Lecture quiz 3

The articular cartilage: 1) consists of two layers; an outer layer of dense fibrous connective tissue and an inner layer of loose connective tissue, 2) firmly unites the articulating bones, 3) shields the surfaces of the articulating bones at a synovial joint, 4) helps absorb shock and reduces friction at a synovial joint. 1, 2, 3 2, 3, 4 3, 4 1, 2

3, 4

Place the following events in the correct order: 1) ACh is released into the synaptic cleft; 2) Synaptic vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane; 3) A muscle action potential is triggered; 4) An action potential arrives at the synaptic end bulb; and 5) ACh binds to receptors in the motor end plate. 2, 4, 5, 1, 3 4, 3, 1, 2, 5 1, 2, 4, 3, 5 4, 2, 1, 5, 3

4, 2, 1, 5, 3

Which of the following is true of myosin? It is located in the A band of the sarcomere. It binds to tropomyosin during contraction. It forms thick filaments. Has a calcium binding site A, B, and C A and C B and D all of the above

A and C

Identify the characteristic of smooth muscle tissue. no transverse tubules no muscle tone has transverse tubules has sarcomeres no sarcomeres A and D A and E

A and E

The ____ is only where actin and myosin overlap. I bands A band H zone H zone to A band Z line to Z line

A band

_____ must bind the myosin head in order for it to bind actin.

ATP

Identify the description that matches slow oxidative fibers. largest in diameter smallest in diameter they are white fibers they are red fibers A and C A and D B and C B and D

B and D

The ____ are the light bands and are only actin. I bands A band H zone H zone to A band Z line to Z line

I bands

____ is a bacterial infection causing severe pain in the joints. arthritis gout Lyme disease bursitis osteoporosis

Lyme disease

Which of the following best describes the causes of the common forms of arthritis? Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease; osteoarthritis is caused by effects of aging and injury. Rheumatoid arthritis is caused by effects of aging and injury; osteoarthritis is an autoimmune disease. Both rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis are caused by effects of aging and injury. Both rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis are autoimmune diseases.

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease; osteoarthritis is caused by effects of aging and injury.

Which of the following is NOT true for skeletal muscle fibers? They contain many peripheral nuclei. The cells are cylindrical and are arranged in parallel fashion. A skeletal muscle fiber may be up to 30 cm long. The myofibrils are arranged at right angles to the long axis of the cell, creating cross-striations.

The myofibrils are arranged at right angles to the long axis of the cell, creating cross-striations.

A motor unit is defined as ____. many myofibrils within a sarcolemma. many motor end plates within a neuromuscular junction. a motor neuron and the muscle fibers connected to it. the functional unit of a muscle fiber.

a motor neuron and the muscle fibers connected to it

The motor neuron and the muscle fibers connected to it are referred to as ____. myofibrils. sarcolemma. neuromuscular junction. motor end plate. a motor unit. sarcomere.

a motor unit

Which of the following statements about fast-twitch (fast glycolytic fibers) muscles is true? are red are postural fatigue slowly a poorer blood supply can generate can not generate ATP

a poorer blood supply

Which of the following terms and descriptions is not correctly paired? epiphysis--expanded portion at each end of a bone menisci--fibrocartilage disks that divides synovial joints into two compartments flexion--bending of joints to decrease the angle between bones latent period--time between stimulus and response abduction--movement of body parts toward the midline

abduction - movement of body parts toward the midline

The neurotransmitter released at a neuromuscular junction (in skeletal muscle) is _____

acetylcholine

_____ is the thin filament involved in skeletal muscle contraction.

actin

Identify the description that matches fast glycolytic fibers. adapted for intense movements of short duration, such as weight lifting adapted for maintaining posture and endurance-type activities red fibers containing lots of myoglobin have a large number of mitochondria

adapted for intense movements of short duration, such as weight lifting

Which of the following terms and descriptions is correctly paired? extension--bending of joints to decrease the angle between bones abduction--movement increasing the angle between bones flexion--movement of body parts away from the midline adduction--movement of body parts toward the midline

adduction - movement of body parts toward the midline

Which of the following is/are true? Synergists are muscles that oppose the agonist. Agonists contract while the antagonists relax. both statements are correct neither statement is correct

agonists contract while the antagonists relax

A fibrous joint may be a: suture. gomphosis. syndesmosis. all of the above.

