Leadership w/ diverse people Final Exam

types of boundary spanning

1. ambassador activities 2. task coordinator activities 3. scout activities

Differentiate between mechanistic and organic structure

A mechanistic organizational structure is characterized by high centralization, complexity, and formalization. On the other hand, an organic organizational structure is characterized by low centralization, low formalization, and low complexity.

Which of the following scenarios illustrates a case of ethnocentrism A) Liam, a millwright from Kentucky, ignores input from engineers at his tractor company's Japanese subsidiary because he believe Americans build the best tractors B) T.J a TV producer from Cali that goes out of his way to share ideas and methods with other produces from India, South Korea, and Hollywood C) Chad, a fisherman from Alaska, has tried using nets manufactured in Japan and Russia, but finds his American-made nets performed better D) Nelson, a civil engineer from NY that comes off pushy and rude when he visits engineering firms in Nordic Europe

A) Liam, a millwright from Kentucky, ignores input from engineers at his tractor company's Japanese subsidiary because he believe Americans build the best tractors

Which type of network structure in communication has the lowest degree of centralization A) all-channel network B) circle network C) Y network D) wheel network E) X network

A) all-channel network

The Chinese culture is a tight social framework I which people take care of the members of a broader in group andante loyal to it. In the context of Hofstede's dimensions, what is the personality dimension used to describe Chinese culture A) collectivism B) uncertainty avoidance C) masculinity D) low power distance E) short-term orientation

A) collectivism

The Big Five personality dimension that has the biggest influence on job performance is A) conscientiousness B) extraversion C) agreeableness D) openness to experience E) neuroticism

A) conscientiousness

William works for a small firm with only enough money budgeted to use one test to help with hiring decisions. What kind of test would be the most generally beneficial for the company as the ability it tests is applicable to the most jobs? A) general cognitive ability B) emotional stability C) sensory ability D) physical ability E) honesty

A) general cognitive ability

In highly cohensive teams, when members try to maintain harmony by strving toward consensus on issues without ever offering, seeking or considering alternative viewpoints and perspectives.. this is: A) groupthink B) centralization C) group cohension D) interdependence E) cognitive dissonance

A) groupthink

Technically, Vinh's direct supervisor is Leila, but his de facto boss is his colleague Mark, who has been with the company for several years. Vinh has stopped even trying to get Leila's feedback on problems, since she always seems to be out of the office for some reason or another, and even when she is there, she avoids talking to anyone. Leila is demonstrating A) laissez-faire leadership B) transactional leadership C) contingent reward leadership D) active management by expection E) passive management by execption

A) laissez-faire leadership

The leader-member exchange theory argues that A) new relationships between leaders and members are typically marked by a role taking phase B) most leaders can judge their performance by refeering to the number of companies they have created C) leader traits holds more practical releavance than leader actions D) the correlations of the trait-leadership mangintude are strong

A) new relationships between leaders and members are typically marked by a role taking phase

______ refers to the structure and propensities inside a person that explain his or her characteristics patterns of thought, emotion and behavior A) Personality B) Cultural values C) attributions D) ethnocentrism E) perception

A) personality

Process gain is synonymous with A) synergy B) team conflict C) decision infirmity D) confidence building E) hierachhcial sensitivity

A) synergy

Centralization effects A) where decisions are formally made in an organization B) the degree to which tasks in organizations are divided into seperate jobs C) how many employees each manager in the organization has responsibitly for D) answers the question of "who report to whom" and signifies formal authority relationships

A) where decisions are formally made in an organization

Which of the following is a true of teams A) A team consists of two or more people who work independently, with distinct goals and strategies B) A team works interdependently over some time period to accomplish common goals related to some task-oriented purpose C) groups are formed with a specific purpose in mind, while teams do not have a specific goal D) the members of a team operate relatively independently of each other and other members are not essential to their completion of goals

B) A team works interdependently over some time period to accomplish common goals related to some task-oriented purpose

