. C.They are unwilling to learn new skills. D.They tend to be dependent on their followers.

A

Daniel, a management professor, wants to explain why a new paradigm leader is a facilitator rather than being a controller. Which of the following is the correct reason? A.The most important element of an organization's revenues is becoming the number of working hours. B.The financial basis of today's economy is becoming information rather than tangible assets. C. The old assumptions of sharing power and getting all employees involved are no longer valid. D.The success of an organization in today's world depends on the wealth of its owners.

B

In the context of the trait approach to leadership, the diversity of traits that effective leaders possess indicates that: A,leadership includes grasping diverse points of view and leaving everybody satisfied. B, leadership ability is not a genetic endowment. C. leadership ability cannot be acquired without a complete set of skills. D. leadership includes being prideful and arrogant.

B

Which of the following is an example of initiating structure behavior of leaders? A. Showing appreciation B.Directing tasks C.Seeking input from subordinates D.Listening carefully to problems

B

Which of the following is an example of initiating structure behavior of leaders? A.Showing appreciation B.Directing tasks C.Seeking input from subordinates D.Listening carefully to problems

B

Which of the following statements is true of drive? A. Leaders with drive tend to be less ambitious. B. Leaders with drive seek achievement and have energy. C. Drive refers to truthfulness and nondeception. D. Drive is the foundation of trust between leaders and followers

B

Which of the following statements is true of individualized leadership? A. It adopts a general leadership style that is used with all group members. B.It looks at the specific relationship between a leader and each individual follower. C. It holds that leaders have particular traits that distinguish them from non-leaders. D. It conceptualizes leadership as a single great individual who can put everything together and influence others to follow along.

B

In Leadership Era 2, _____ of leadership worked because leaders could analyze their situation and develop careful plans.

Behavior Theories

In the leader-member exchange research study on individualized leadership, leaders were trained to offer the opportunity for a high-quality relationship to all group members. According to this concept, which of the following is true of followers? A.The followers were treated in a positive or a negative way depending on their individual performances. B.The boon of establishing sharply differentiated in-group and out-group relationships was established. C.The followers who responded to the offer dramatically improved their performance. D. The in-group subordinates got better and the out-group subordinates got worse at their work respectively.

C

Many people have never tried to be a leader because: A.they do not have leadership skills. B.they lack the personality traits necessary for leadership. C.they have no understanding of what leaders actually do. D.leadership requires executive coaching.

C.they have no understanding of what leaders actually do

_____ refers to leadership influence based not on position or formal authority but, rather, on the qualities and personality of the leader.

Charismatic Leadership

According to the path-goal theory of leadership, which of the following leadership styles involves consulting with subordinates about decisions? A.Directive leadership B.Supportive leadership C.Achievement-oriented leadership D.Participative leadership

D

Erica, a team manager, was known for heading projects with diligence and conscientiousness. However, she was insensitive and excessively ambitious. She did not take feedback in a constructive manner. This prevented her from advancing in her career because she had problems motivating and communicating with her team members. In the context of the given scenario, which of the following phenomena does Erica experience? A.Communication apprehension B. Fear-based motivation C. Paradigm change D. Derailment

D

Which of the following is a difference between leader behavior toward out-group members and in-group members? A. Leaders assign interesting assignments to out-group subordinates, whereas leaders assign primarily routine jobs to in-group subordinates and monitor their work closely. B. Leaders usually impose their views on out-group subordinates, whereas leaders sometimes defer to in-group subordinates' opinions. C. Leaders give specific directives for how to accomplish tasks and attain goals to in-group subordinates whereas leaders trust out-group subordinates to use their own approaches in solving problems. D. Leaders listen to suggestions and ideas given by in-group subordinates, whereas little interest is shown in comments and suggestions given by out-group subordinates.

D

Which of the following statements is true of entrepreneurship? A.Entrepreneurship advocates dependence as the key to effective leadership. B.Leaders with entrepreneurial traits are dependent on others for making decisions. C.Entrepreneurship involves maintaining the status quo for established organizations. D.Leaders with entrepreneurial traits exist within established organizations.

D

Fred, the president of Choice Inc., is providing general guidelines to managers in his organization on how to develop effective personal qualities. Which of the following should be a part of the guidelines? A. Invest in people rather than in goods. B. Create change and a culture of agility and integrity. C. Focus on providing answers and solving problems. D. Have the courage to admit mistakes and doubts.

D. Have the courage to admit mistakes and doubts.

Which of the following statements is true of uniformity in organizations? A.It is encouraged in the new paradigm of leadership. B.People with similar job skills are placed in separate departments. C.Homogenous groups find it challenging to communicate with one another. D. Uniform thinking can be a disaster in a multinational and diverse world.

D. Uniform thinking can be a disaster in a multinational and diverse world.

Which of the following is a quality of managers? A.They create vision and strategy instead of planning and budgeting. B.They use personal influence instead of the power of their position. C.They invest in people instead of investing in goods. D.They have expert minds rather than open minds.