all of the above

Visceral smooth muscle _____. is composed of sheets of muscle cells tends to display rhythmicity occur in walls of stomach and intestines fibers stimulate each other all of the above

all of the above

What structure(s) of the synovial joint absorb(s) shock from external forces that are placed on it? articular cartilage synovial fluid hyaline cartilage covering the articulating surface of bones ALL of the above

all of the above

Which is a correct statement? a myofiber contains myofibrils a myofibril contains thick and thin filaments thick and thin filaments are arranged into sarcomeres ALL of the above

all of the above

Which of the following statements about joint classification is true? All synchondroses are synarthrotic. All synovial joints are diarthrotic. All symphyses are synarthrotic. All of the above.

all of the above

Muscles that resist the prime mover's action are called ____. synergists. antagonists. isotonic. isometric.

antagonists

The _____ ligament limits hyperextension of the knee and prevents the anterior sliding of the tibia on the femur.

anterior cruciate

Articular discs of synovial joints: are pads of hyaline cartilage. move freely within the joint cavity. are found in the space between the ends of the bones. are found in all synovial joints.

are found in the space between the ends of the bones

_____ is hyaline cartilage that covers the articulating surface of bone reducing the friction.

articular cartilage

Which of the following statements about aging and joints is false? Production of synovial fluid decreases. Ligaments shorten and become less flexible. Articular cartilage thickens. Osteoarthritis is evident in almost everyone over age 70.

articular cartilage thickens

The general anatomical term for the regions of contact between bones is _____

articulations

_____ is the built-in rhythmic activity of cardiac muscle and some smooth muscle tissue.

autorhythmicity

Which of the following joints allows the most possible movements? condyloid hinge gliding ball-and-socket

ball and socket

_____ joints allow for the most possible movements?

ball and socket

Which joint shows a pivot motion? between tarsal bones knee joint hip joint between atlas and dens of axis between trapezium and first metacarpal

between atlas and dens of axis

Which joint could be called a saddle joint? wrist joint knee joint hip joint between atlas and dens of axis between trapezium and first metacarpal

between trapezium and first metacarpal

Both acetylcholine and norepinephrine can affect ____. smooth muscle contraction. skeletal muscle contraction. cardiac muscle contraction. both smooth and cardiac muscle contraction. both skeletal and cardiac muscle contraction. both smooth and skeletal muscle contraction.

both smooth and cardiac muscle contraction

The strength of movement produced by a muscle depends upon how close to the joint it is attached. A muscle attached farther away will produce a more powerful movement than one attached nearer the joint. Both statements are true. Both statements are false. Statement 1 is true; statement 2 is false. Statement 2 is true; statement 1 is false.

both statements are true

This bacterial toxin blocks exocytosis of synaptic vesicles at the neuromuscular junction. _____

botox

The _____ is a fluid-filled closed sacs containing synovial fluid located between skin and underlying bone which cushions and aids in movement of tendons.

bursa

The insertion of a muscle: in a limb is usually proximal to the origin. does not move when the muscle contracts. is the movable point of attachment of a muscle. attaches a muscle to a bone or skin. all of the above a, b, and d a and c c and d

c and d

_____ released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum must bind troponin if muscle contraction is to occur.

calcium

Instead of troponin, smooth muscle has a different regulatory protein called ___ . calsequestrin tropomyosin myomesin dystrophin calmodulin

calmodulin

Which of the following statements about fast-twitch muscles (fast glycolytic fibers) is not true? fast muscles (like in the eye) are white can not generate ATP as needed a poorer blood supply fatigue fast

can not generate ATP as needed

Striations are visible when _____ and _____ muscle tissues are examined microscopically.

cardiac, skeletal

_____ joints have no synovial cavity and the bones are held together by cartilage.

cartilaginous

The ability of muscle tissue to shorten and thicken is: elasticity. extensibility. stability. contractility.

contractility

Additional muscle energy is stored in _____ which transfers stored energy to ADP making ATP.

creatine phosphate

____ is a storage molecule which can transfer stored energy to ADP making ATP. myosin glycogen myoglobin creatine phosphate

creatine phosphate

Which type of joint has the most movement? synarthrosis diarthrosis gomphosis syndesmosis

diarthrosis

The ability of muscle tissue to be stretched without being damaged is: elasticity. extensibility. excitability. contractility.

