Leadership Final

Defining leadership as a process means

it is focused on influence

A meta-analysis comparing the effectiveness of female and male leaders found all of these except

men were more effective than women in government and education organizations

Taking cues about our own behavior from those around us descrives

mirroring

in mcgraths model diagnosing group deficiencies fits into what quadrant of critical leadership functions/?

monitor/internal

According to Fisher, some positive communication behaviors that account for successful leader emergence are:

Being informed, initiating new ideas

Which kind of the following traits were seen as dominant across multiple situations in Allport's theory?

Central Cardinal

The two sides of narcissim mentioned in the text are:

Constructive and reactive

In the focus on "inner-theatre" concept in psychodynamic approach, what does CCRT stand for?

Core Conflictual Relationship Teams

The Big Five consisted of all the following factors EXCEPT

Emotional intelligence

what type of power did Bill Gates have when he and Paul Allen started Microsoft by creating a computer operating system?

Expert

Of the Big five personality factors which is the MOST strongly associated with leadership?

Extroversion

According to adaptive leadership theory, all TECHNICAL challenges are adaptive challenges true of false

False

Most theories agree that globalization originated because of World War I true or false

False

One of the STRENGTH of trait leadership is that it has produced a definitive list of leadership traits true or false?

False

One of the WEAKNESSES of trait leadership is that It gives little guidance of what to look for in a leader true or false?

False

Surface traits actually produce source traits, true or false?

False

The surprising finding in Cattle's research was that Airline pilots and writers had all the same traits true or false?

False

You find out that it hard to figure out what is happening to your team. It seems that madness have taken over notably your boss but most of the team...what is this?

Folie a deux

According to both of personality video's who was the first American to be credited with trait theory in psychology?

Gordon Allport

Which of the following was NOT one of the theories presented in the class "10 theory" video?

Great woman theory

Which of the following take-aways was attributed to Freud?

He did NOT apply his ideas to the working world

who is considered largely responsible for adaptive leadership?

Heifetz

Specific, applications for the culture and leadership chapter included all of the following EXCEPT They....

Help maximize profit within a locally owned and operated organization

Who focused on leaders matching their style to the competence and commitment of employees?

Hersey and Blanchard

Factors that contribute to leadership effectiveness and rise of female leaders include all of the following eXCEPT

Higher effectiveness when the majority of subordinates are men

Who is/are the most referenced researcher(s) identifying five major dimensions on which cultures differ?

Hofstede :???

which answer best describes the elements of a model of transformational leadership?

Idealized influence, inspirational motivation, inspirational stimulation, individualized consideration

All of the following are strengths of the psychodynamic approach EXCEPT

It gives guidance on how to change one's personality

A criticism of the team leadership model is

It is too complex and isn't practical for a number of team leaders

Who created four dimensions that are important in assessing personality?

Jung

The assessment instrument to measure leader-membership exchange theory was called

LMX 7

The skills approach takes a __________ on leadership, like the trait approach

Leader-centered perspective

Due to researchers identifying problems with the term glass ceiling, an alternative metaphor now used is

Leadership labyrinth

Which kind of power is most closely associated with FORMAL organizational authority or a FORMAL title?

Legitimate

if followers are HIGH in competence and HIGH in commitment, a leader should adopt which style?

Low-directive and low-supportive style

Who is the CEO of Yahoo?

Marissa Mayer

path-goal theory is about how leaders ________subordinates to accomplish designated________

Motivate; goals

All of the following are used as characteristics in the MBTI EXCEPT

Nominalist/Intuitive

When Asked to estimate their abilities on GPA

None of the above

In Kotter's functions of Management and Leadership, which of the following were functions of leadership?

Organizing

The assessment instrument to measure path--goal theory leadership is called

Path-Goal leadership questionnaire

Which of the following was NOT specifically named as a competency in the "skills model?"

Performance

The LTQ instrument submitted in class measured...