D.They have expert minds rather than open minds.

Jody manages the sales team for a sports equipment manufacturer. Sales have been slipping downward at an alarming rate. She called a department meeting and set sales goals that the team will need to meet. She doesn't care how they meet their goals; she just wants them to do it. Based on the path-goal theory, which leadership style is she using?

Directive Leadership

People excel in life by fixing their weaknesses, not by maximizing their strengths.

False

Talent arises from a strength that has been supported and reinforced with knowledge and skills.

False

The situational theory of leadership focuses on the characteristics of leaders as the most important element of the situation.

False

The use of substitutes to fill leadership "gaps" is often disadvantageous to organizations.

False

Th​e contingency approach to leadership sought to identify the traits leaders possessed that distinguished them from people who were not leaders.

False

Fred, the president of Choice Inc., is providing general guidelines to managers in his organization on how to develop effective personal qualities. Which of the following should be a part of the guidelines?

Have the courage to admit mistakes and doubts.

In the context of the path-goal theory of leadership, which of the following statements is true of supportive leadership?

It involves showing concern for subordinates' well-being and personal needs.

Which of the following statements is true of the Vroom-Jago contingency model of leadership?

It tells the leader precisely the correct amount of participation by subordinates to use in making a particular decision.

Which of the following statements is an outdated stereotype about leaders?

Leaders are different and above others

Wilma supervises the mutual funds team of Verdana Pvt. Ltd. She listens to the needs and opinions of her subordinates and does not believe in simply giving orders. She understands and accepts others when they do not share a certain mindset. She readily admits her mistakes and doubts, Which of the following qualities of Wilma is depicted in this scenario?

Leadership qualities

Which of the following statements is true of individualized leadership? A. It holds that leadership is a series of dyads or a series of two-person interactions. B. It assumes that a leader adopts a general leadership style that is used with all group members. C. It is based on the notion that leaders should not develop relationships with subordinates. D. It is against the concept of exchange, what each party gives to and receives from the other.

NOT B

Which of the following is a personal quality of leaders? A.Emotional distance B.Humility C.Conformity D.Insight into organization

NOT C

Which of the following statements is true of the art and science of leadership? A. Leadership is a science because many leadership skills and qualities cannot be learned from a textbook. B. Most people can learn to be good leaders no matter their innate characteristics. C. Many people have never tried to be a leader because it requires executive coaching. D. Leadership is an art because a growing body of knowledge and objective facts describes the leadership process.

NOT D

Jonni is a certified accountant who works from home without any personal contact from the organization that employs her. Which of the following characteristics of followers substitutes for people-oriented leadership in Jonni's situation? A.Highly structured task B.Group cohesiveness C.Professionalism D.Automatic feedback

Not A

Identify the correct statement regarding leadership. A. Leadership involves administrative paperwork. B. Leadership involves noncoercive influence. C. Leadership involves unidirectional influence. D. Leadership involves maintaining the status quo.

Not D

Steve leads the administrative department of Mayo Pvt. Ltd. He encourages people to perform to their maximum potential by providing support and regular feedback. He ensures that the opinions of his team members are considered before a decision is made. He does not believe in rigidity and inviolate procedures. In the context of the given scenario, Steve holds that: A.wealthy employees should be given more power. B.people at the bottom of the organizational hierarchy should have no power. C.human capital is more important than financial capital. D.tangible assets form the financial basis of today's economy.

Not D

Which of the following statements is true of Fiedler's contingency theory of leadership?

Relationship-oriented leaders are more effective in situations of moderate favorability.

Clarifying job responsibilities is an example of _____ leader behavior.

Task-Oriented(exhibit 2.5)

_____ are the distinguishing personal characteristics of a leader, such as intelligence, honesty, self-confidence, and appearance.

Traits

Leaders in an advisory role are responsible for developing broad organizational capabilities rather than accomplishing specific business results.

True

Leaders influence people to change by providing an inspiring vision of the future and shaping the culture and values needed to attain it.

True

Self-confidence doesn't mean being arrogant and prideful but rather knowing and trusting in oneself.

True

The contingencies most important to leadership are the situation and followers.

True

The contingency approaches explain the relationship between leadership styles and effectiveness in specific situations.

True

The myth of a "complete leader" can cause stress and frustration for leaders and followers, as well as damage to the organization.

True

The qualities needed for effective leadership are the same as those needed to be an effective follower.

True

With respect to the three types of leadership roles, leaders in collaborative roles typically don't have the strong position power of the operational role.

True

​Leaders at all levels need some degree of optimism to see possibilities and rally people around a vision for a better tomorrow.

True

A(n) _____ is a picture of an ambitious, desirable future for the organization or team.

Vision

According to the path-goal theory of leadership, which of the following situational contingencies consists of the educational level of subordinates and the quality of relationships among them?

Work-group characteristics