extensibility

Which of the following terms and descriptions is not correctly paired? epiphysis - expanded portion at each end of a bone menisci - fibrocartilage disks that divides synovial joints into two compartments extension - bending of joints to decrease the angle between bones latent period - time between stimulus and response adduction - movement of body parts toward the midline

extension - bending of joints to decrease the angle between bones

A tremor is a painful spasmodic contraction. 1) True 2) False

false

Abduction occurs when a bone moves toward the midline. 1) True 2) False

false

Acetylcholinesterase is the enzyme responsible for initiating muscle contraction. 1) True 2) False

false

All fibrous joints are synarthrotic; that is, they are immovable. 1) True 2) False

false

Anaerobic cellular respiration makes more ATP from glucose than aerobic respiration. 1) True 2) False

false

Cardiac muscle tissue may be classified as either visceral or multiunit muscle. 1) True 2) False

false

During an isotonic contraction of a muscle, the muscle shortens while the tension in the muscle increases, as in straightening the legs when rising from a sitting position to a standing position. 1) True 2) False

false

Medial and lateral menisci are found in the joint cavity of the elbow. 1) True 2) False

false

Neurotransmitters are housed within the synaptic cleft. 1) True 2) False

false

Oxygen debt is when oxygen runs out after couple of minutes of strenuous exercise, and aerobic cellular respiration kicks in. 1) True 2) False

false

Skeletal muscle is affected by both acetylcholine and norepinephrine. 1) True 2) False

false

The hinge joint is the joint that allows for the most possible movements. 1) True 2) False

false

The joint between two bodies of adjacent vertebrae is a synchondrosis. 1) True 2) False

false

The joints between the true ribs and the sternum are syndesmoses. 1) True 2) False

false

The saddle joint is the joint that allows for the most possible movements. 1) True 2) False

false

The specialized region of sarcolemma that is located at a neuromuscular junction is called the synaptic cleft. 1) True 2) False

false

Very few people over age 70 ever show evidence of having osteoarthritis. 1) True 2) False

false

_____ is a subcutaneous layer of dense connective tissue that is wrapped around groups of skeletal muscles.

fascia

The skeletal muscle fibers that fatigue most easily are: red muscle fibers. slow oxidative fibers. fast glycolytic fibers. both a and c.

fast glycolytic fibers

Which of the following statements about slow oxidative muscles is not true? are red are postural fatigue fast generate ATP as needed

fatigue fast

_____ joints have no synovial cavity and the bones are held together by dense irregular connective tissue rich in collagen.

fibrous

Fibrous connective tissue firmly holds the articular surfaces of bones together in: fibrous joints. cartilaginous joints. synovial joints. all of the above.

fibrous joints

A good description for a planar joint is: flat or slightly curved articulating surfaces one articulating surface is convex and fits into the other surface which is concave oval-shaped projection fits into an oval depression one bone articulates with another like a rider in a saddle the only synovial joint that allows triaxial movement

flat or slightly curved articulating surfaces

Identify the description of the motor end plate. folded region of sarcolemma at the neuromuscular junction portion of axon terminal membrane that releases acetylcholine into the cleft non convoluted region on the sarcolemma where the motor axon interacts the combination of the motor neuron and the muscle fiber

folded region of sarcolemma at the neuromuscular junction

A union of cone-shaped bony process in body socket held by periodontal ligament is a ____ symphysis syndesmosis gomphosis suture

gomphosis

The name of the type of joint where a tooth fits into a socket is _____

gomphosis

Which of the following is not a synovial joint? condyloid gomphosis hinge saddle

gomphosis

Which of the following is not a synovial joint? condyloid gomphosis gliding saddle suture pivot condyloid and gomphosis gomphosis and gliding gomphosis and saddle gomphosis and suture

gomphosis and suture

Compared to skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle differs in that it: contracts for shorter periods of time. has a short refractory period. has a different arrangement of thick and thin filaments. has branching cells.

has branching cells

Which of the following terms could describe a joint at which flexion and extension are the only movements? pivot and monaxial joints hinge and monaxial joints pivot and biaxial joint hinge and biaxial joint

hinge and monaxial joints

Cartilaginous joints are connected by ____ fibrocartilage. hyaline cartilage. tendons. ligaments. hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage. all of the above

hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage

An increase (hypertrophy) or decrease (atrophy) in muscle size is due to: increased or decreased numbers of muscle cells. increased or decreased deposition of adipose tissue. increased or decreased size of skeletal muscle fibers. both A and C.