Personal characteristics of leadership

One of the strengths of situational leadership II is that it is

Prescriptive

Leadership is a phenomenon that takes place in the context of the interaction between leaders and followers. The viewpoint would suggest leadership is accessible by all

Process

Which kind of power is most closely associated with wanting to be like another person?

Referent

The following traits are associated with charismatic leadership

Self-monitority Self-actualization Motivation to attain social power

The assessment instrument to measure Situational Leadership was

Situational leadership questionnaire

Performance outcome is measured by..

Standard external criteria

Muford et. al developed a capability model that included all the following as major categories EXCEPT

THERE ARE NO EXCEPTIONS (Environmental influences, Competencies, leadership outcomes, career experiences)

Sixty percent of the worlds managers are...

TJ

Which of the following was one of the three skills in Katz's three skill model?

Technical skills

All of the following are basic premises of the clinical perspective EXCEPT

There are no exceptions - there is a rationale behind every human act A great deal of mental life lies outside of conscious awareness most central part of a person in the way he or she regulates and expresses emotions We are all products of our past experiences

All of the following were types of management in Blake an Mounton's grid EXCEPT

There are no exceptions all of the above Country Club Impovershed Team Authority-compliant

Adler and Bartholomew, five cross-cultural competencies for leaders include all of the following EXCEPT:

There are no exceptions to.... Being able to adapt to living and communicating in other cultures learning the perspectives trends and tastes of many cultures understanding business, political and cultural environments worldwide being able to work with people form many cultures simultaneously

the early research on authentic leadership grew out of an underdeveloped area of which branch of leadership studies?

Transformational leadership

Everybody has a cardinal trait true or false?

True

Heifetz believes you cannot have collective leadership with out an authority position true or false

True

Mumford's research studied military personnel rather than business and organizational leaders, true or false?

True

Research indicates that women are devalued regarding leadership when there evaluators are men true or false?

True

The 10 theory video gave credit to Jesus Christ for Servant Leadership theory true or false?

True

The Youtube on ethics, presented in class, divided ethics into Relativism and Absolutism true or false

True

The leadership grid has been used extensively in training and development true or false

True

The skills approach suggests that many individuals have the potential for leadership true or false?

True

The skills model hypothesizes that any personality characteristic that helps people to cope with complex organizational situations probably is related to leader performance, true or false

True

The text suggested that the skills model must be questioned unless further tested in business true or false

True

Women are less likely than men to gestate for what they want true or false

True

Zaleznik proposed that neuroses of a top leader can be recreated throughout the organization true or false?

True

according to the crash course video, Neuroticism predicts behavior, true or false?

True

Which is the highest level of Kohlberg's theory of moral development?

Universal principles

Which best describes the overall results of Stogdill's second survey when compared with his initial survey?

Was more balanced in its descriptions of the role of traits and leadership

According to the leadership trait lecture video (not crash course)...

We don't know which of the above is true (The above was Personality traits drive us to certain careers, and careers develop certain personality traits)

Which of the following statements is true?

Women make up 50% of people in managerial/professional positions

The inclusion of Masculinity as a leadership trait, was explained by the text as...

a characteristic that was influenced by who was chosen as leadership models

The INTERPERSONAL definition of authentic leadership views leadership asa

adapting to the beliefs and values of followers

Of the Big Five personality factors, which is the LEAST strongly associated with leadership?

agreeableness

in the early stages of leader-member relationship development, leaders look for followers who exhibit EXCEPT

agreeableness

All of the following are classifications for a definition of leadership described in the text EXCEPT

an artistic process

Which of the following did the text consider an external environmental influence that can affect leadership outcomes

an economic recession

larson and lafasto included all the following in characteristics of team excellence except

caring about creativity

Which of the following elements was ranked #1 in the most GLOBE clusters?

charismatic/value based leadership

management by exception is mostly closely associated with

correcting misbehavior by employees

Path-goal theory suggests that leaders should respond to dogmatic/authoritarian followers form a

directive style

Teleological theories include all of the following except...

