Lecture Exam 1

Identify the structure labeled ( A ) :

Esophagus

Identify the structure labeled ( D ):

Esophagus

Identify the structure identified as ( F ) in the diagram.

Common Bile duct

Identify the structured labeled( C ) in the diagram.

Cystic duct

Which one of the following positions would be performed on a trauma patient to provide a lateral view of the proximal femur?

Danelius-Miller method

An avulsion fracture is the same as a chip fracture.

False

It is important to place the foot into true AP and Lateral positions when performing a clubfoot study.

False

On a infant patient a small retention tip can be used during a barium enema to help barium retention.

False

Sodium bicarbonate is often used as a negative contrast medium during an upper GI series.

False

Sterile gloves must be worn when handling a contaminated IR in surgery.

False

Technologist must scrub up and put on a sterile gown during a surgery procedure.

False

The AP projection during a C-arm procedure is recommended to minimize OID.

False

The entire OR table is considered to be sterile.

False

The exposure dose is greater on the image intensifier side as compared with the x-ray tube side with the C-arm in the horizontal configuration.

False

The surgeon is responsible to maintain a safe radiation environment for all personnel in the OR.

False

The technologist may get into the sterile environment in surgery if wearing sterile gloves, mask and surgical scrubs.

False

At the first meeting between the technologist and the patient ( accompanied by an adult), which of the following generally should not be done?

Describe the total amount of radiation the patient will receive with that specific exam if it has to be repeated because of lack of cooperation.

To avoid grid cutoff, the angulation of the CR must be perpendicular to the length of the grid.

False

Which one of the following projections of the abdomen will most effectively demonstrate a possible abdominal aortic aneurysm?

Dorsal decuibitus

Identify the structure labeled ( D ) in the image below.

Duodenal bulb

Identify the structure labeled ( J ) in the diagram below.

Duodenum

Identify the structure below labeled ( B ) :

Fundus

A fracture that occurs through the pedicles of the axis(C2), with or without displacement of C2 or C3, is termed ______________ fracture.

Hangman's

One of the clinical indications for an AP abdomen (KUB) for a pediatric patient is:

Intussusception

Identify the position below of the stomach.

LPO

One radiograph of an upper GI series needs repeating. The technologist is unsure which projection and/or position is seen on this radiograph. The fundus is filled with barium and the pylorus and duodenal bulb are profiled and air filled.The patient was recumbent for all projections. Which projection and/or position needs to be repeated?

LPO

Which projection taken during an upper GI will best demonstrate the retrogastric space?

Lateral

Patient preparation for an adult upper GI series includes:

NPO at least 8 hrs before the procedure

Which type of procedure would be performed in surgery to realign a fracture?

Open reduction

Situation: A patient with a Monteggia fracture enters the emergency room. Which one of the following positioning routines should be performed on this patient?

PA or AP and horizontal beam lateral forearm

Identify the structure labeled ( I ) in the diagram below.

Pancreas

The esophagus is located _____ to the trachea

Posteriorly

Identify the structured labeled ( E ) below in the radiograph.

Pyloric antrum

Which aspect of the GI tract is best demonstrated with an RAO position during an upper GI?

Pylorus of stomach and C-loop

A patient comes to radiology for an upper GI series. Her clinical history indicates that there may be a tumor posterior to the stomach. which one of the following projections and/pr positions will best demonstrate this condition?

Right lateral

Identify the projection displayed below.

Rt. Lateral projection of the stomach

Situation: A patient is struck directly on the patella with a heavy object, shattering it. The resultant fracture most likely would be described as a:

Stellate fracture

_______________________________ consists of the practice and procedures to minimize the level of infectious agents present in the surgical environment.

Surgical asepsis

Neuroblastoma is:

The second most common form of cancer in children under 5 years of age

Which parts of a sterile gown are considered sterile?

The shoulders to the level of the sterile field, as well as the sleeve from the cuff to just above the elbow.

Part (vii) refers to the:

Trachea

The process of putting a limb, bone or group of muscles under tension with the use of weights and pulleys to align or immobilize the part is.

Traction

A hand routine exam for a 7 - year old would be the same as for an adult patient.

True

A ring-shaped bone will not have only one fracture.

True

A well-inspired, erect chest radiograph taken on a young pediatric patient will visualize only nine to ten ribs above the diaphragm.

True

Barium sulfate never dissolves in water

True

Concentrated levels of cholesterol in bile may lead to gall stones.

True

Double- contrast enemas are performed less frequently on children than adults and are used mainly to diagnose Polyps in children.

True

For a trauma lateral projection of the elbow, the CR must be kept parallel to the interepicondylar plane.

True

Generally, only one joint needs to be included on a follow up of a long bone fracture.

True

If available, the Pigg-O-Stat should be used rather than relying on parental assistance during an pediatric chest examination.

True

Situation: Which of these radiographic procedures is often performed for pyloric stenosis in a pediatric patient?

Upper GI

A breathing technique in which the patient takes in a deep breath and bears down is called the ___________ technique or method.

Valsalva

A malignant tumor of the kidney common in children under the age of 5 years is:

Wilm's tumor

Pediatric patients with the following symptoms or conditions should not be given laxatives or enemas.

extensive diarrhea

A high and transverse stomach would be found in a(an) __________ patient.

hypersthenic

The RAO position of the esophagus is preferred over the left anterior oblique (LAO) because it :

increase the visibility of the esophagus between the vertebrae and heart

In a hyposthenic/asthenic patient the stomach generally lies

low and vertical

Patient preparation for an esophagram includes NPO __________________ before the procedure.

none of the above: patient preparation is not needed as long as an upper GI series is not scheduled to follow.

Part (iv) refers to the:

oropharynx

The wavelike series of involuntary muscular contractions that propel solid and semisolid materials through the stomach and also small intestines is called.

peristalsis

The esophagus is located ____________ to the trachea.

posteriorly

What is the MINIMUM level of protective apron worn during fluoroscopy?

0.5 mm PB/Eq apron

What is the suggested dosages of barium sulfate during a upper GI for a pediatric age group of are 10 years and above?

12 to 16 oz.

A lateral "Y" projection taken AP for a trauma patient usually requires a _______ degree rotation of the body away from the image receptor.

20 to 30 degrees

Review the graphic below. A thirty degree tilt of the C-arm x-ray tube from vertical will result in the radiation exposure to the face of the operator next to the C-arm of _________________ .

25 - 50 mR/hr

At approximately what age does the skeleton reach full ossification?

25 years old

Situation: The C-arm is in position for a PA projection. What exposure field range would the operator receive at waist level standing 3 feet from the patient?

50 to 100 mR/hr

The cable on a portable machine is _________ by law.

6 feet

Situation: A child comes to the radiology department with a clinical history of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease. Which one of the following projections best demonstrates this condition?

AP and lateral hip

Which of the following structures is not one of the salivary glands?

All of the above are salivary glands

Critique the following radiograph.

All of the vertebra are not present.

Identify the structure labeled ( 2 ):

Cardiac antum

Which of the following is not a main subdivision of the stomach?

Cardium

All of the following are reasons to immobilize pediatric patients except:

You need to immobilize all pediatric patients.

The gall bladder is located more ____________ (posteriorly or anteriorly) within the abdomen.

anteriorly

What is a the term that describes a mass of undigested material that becomes trapped in th stomach?

bezoars

Toward which aspect(s) of the stomach will barium gravitate with the patient in a prone position?

body and pylorus

The act of swallowing is termed:

deglutution

What is considered the two strongest points or parts on a pediatric patient?

elbows and knees

The opening between the stomach and esophagus is termed the:

esophogogastric junction