Peyton is a well liked intern at Gary's Try-state metal sales. Customers and co-workers would describe Peyton as a kind, cooperative, sympathetic and warm. Peyton probs has a great deal of the Big Five Trait of A) conscientiousness B) agreeableness C) extraversion D) neuroticism E) openness

B) agreeableness

When members of a team develop emtional nonds to other members of the team and to the team itself, they have _______ which tends to foster high levels of motivation and commitment to the team A) potency B) cohesion C) groupthink D) transparency E) shared compentency

B) cohesion

High assertiveness and low cooperation reprsents the style of conflict resolution known as A) avoiding B) competing C) compromise D) collaboration E) Accomodating

B) competing

In a confict situation, Pat attempts to get his needs met without any concern for the needs of the other party. He utilizes _______ a conflict resolution style A) avoiding B) competing C) compromise D) collaboration E) Accomodating

B) competing

According to longitudinal studies, the two Big Five dimensions most dependent on genes are A) conscientiousness and extraversion B) extraversion and openness C) Agreeableness and openness D) neuroticism and agreeableness E) openness and conscientiousness

B) extraversion and openness

An example of work team would be A) A band traveling around the country for six months, playing shows at different venues B) group of four workers making a specific part on the production line of an automobile factory C) team that oversees the functioning of all the teams in an organization and coordinates activities among teams D) team composed of interior designers, architect and builders involved in designing and creating the layout of a new hotel

B) group of four workers making a specific part on the production line of an automobile factory

According to the leader-member exchange theory, the two general types of leaders-member dyads are A) role taking exchange and role selling exchange B) high-quality exchange and low-quality exchange C) intrinsic and extrinsic D) role making and role selling

B) high-quality exchange and low-quality exchange

As the level of task interdependence ______, members must spend ______ amounts of time communicating and coordinating with other members to complete tasks. A) decrease; similar B) increases; increasing C) increases; decreasing D) decreases; increasing E) Remains the same; increasing

B) increases; increasing

The type of power sometimes referred to as "formal authority" is _______ power A) structual B) legitmate C) politcal D) reward E) expert

B) legitmate

Team ________ is a term that reflects the different types of communication, activities, and interactions that occur within teams that contribute to their ultimate end goals. A) gain B) process C) diversity D) cohesion E) effectiveness

B) process

Noted for his flamboyant ties and his outspoken opinions, Billy is no ordinary vice president within the gigantic Mulray Corporation. Top management has identified him as one of the rising stars, and he has an enormously loyal following among the company's youngest and most energetic executives. Everyone, it seems, wants to be around Billy, who possesses a great deal of ________ power within the organization A) reward B) referent C) coercive D) structural E) collaborative

B) referent

On the third day teaching public school, Tiffany who is used to teaching at a small private school, has become very frustrated with the larger class size and louder behavior than she is used to. When Kathy the principal comes into the room and asks how she is doing, despite wanting to pretend everything is under control, Tiffany admits that she is feeling a bit frustrated and overwhelmed because she is not use to this environment. Tiffany has just displayed: A) spatial ability B) self-awareness C) other awareness D) perceptual ability E) emotion awareness

B) self-awareness

"Diversity on attributes such a a cultural background, race, and attitudes is associated with the communication problems and ultimately poor team effectiveness." This statement represents the theory of the ______ approach to diversity in teams A) cooperative diversity B) similarity- attraction C) surface-level D) diversity combining E) value in diversity problem-solving

B) similarity- attraction

________ is the phenomenon occuring when members of a team exert less effort when working on team tasks than they would if they worked alone on those same tasks A) groupthink B) social loafing C) self-serving bias D) social facilation E) Framing effect

B) social loafing

Halle is on a team that has just been formed. There are people of a wide variety of ages and ethnicities, and there is an even blend of men and women. Halle's team demonstrates A) deep-level diversity B) surface-level diversity C) high task performance D) conjunctive task completion E) low outcome interdependence