increased or decreased size of skeletal muscle fibers

_____ discs in cardiac muscle contain both desmosomes and gap junctions.

intercalated

Identify the characteristics of smooth muscle tissue. voluntary, striated involuntary, striated voluntary, nonstriated involuntary, nonstriated

involuntary, nonstriated

The joint between the parietal and frontal bones _________ . is a cartilaginous joint is classified functionally as a synarthrosis is the sagittal suture ALL of the above

is classified functionally as a synarthrosis

The insertion of a muscle is ____. attached to the largest bone. is on the immovable or fixed end of the bone. is the movable end of the muscle. is the prime mover.

is the moveable end of the muscle

A(n) ____ is a contraction creating tension but the muscles remain the same length. synergist antagonist isotonic isometric

isometric

Bones of a synovial joint are held together by a ____ synovial membrane. joint capsule. meniscus. bursa.

joint capsule

Which joint shows a hinge motion? between tarsal bones knee joint hip joint between atlas and dens of axis between trapezium and first metacarpal

knee joint

____ is the time between the stimulus and the response. refractory period threshold stimulus latent period summation

latent period

Structures most responsible for holding bones together at a synovial joint are: tendons. articular cartilages. synovial membranes. ligaments.

ligaments

A synovial membrane contains: dense irregular connective tissue. a large quantity of collagen fibers in bundles. simple cuboidal epithelium that secretes synovial fluid. loose connective tissue.

loose connective tissue

A ____ is fibrocartilage disk that partially or completely divide synovial joints into two compartments. synovial membrane joint capsule meniscus bursa

meniscus

Neurotransmitter receptors are found where on the sarcolemma? transverse tubules motor end plate sarcoplasmic reticulum muscle filaments

motor end plate

The specialized region of sarcolemma that is located at a neuromuscular junction is called the _____

motor end plate

Which of the following correctly describes abduction? movement of joints to increase the angle between bones movement of joints to decrease the angle between bones movement of body parts away from the midline movement of body parts toward the midline pivot

movement of body parts away from the midline

Which of the following correctly describes flexion? movement of joints to increase the angle between bones movement of joints to decrease the angle between bones movement of body parts away from the midline movement of body parts toward the midline

movement of joints to decrease the angle between bones

_____ is a result of over exercised muscles which lose their abilities to contract.

muscle fatigue

One sarcomere contains all of the following EXCEPT: the H zone myosin myofibrils the M line

myofibrils

The respiratory pigment responsible for the reddish brown color of skeletal muscle and oxygen storage is called ____. hemoglobin. myoglobin. calcitonin. sarcoplasmic reticulum.

myoglobin

_____ is the respiratory pigment found in muscle cells which pulls in and stores oxygen for use during contraction.

myoglobin

_____ is the thick filament involved in skeletal muscle contraction.

myosin

During contraction in a skeletal muscle fiber: the thick filaments meet at the center of the sarcomere. the sarcomere length does not change. myosin heads meet at the center of the sarcomere myosin cross bridges move the thin filaments so that their ends meet or overlap in the center of the sarcomere.

myosin cross bridges move the thin filaments so that their ends meet or overlap in the center of the sarcomere.

_____ are stored in synaptic vesicles within the motor neuron ending and are released into the synaptic cleft allowing them to bind receptors on the motor end plate.

neurotransmitters

Which of the following statements about muscle types is not true? Red muscles are postural muscles. Red muscles fatigue slower than white. Red muscles contract more slowly than white. Red muscles contain more myoglobin than white. none of the above (all of the answers are correct)

none of the above (all of the answers are correct)

The origin of a muscle is ____. attached to the largest bone. on the immovable or fixed end of the bone. the movable end of the muscle. the prime mover.

on the immovable or fixed end of the bone

The origin of a muscle is ____ , while the insertion of a muscle is ____. attached to the largest bone, attached to the smallest bone. attached to the smallest bone, attached to the largest bone. on the immovable or fixed end of the bone, the end of the muscle moving the attached bone. the end of the muscle moving the attached bone, on the immovable or fixed end of the bone. the prime mover, synergist. the synergist; the antagonist.

on the immovable or fixed end of the bone, the end of the muscle moving the attached bone.