ethical egalitarianism

The ethics theory that is high in self-interest and low in concern for others is...

ethical egoism

Heifetz believes that leaders should take the problem off of peoples shoulders and give them a solution true or false

false

Luthans and Volio's model of authentic leadership includes humility t or f

false

One of the strengths of Path-goal that it gives a clear interpretation of needs for leadership true or false

false

Path-goal theory has strong support from empirical research true or false

false

Social judgement is a "leadership outcome" in the skills model true or false?

false

The minute MBA video cites a Harvard study that shows business groups collective IQ was the same for mixed groups of men and women when compared to men only teams true or false

false

early studies in LMX focused on organizational effectiveness true or false

false

situational leadership can be applied to different levels in companies true or false

false

the situational takes the influence of gender into account during leader-follower situations true or false

false

Which of the following are considered to be necessary for motivation to be effective?

1.Willingness to tackle the problem 2. Commitment to the social good of the organization

In 2014 what percentage of privately owned businesses were women-owned ?

40%

how many cultural dimensions did GLOBE researchers identify?

9

Adaptive leadership stresses

A B and C Adaptive work Leader behaviors Situational challenges

Which of the following were considered STRENGTHS in adaptive leadership?

A B and C Taking a process approach Being follower centered helping followers deal with conflicting values

What of the following are standard "personality" tests used in industry?

A and B A. MMPI B. Myers-Briggs

According to both of personality video's which of the following acronyms were recommended for the Big Five?

A and B A. OCEAN B. CANOE

In the skills model, GENERAL cognitive ability refer to

A and B A. perceptual processing B. General reasoning skills

The MATURE partnership phase is characterized by all the following EXCEPT:

tasks

Path-goal theory suggests all the following EXCEPT

that leaders need confidence and articulateness

according to the early leader-member exchange theory, all the following are true EXCEPT

the leader usually expects extra duties form out-group members

All of the following are true statements about authentic leadership EXCEPT

there are no exceptions - scholarship on authentic leadership is very RECENT the PRACTICAL approach is based on real-life examples There is no SINGLE accepted definition of authentic leadership Authentic leadership is PRESCRIPTIVE

house suggest charismatic leaders are all of the following eXCEPT

there are no exceptions being dominant self-confident strong desire to influence strong moral values

all of the following were included in the recipe for adaptive leadership EXCEPT

there were no exceptions Get on the balcony regulate distress maintain disciplined attention protect leadership voices from below

Critical life events affect authentic leadership because

they act as a catalyst for change

Followers with an INTERNAL locus of control believe...

they are in charge of the events that occur in their lives

Social identity theory would suggest leadership emergence occurs when

they became most like the group prototype

Kohlberg's stages of moral development included which of the following?

A and B Conventional morality pre-conventional morality

Which of the following kinds of power does Kotter contend comes from position?

A and B Legitimate Reward

Which of the following was/were one of the 3 major decisions enumerated in the test as to "whether and how to intervene to improve team functioning?"

A and B Should I monitor or take action? Should I intervene to meet task or relational needs?

Sheryl Sandburg makes all the recommendations for women would wanted to stay in the workplace EXCEPT

A and B Sit at the table Make your partner your real partner

In Hill's model, INTERNAL leadership actions include which of the following actions

A and B A. Relational B. Task

Culture is defined in the pelligrino video as that which is:

A and B Accepted Familiar

According to the Sheryl Sandburg Youtube video on gender, since 2022 the number of women on boards and at the "C-level"

A and B Have nearly doubled, Is increasing but not nearly fast enough

Which of the following were WEAKNESSES of the styles approach?

A and B It has not shown how styles related to outcomes It failed to produce a universal style for all situations

Which of the following were STRENGTHS of the styles approach?

A and B It shifted research from the trait approach A wide range of studies support it basic tenents

The most commonly used measure for communication style include

A and B LBDQ Leadership Grid

The underlying assumption of Vroom Expectancy theory is followers think

A and B Payoffs are worthwhile They are capable

The styles approach incorporates which of the following?