B) surface-level diversity

Emotional intelligence is an ability A) to avoid unpleasant settings B) that affects social functioning C) that improves physical performance D) to apply general rules to specific problems E) to make sense of information and find patterns

B) that affects social functioning

In Hofstede's dimensions, a culture low on ____ tolerates ambiguous situations and values unusual ideas and behaviors A) collectivism B) uncertainty avoidance C) masculinity D) power distance E) short-term orientation

B) uncertainty avoidance

Which of the following represents the carrot and stick apporach to leadership A) laissez-faire leadership B) passive-avoidant leadership C) transactional leadership D) chrasmastic leadership E) transformational leadership

C) transactional leadership

Self-awareness refers to the ability of people to A) harness emotions and employ them to improve their chances of being successful in whatever they are seeking to do B) understand the type of emotions they are experiencing, acknowledge them, and express them naturally. C) block out any sensation of emotions as they move through life in pursuit of specific goals D) recognize and understand the emotions that other people are feeling E) be able to recover quickly from emotional expereinces

B) understand the type of emotions they are experiencing, acknowledge them, and express them naturally.

Which of the following statement is true? A) wide spans of control tend to be associated with centralized decision making B) narrow spans of control tend to be associated with decentralized decision making C) A high level of work specialization tends to bring about a high level of work formalization D) Mechanistic orgnizations are typified by a structure that relies on low levels of work formalization

C) A high level of work specialization tends to bring about a high level of work formalization

Which of the following refers to the relatively stable capabilities people have to perform a particular range of different but related activities? A) knowledge B) beliefs C) ability D) values E) attitudes

C) ability

Cognitive abilities are related to the A) capacity to manipulate and control objects B) appraisal and recognition of emotion in others C) acquisition and application of knowledge in problem solving D) degree to which people can harness emotions and use them to succeed E) ability to perceive colors and judge relative distances between things accurately

C) acquisition and application of knowledge in problem solving

Adjectives that describe opposite traits for agreeableness would include A) nervous, moody, emotional B) careless, sloppy and lazy C) critical, selfish, and rude D) quiet, shy, inhibited E) calm, steady and relaxed

C) critical, selfish, and rude

using general rules to solve problems is referred to as ________ reasoning A) probabilistic B) quantitative C) deductive D) inductive E) spatial

C) deductive

Personality traits are a function of both your A) values and beliefs B) beliefs and environment C) environment and genes D) genes and perceptions E) culture and beliefs

C) environment and genes

Which of the following is a dimension of the Big Five taxonomy A) integrity B) motivation C) extraversion D) veiled purpose E) locus of control

C) extraversion

In mechanistic organization, employees are A) encouraged to engage in lateral communication B) required to make their own decsions when appropriate C) given a very narrow view of tasks they are to perform D) urged to develop knowledge outside of their speacialization

C) given a very narrow view of tasks they are to perform

Gracie was recently hired by a detective agency after rounds of pre-employment testing and interviews. The pre-employment testing showed that she had a high ability to gather information regarding crimes, filter out unwanted information, and draw the right conclusions to strengthen her case. We can say that the pre-employment tests revealed that Gracie is good at A) verbal comprehension B) quantitative reasoning C) inductive reasoning D) spatial reasoning E) visualization

C) inductive reasoning

The best response to influence tactics, from the standpoint of the leader, is when a shift in both the behaviors and the attitudes of employees occurs otherwise known as A) accomdating B) substitutabilty C) internalization D) collaboration E) compliance

C) internalization

As organizations become larger, they tend to become more _______ in nature A) simple B) cultural C) mechanistic D) organic E) flat

C) mechanistic

Parkdale Windows utilizes a classic assembly line in manufacturing its window components. Which type of interdependence is depicted? A) pooled B) response C) sequential D) reciprocal E) comprehensive

C) sequential

The effects of general cognitive ability on job performance are most pronounced in the area of A) administrative skills B) managerial capabilities C) task performance D) interpersonal functioning E) affective commitment