A good description for a hinge joint is: flat or slightly curved articulating surfaces one articulating surface is convex and fits into the other surface which is concave oval-shaped projection fits into an oval depression one bone articulates with another like a rider in a saddle the only synovial joint that allows triaxial movement

one articulating surface is convex and fits into the other surface which is concave

A good description for a condyloid (ellipsoidal) joint is: flat or slightly curved articulating surfaces one articulating surface is convex and fits into the other surface which is concave oval-shaped projection fits into an oval depression one bone articulates with another like a rider in a saddle the only synovial joint that allows triaxial movement

oval-shaped projection fits into an oval depression

The muscle fibers that are oxidative and resistant to fatigue are the slow and fast _____ fibers.

oxidative

Which of the following is a synovial joint? syndesmosis pivot symphysis synchondrosis gomphosis

pivot

Identify the description that matches acetylcholine receptors. proteins of axon membrane proteins of motor end plate proteins found on the axon terminus proteins found in the synaptic cleft

proteins of motor end plate

Which of the following statements about muscle types is not true? white muscles contract more faster than red. red muscles contain less myoglobin than white. red muscles are postural muscles white muscles fatigue faster than red

red muscles contain less myoglobin than white

Which of the following statements about muscle types is true? Red muscles contract much faster than white. Red muscles contain less myoglobin than white. Red muscles are not postural muscles Red muscles fatigue much slower than white.

red muscles fatigue much slower than white

____ is the time following contraction before muscle can respond again. contraction period refractory period latent period relaxation period

refractory period

In skeletal muscle, the sarcoplasmic reticulum: forms transverse (T) tubules. is similar to the Golgi complex. contains extracellular fluid. releases Ca2+ to trigger contraction.

releases Ca2+ to trigger contraction

_____ is a painful debilitating autoimmune disorder that attacks cartilage and joint linings. Lyme disease osteoarthritis rheumatoid arthritis gout

rheumatoid arthritis

The primary type of movement permitted at a pivot joint is: rotation. circumduction. abduction and adduction. all of the above.

rotation

Identify the description of the synaptic vesicle. sac that stores neurotransmitter a small space that separates the cell membrane of a motor neuron from the sarcolemma of a skeletal muscle cell neurotransmitters found in the synaptic cleft neurotransmitters bound to the sarcolemma

sac that stores neurotransmitter

The _____ is the contracting unit that extends from Z line to Z line.

sarcomere

Calcium is released from the _____ during skeletal muscle contraction.

sarcoplasmic reticulum

The endomembrane system which houses calcium within the muscle fiber is the _____. endoplasmic reticulum. myoglobin. troponin. sarcoplasmic reticulum.

sarcoplasmic reticulum

The surfaces of the bones at a gliding joint perform the movement(s) of: side-to-side movement. rotation. flexion and extension. all of the above.

side-to-side movement

_____ muscle cells do not contain sarcomeres.

smooth

Concerning diarthroses, one may speculate that as mobility increases, _____ decreases. the number of ligaments the amount of synovial fluid range of motion (ROM) stability

stability

A ___ is a stretched or partially torn muscle or muscle and tendon. sprain torn cartilage strain dislocation bursitis

strain

The action that moves the palm of the hand into anatomical position is: pronation. supination. inversion. eversion.

supination

A fibrous joint in which adjacent bones grow together and unite in a sutural ligament is a ____ symphysis. syndesmosis. synchondrosis. gomphosis. suture.

suture

A joint where adjacent bones grow together and unite is referred to as a ____ symphysis. syndesmosis. gomphosis. suture.

suture

Which of the following is not a synovial joint? pivot hinge suture condyloid

suture

A _____ is a type of joint in which two bones are held together by a disc of fibrocartilage. symphysis synchondrosis suture synovial joint

symphysis

The ___ is the actual space between the axon and the sarcolemma. neuromuscular junction motor end plate axon terminus synaptic vesicles synaptic cleft

synaptic cleft

Neurotransmitters are stored in _____ within the motor neuron ending and are released into the synaptic cleft allowing them to bind receptors on the motor end plate.

synaptic vesicles

If a joint is enclosed in a tough connective tissue capsule and if it contains a joint cavity, it is classified as: synovial. fibrous. cartilaginous. all of the above.