A and B Relationship behaviors Task behaviors

According to Walumbwa, what factors critical life events?

A and B Moral reasoning Positive psychological capacites

In a major review in 1948 Stogdill suggested

A consistent set of traits differentialities leaders from nonreaders

According to the text, emotional intelligence includes our ability to perceive and....

A, B and C A. Express emotions B. Use emotions to facilitate thinking C. Manage one's emotions within oneself and in regard to others

According to the Minute MBA video companies with women on their boards have higher

A, B and C A. Sales B. Returns on invested capital C. Returns on equity

Ethos can be translated as...

A, B and C Character Conduct Customs

According to the Minute MBA video of women

A, B and C Have a better command of the language than men women on average do better than men in sensing emotions speak more words in a day than men

Meg Whitman says that listening is

A, B and C A. The right thing to do B. Leads to a competitive advantage C. Is an antidote to arrogance

Which of following was an unconscious assumption of groups that Bion used to explain why they may not perform?

A, B and C Dependency Fight or Flight Pairing

which of the following were considered WEAKNESS in adaptive leadership?

A, B and C Lack of empirical evidence needing the process to be refined too wide ranging and abstract

Which of the following were used by the text to describe the "opportunism" leader

A, B and C Self motivated Ruthless Cunning

Chapter two summarized leadership with all of the following traits EXCEPT

A. Intelligence B. Sociability C. Integrity D. Determination There are no exceptions all of the above were leadership traits

the assessment instrument to measure authentic leadership theory was called

ALQ

What is the leadership instrument used to measure adaptive leadership?

Adaptive leadership questionnaire

Of the Big Give personality factors, with is the LEAST strongly associated with leadership?

Agreeableness

The ethics theory that is low in self-interest and high in concern for others is:

Altruism

Michael Hughes a university president known for his open door policy and eating with students was noted by chapter two for his high level of

sociability

"Opportunism" refers to a leader who has which of the following scores on the managerial grid?

Any of the above depending on the situation 1,9 9,1 9,9

Which of the following leadership traits or skills is more likely to belong to men than to women?

Authoritative

psedutransofmational leadership

focuses on the leader's own interests rather than than the interests of others

What attribute begins to decline later in adulthood?

general cognitive ability

What characteristic is considered a gender stereotype of women?

helpfulness

Which of the following did ch 16 begin with as a rationale for understanding why there is a need to understand cultural differences and leadership ?

increase of globalization

During the ACQUAINTANCE phase of leadership making, subordinates tend to focus

on both their own and the group's interest

Kotter suggested that management produces _____and______

order and consistency

According to the crash course video the most recent version of the MMPI has...

over 500 questions

Path-goal theory suggests that leaders should respond to autonomous group members with unstructured tasks from a ...

participative style

adaptive challenges

require a change in the way people think and act

Leader' power to provide pay raises and promotions is

reward

According to the Anglo culture cluster, the least desire leader behavior is...

self-protective leadership

A criticism of transformational leadership is that a casual link between it and positive outcomes has not been established true or false

true

A strength of authentic leadership is that it provides broad guidnlies for those who wish to become authentic leaders t or f

true

A weakness of leadership member exchange theory is that it tends to set up a system of partiality true or false

true

D1 subordinates are not certain that they can do the job by themselves true or false

true

Heifetz says technical problems could also be called routine problems true or false

true

In group members are easily identifeid by their willingness to stay within job and task guidelines true or false

true

Later studies of leadership-member exchange theory showed that high-quality relationship between leader and subordinates produced less employee turnover true or false

true

a criticism of transformational leadership is that it suffers from heroic leadership bias true or false

true

according to the text LMX is the only theory that makes dyadic relationship a centerpiece true or false

true

groups can change their level of development in short periods of times such as 48 hours true or false

true

one problem with authentic leadership is the lack of empirical research t or f

true

More than 30 years ago, leader-member exchange theory appeared under the title of

vertical dyad linkage theory