LearningCurve 7a. Studying Memory
_____ is NOT an effective effortful processing strategy to better remember information.
Massed practice
Strange as it may seem, you have run into the same coworker four times today in four different locations. You get a little nervous, wondering if she is following you. Your ability to unconsciously keep track of the number of times something happens to you is known as:
automatic processing.
Jaylen found the ISBN of the book she wanted to order in the Books in Print catalog. To remember the 11-digit number, 19772552901, she thought of the number as the year her best friend was born (1977) and her aunt's phone number (255-2901). Jaylen was using the strategy of _____ to help her remember the ISBN number.
chunking
Studying for one's psychology test requires _____. It takes attention and conscious effort but pays off with lasting and accessible memories.
effortful processing
Which factor is believed to be the synaptic basis for learning and memory?
long-term potentiation
At a block party, Derek meets nine new neighbors. Moments later he can only remember the names of the first three and last two neighbors he met. The fact that Derek can remember the first three and last two people he met BEST reflects the _____ effect.
recency
Jermaine is happy to hear that his class final will be all multiple-choice questions, because he believes he has a better chance to pass the class by using _____.
recognition
A multiple-choice question asks students to select from among several possibilities the brain area most involved in emotion. Such a question is a _____ test of _____ memory.
recognition; explicit
Melissa studied adequately for her short-answer psychology exam. However, while taking the final, she could not remember the material she previously retained. According to the computer information-processing model of memory, Melissa is having difficulty with _____.
retrieval
Our tendency to recall the last and first items in a list is known as the _____ effect.
serial position
The primacy and recency effects are both components of the _____ effect.
serial position
Theo suffers from depression and is currently in treatment. His physician is using electroconvulsive therapy, which will affect his _____ memory.
working
A long time ago Leslie was stuck in an elevator for over three hours. Although generally not claustrophobic, after two hours, she felt like the elevator walls were closing in on her. Now 10 years later, she still vividly recalls the details of the emotionally traumatic experience. What is MOST likely causing her long-lasting robust memory of this event?
Stress hormones increase glucose activity, which then fuels brain activity.
The three steps in memory information processing are:
encoding, storage, and retrieval.
Some of our memories of an emotionally significant moment or event are vividly clear. These are known as _____ memories.
flashbulb
Tim remembers the exact moment he heard about the 2012 mass shooting at Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, Connecticut. Tim has a(n) _____ memory for this event.
flashbulb
If you learn a list of chemistry terms while you are in a great mood, you have a better chance of recalling that list if you are in the same kind of mood when you take the exam. This is known as:
state-dependent memory.
Xui is studying for her chemistry exam. After reviewing the information she learns in lectures and from the textbook, she takes practice tests to test her understanding and memory of what she has learned. Xui is using the distributed practice technique often called the:
testing effect.