Lesson 25: Discrete Trial Teaching

A ____ is a stimulus change that follows a behavior of interest.

Consequence

A punisher is a stimulus change that ___ the future frequency of behavior that immediately precedes it

Decreases

What is the discriminative stimulus in the following example? Diane: "Do this" and touches her head

Diane saying "do this" and touching her head

Jennifer is working on sharing with Danny. She tells Danny that every time he shares nicely he will get 2 Skittles. Jennifer asks Danny if she can use his dinosaur toy and Danny gives it to her. Then Jennifer gives Danny 2 Skittles. This scenario is an example of ________________.

Discrete trial teaching

Therapist: "Do this" and does a jumping jack. Molly does a jumping jack. Therapist: "Good job Molly" and places a happy face on token board. This scenario is an example of ________________.

Discrete trial teaching

____ refers to any operant, or discrete response, where the response rate is controlled by a given opportunity to emit the response.

Discrete-Trial Teaching

A _____ is a stimulus in the presence of which responses of some type have been reinforced or punished and in the absence of which the same type of responses have occurred and not been reinforced or punished.

Discriminative stimulus

The three main components of DTT are the ____, the ____, and the ____

Discriminative stimulus; response; consequence

DTT can be used when teaching new responses in a ____ environment where extraneous stimuli, such as sounds, toys, and other people are removed

Distraction-free

What disadvantage of DTT is the following sentence highlighting? Learners respond to a discriminative stimulus from a teacher and may not learn to initiate behaviors in absence of a clear discriminative stimulus.

Does not promote generalization

A teacher sees her student struggling to sharpen his pencil. She tells her student, "if you need help you can say help please"; the student says "help please" and the teacher helps the student sharpen his pencil. What does the above example best describe?

Incidental teaching

During dinner, grandma sees Alan struggling to reach the plate of mashed potatoes. Grandma prompts Alan by saying, "mashed potatoes please". Alan says, "mashed potatoes please". Grandma passes the plate of mashed potatoes. This example best represents which of the following options?

Incidental teaching

What is the following an example of? Jayden and David are fighting over the remote control when their mom walks into the living room. Their mom tells them to ask nicely to use the remote control. David asks Jayden "can I have the remote control please?" and Jaden gives it to him.

Incidental teaching

A reinforcer is a stimulus change that ____ the future frequency of behavior that immediately precedes it

Increases

Betty is a behavior technician. She works with two kids every day and uses DTT with both of them. One of the kids she works with is a 3-year old boy who is in a mainstream classroom, is potty trained, and usually pays her a compliment on her outfit during their sessions. The other child she works with is a 10-year old boy who attends an autism school, has minimal verbal behavior, and is not toilet trained. This example highlights which advantage of DTT?

It can be used with both high-functioning and low-functioning learners

What is the consequence in the following example? Joanie is working on multiple step instructions with Benny. Joanie tells Benny to get his paper and pencil from his desk drawer and write a sentence about his morning. Benny follows Joanie's instruction, he walks over to his desk takes out his paper and pencil and writes a sentence about what he ate for breakfast. Joanie reinforces this response with verbal praise and two M&Ms.

Joanie reinforcing Benny's behavior with verbal praise and two M&Ms

Is the following an example of DTT? A behavior technician notices that Cindy is trying to reach a book on a shelf that is too high for her to reach. The behavior technician prompts Cindy by saying, "book please". Cindy says, "book please". The RBT gets the book and gives it to Cindy.

No

Is the following an example of DTT? During lunch, Bill's teacher sees him struggling to open his juice box. The teacher prompts Bill by saying, "open please". Bill says, "Open please". The teacher opens the juice box.

No

What type of consequence is used in the following example? George wants to start training his dog to sit on command. George tells his dog to sit; his dog sits; George gives his dog his favorite treat.

Not enough information

DTT should not be used when the skill being taught outside of a controlled environment where extraneous stimuli are ____.

Present

Molly is watching television at home. Molly's mom tells her to please go and clean her room. Molly ignores her mom and continues to watch television. Finally, after asking her several times, Molly's mom turns off the television and tells her she is not allowed to watch any more television until she cleans her room.Now, every time Molly's mom asks her to clean her room, she stops what she is doing and cleans her room. What type of consequence was used in this example?

Punisher

What type of consequence is used in the following example? Jack's teacher asks the class to be quiet. Jack starts screaming. His teacher makes him stay after class to clean her erasers. Jack starts screaming in class every day after this incident.

Reinforcer

A single instance or occurrence of behavior is known as a _____.

Response

Which of the following is NOT a skill commonly taught through Discrete-Trial Teaching in ABA?

Singing

What is the consequence in the following example? Susie: "Toby, sit!"

Susie giving Toby a treat

What is theh discriminative stimulus in the following example? Susie: "Toby, sit..."

Susie saying "toby, sit!"

Ashley, a behavior technician, shows Mikey a picture of a monkey and asks, "What is this?" Mikey does not respond. Ashley says again "What is this?" and uses a full echoic prompt "monkey". Mikey says "monkey". Ashley asks again, "What is this?" Mikey says, "monkey". Behavior technician reinforces the response with praise and adding a token to the token board. Is this an example of a skill commonly taught through DTT?

Yes

Is the following an example of DTT? Mrs. Rodriguez: "Jose, spell amazing."

Yes

Is the following an example of DTT? Three-year old Khloe is in her first dance class. The teacher tells the class to put on their tap shoes. Khloe takes out her tap shoes and puts them on. The teacher tells Khloe "nice following instructions" and gives her a high five.

Yes

Is the following an example of a skill commonly taught through DTT? Erica gives Gabi a shirt and tells her "button the shirt"

Yes