synovial

_____ joints have fluid filled cavity and bone are united by dense irregular connective tissue of an articular capsule.

synovial

Articular cartilage receives nutrients and oxygen from the _____

synovial fluid

A forceful, sustained muscle contraction is called ____. isotonic. latent. tetany. isometric all-or-none

tetany

A good description for a ball-and-socket joint is: a bone rotates around its long axis as it articulates within a ring of bone and ligament one articulating surface is convex and fits into the other surface which is concave oval-shaped projection fits into an oval depression one bone articulates with another like a rider in a saddle the only synovial joint that allows triaxial movement

the only synovial joint that allows triaxial movement

Most skeletal muscles produce movement as a component of a _____-class lever. first second third fourth

third

A sustained minimal contraction in a skeletal muscle that does not produce movement is called muscle _____

tone

This protein blocks the myosin head from binding to actin when the muscle is at rest. _____

tropomyosin

The ____________ protein has direct contact with actin in a muscle in the resting state, while the ____________ protein has direct contact with actin in a muscle in the contracting state. tropomyosin; myosin myosin; troponin titin; tropomyosin troponin; myomesin

tropomyosin; myosin

This protein binds calcium which causes a conformational change unblocking the myosin head binding site on actin. _____

troponin

A bundle (fascicle) of skeletal muscle cells is separated from neighboring bundles by perimysium. 1) True 2) False

true

A motor neuron is a nerve cell that stimulates a muscle cell, causing a contraction. 1) True 2) False

true

A motor neuron together with all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates is called a motor unit. 1) True 2) False

true

A motor unit is a muscle fiber and the motor neuron connected to it. 1) True 2) False

true

A union of a cone-shaped bony process in a body socket held by a periodontal ligament is a gomphosis. 1) True 2) False

true

ATP is required for dissociation of myosin from actin during the muscle contraction. 1) True 2) False

true

All symphyses occur in the midline of the body. 1) True 2) False

true

Anabolic steroids can cause cancer and should not be taken by athletes. 1) True 2) False

true

Bending the ankle so that the foot moves downward is the movement called plantar flexion. 1) True 2) False

true

Biofeedback can control some smooth muscle contraction. 1) True 2) False

true

Bursae are connective tissue sacs that are responsible for reducing friction during the movement of some joints. 1) True 2) False

true

Cardiac muscle cells contain more mitochondria than do skeletal muscle cells. 1) True 2) False

true

Cardiac muscle remains refractory until contraction ends so tetany does not occur. 1) True 2) False

true

If a joint is not used for a period of time the motion of the joint can be limited. 1) True 2) False

true

If a muscle contracts and its fibers does not shorten, the contraction is isometric. 1) True 2) False

true

If a muscle contracts and its fibers shorten, the contraction is isotonic. 1) True 2) False

true

In mature skeletal muscle, new skeletal muscle cells can arise from satellite cells. 1) True 2) False

true

Interosseous membranes are a substantial sheet of dense irregular connective tissue that binds neighboring long bones and permits slight movement. 1) True 2) False

true

Interphalangeal joints are synovial joints at which flexion and extension occur. 1) True 2) False

true

Ligaments at synovial joints may be extracapsular or intracapsular. 1) True 2) False

true

Lyme disease is a bacterial infection which resembles arthritis. 1) True 2) False

true

Muscles with either parallel or fusiform arrangements of fasciculi tend to have longer fibers than do pennate muscles. 1) True 2) False

true

Muscular atrophy is the wasting away of muscles. 1) True 2) False

true

Opposition is a movement of the human thumb that is important for the utilization of tools. 1) True 2) False

true

Smooth muscle is affected by both acetylcholine and norepinephrine. 1) True 2) False

true

Structure and shape of the articulating bones helps determine range of motion at synovial joints. 1) True 2) False

true

Synovial fluid is a somewhat viscous liquid that contains hyaluronic acid and fluid formed from blood plasma. 1) True 2) False

true

Tetany is a forceful, sustained muscle contraction. 1) True 2) False

true

The contractile elements of skeletal muscle cells are sarcomeres. 1) True 2) False

true

The range of movement at a joint depends upon the point of attachment of the muscle and the length of its fibers. 1) True 2) False

true

The shoulder joint is an example of a triaxial joint. 1) True 2) False

true

There is no scientific evidence that suggests that creatine supplements actually increase muscle development. 1) True 2) False

true

The two types of smooth muscle are: visceral and parietal. red and white. visceral and multiunit. radial and circular.

visceral and multiunit

Identify the characteristics of skeletal muscle tissue. voluntary, striated involuntary, striated voluntary, nonstriated involuntary, nonstriated

voluntary, striated

Which of the following statements about muscle types is true? White muscles contract more slowly than red. Red muscles contain less myoglobin than white. White muscles are not postural muscles White muscles fatigue slower than red

white muscles are not postural muscles

One sarcomere extends from _____. I bands to H zone. Z lines to A band. H zone to A band. Z line to Z line.

z line to z line