C) task performance

The more communication flows through fewer members of the team, the higher the degree of A) cohesion B) divisivness C) social loafing D) centralization E) interpersonal conflict

D) centralization

Which of the following represents the three general categories into which abilities can be grouped A) social, physical, and emotional B) emotional, social and cognitive C) physical, cognitive and external D) cognitive, emotional and physical

D) cognitive, emotional and physical

Which of the following statements is true regarding emotional intelligence A) Emotional intelligence and cognitive intelligence are measures of the same ability B) emotional intelligene is a determinant of successful social functioning only C) emotional intelligence is vital as it always aligned to the organization's value D) emotional intelligence can sometimes compensate for a deficit in cognitive intelligence

D) emotional intelligence can sometimes compensate for a deficit in cognitive intelligence

The "g-factor" refers to A) gross motor facilitation B) gross body equilibrium C) gross body coordination D) general cognitive ability E) general adaptation syndrome

D) general cognitive ability

_____ reflects whether people attribute the causes of events to themselves or to the external environment A) differential exposure B) zero acquaintance C) ethnocentrism D) locus of control E) differential reactivity

D) locus of control

Which of the following is one of Hofstede's dimensions of cultural values? A) trait activation B) situational strength C) negative affectivity D) masculinity- feminity E) extraversion-introversion

D) masculinity- feminity

Major types of power can be grouped along two dimensions: A) inner and outer B) social and personal C) organizational and politcal D) organizational and personal E) professional and organizational

D) organizational and personal

Span of control A) is the degree to which tasks in an organiation are divided into seperate jobs B) answers the question of "who report to whom" and signifies formal authority relationships C) refers to where decsions are formally made in an organization D) refers to the number of employees each manager is responsible for in an organization E) is the degree to which rules and procedures are used to standardize behaviours and decsions in an organization

D) refers to the number of employees each manager is responsible for in an organization

_______ manfiest when the target refuses to perform the influence request and puts forth an effort to avoide having to do it A) internalization B) collaboration C) compliance D) resistance E) conflict

D) resistance

Being able to recover quickly from emotional experiences reflects one's A) self-awareness B) span of control C) locus of control D) other awareness E) emotion regulation

E)

Five students from KLM School have been selected to form the team that would represent the school in the National Science contest. These students have been meeting face-to-face after school to come up with a prize winning scientific model. This activity that the students are engaged in is referred to as A) boundary spanning B) social loafing C) ambassador acitivty D) scrouting activity E) brainstorming

E) brainstorming

Alisha is the manager of Fresh Marketplace, an organic café, juice bar, and supermarket. The company has recently been faced with competition from Oriole Organic Supermarket. Alisha meets with her team to get their thoughts on how Fresh Marketplace can become more competitive. They have a limited budget, so she needs to figure out where to best spend the money they have. After the meeting, she weighs their ideas before making a decision. Alisha's leadership style is A) Autocratic B) facilitative C) Democratic D) team-based E) consulative

E) consulative

Mark,David, Tia, and Ashley are team members in a computer programming class. They have been assigned the task of creating a computerized payroll system. Mark and Tia worked very hard and created programs that worked well. David and Ashley, however, did not work as hard as they could and created programs with numerous errors. This resulted in a payroll system which could not be implemented. The team's poor performance that was a result of David and Ashley not doing their best can be termed as A) groupthink B) synergy C) social facilaition D) hieriachal sensitivty E) motivational loss

E) motivational loss

The Big Five dimension of ______ is also called by its flip side "emotional stability" or "emotional adjustment" A) conscientiouness B) extraversion C) agreeableness D) openness to experience E) neuroticism

E) neuroticism

______ ability is a diverse set of abilities associated with sensing and solving problems using insight, rules and logic A) verbal B) quantitative C) perceptual D) spatial E) reasoning

E) reasoning

Leaders who control rescources to which no one else has access can use their power to gain greater influence. This is associated with the contigency factor known as A) visbility B) centrality C) discretion D) ingratation E) substitutability

