Lecture 5: Two Coordinate Systems

What unit/projection is used in UTM coordinate system?

UTM Divide the world into 60 N/S zones 6 degree band of longitude Projection: Transverse Mercator projection Two false origins are established for each zone to make sure northing (y) and easting (x) value positive Example: 305,900m E, 4,771,650mN, Zone 16 North

What is UMT?

UTM uses a two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system to give locations on the surface of the Earth. It extends around the world from 84oN to 80oS. The UTM system is not a single map projection. The system instead divides the Earth into 60 North-South zones covering the earth from East to West. Each zone has a central meridian, and covers a six-degree band of longitude.

Commonly used coordinate systems:

Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Coordinate System Projected Coordinate System (PCS) Universal Transverse Mercator coordinate system (UTM) State plane coordinate System(SPCS)

What is Slate Plane Coordinate?

created in the 1930s by U.S. land surveyors as a way to define property boundaries in a way that would make them easier to measure. They are widely used by surveyors, engineers, planners, and state and local governments. They provide a common basis for assigning coordinate values to all areas of a State.

What is a Cartesian coordinate system?

efined by a pair of orthogonal (x, y) axes drawn through an origin (Figure 1), where the origin (0, 0) is at the lower left of the planar section. Geographic calculations and analysis are done in Cartesian or Planar coordinates (x, y).

What is Northing (UMT)?

is the north-south y-coordinate in a projected coordinate system. In the northern hemisphere, a northing value of 0 m is assigned to the equator. Since no false northing value is added, a UTM northing value for a zone in the northern hemisphere is the number of meters north of the equator. In the southern hemisphere, a false northing of 10,000,000 m is given to the equator so that all northing (y-axis) values are positive numbers.

What is Geographic Coordinate System (GCS)?

recorded in latitude and longitude and expressed in degrees, Unprojected coordinate system

What is Easting (UMT)?

the east-west x-coordinate, which is the distance from the origin. Easting varies from near zero to near 1,000,000 m. In both the northern and southern hemispheres, the center line (central meridian) of each zone has an easting value (x values) of 500,000 m to ensure that there are no negative values (Figure 5). This value, called false easting, is added to all x-coordinates so that there are no negative easting values in the zone. Since this 500,000m value is arbitrary. eastings are sometimes referred to as "false eastings".