E) substitutability

Formalization refers to A) where decisions are formally made in an organization B) the degree to which tasks in organizations are divided into seperate jobs C) how many employees each manager in the organization has responsibitly for D) answers the question of "who report to whom" and signifies formal authority relationships E) the degree to which rules and procedures are used to standardize behaviors and decsions in an organization

E) the degree to which rules and procedures are used to standardize behaviors and decsions in an organization

Matrix structures A) are generally used by small organizations in which the manager, president and owner are all the same person B) place the functions required to serve a business under a manager who is in charge of a specific location C) organize their business around serving customers that all act in a similar way D) group buisness units around different products that the company produces E) try to take advantage of two types of structures at the same time

E) try to take advantage of two types of structures at the same time

While ________ teams focus on the accomplishment of core operational-level production and service tasks, ________ teams focus on integrating the activities of subunits across business functions. A) management; work B) action; work C) parallel; project D) project; work E) work; management

E) work; management

Distinguish between distributive bargaining and integrative bargaining

Integrative Negotiation aims for mutual gain, whereas Distributive Negotiation aims for maximizing personal benefits. The outcome of Distributive Negotiation is always a win-lose scenario, whereas it's a win-win scenario for Integrative Negotiation.

Boundary Spanning

Interactions among team members and individuals and groups who are not part of the team

According to the value in diversity problem-solving approach, diversity in attributes such as cultural background, race and attitudes are associated with communication problems and ultimately poor team effectiveness

false

Distributive barganing is aimed at accompolishing a win-win scenario

false

Employees tend to be more satisfied with jobs that require them to perform a specialzed kind of activty

false

For the delegative style of decsion making, the teamwork skills of the employees invloved are not important

false

It is impossible for a person to possess all of the form of power at the same time

false

Organic organiaztions are efficient, rigid, predictable and standardized organzation that thrive in stable enviroments

false

Transition processes are relevant before the team actually begins to conduct the core aspects of its work, but they have no role between periods of work activity

false

Wide spans of control allow managers to be much more hands-on with employees

false

cognitive ability tends to be equally correlated with citizenship behavior and task performance

false

restructuring an organization has a immediate positive impact on task performance because restructuring helps employees view their jobs in new and exciting ways

false

Four Types of Task Interdependence

pooled, sequential, reciprocal, comprehensive

Task interdependence

the degree to which a team designs its creative tasks in an interconnected way such that team members by design depend on one another when performing their tasks.

Abilities are a function of both genes and environment

true

Abilities can be modified over time, unlike skills which remains stable over one's lifetime

true

From the perspective of job performance, neuroticism is the most important of the Big Five.

true

In the context of the Big Five taxonomy, a submissive person is said to be extravert

true

In the context of the Big Five taxonomy, openness to experience is positively related to performance across all occupations

true

Personality refers to the structure and propensities inside people that explain their characteristic patterns of thought, emotion, and behavior.

true

Quantitative ability includes the mathematical capabilities of number facility and mathematical reasoning

true

Rational persuasion is the only tactic that is consistenly sucessful in the case of upward influence

true

Task interdependence is one of the most important characteristics that distinguish true teams from mere groups or individuals

true

The chain of command helps the organization to attain order, control and predictable performance

true

Tran needs to increase his team's creativity. He calls them in to a meeting and tells them to shout out as many ideas as they can think of for a new project. No one is to analyze or criticize any ideas while this exercise is going on. Tran is using a brainstorming technique

true

Transformational leaders heighten followers awareness of the importance of certain outcomes while increasing their confidence that those outcomes can be acheived

true

a high degree of goal interdependence exists when team members have a shared vision of the team's goal and align their individual goals with that vision as a result

true

emotional intelligence is more important determinant of job performance for people with lower levels of cognitive intelligence

true

Those with low scores on neuroticism are more likely to demonstrate Type A behavior patterns

tue