Lesson 6: Chapter 19 Blood Vessels

Which of the following statements is false concerning the movement of fluid between capillaries and interstitial space?

The net filtration pressure is usually zero.

Describe the systemic circuit.

The systemic circuit transports blood through the arteries, capillaries, and veins of the body from the left ventricle to the right atrium.

Which of the following factors will not increase the net filtration pressure to move fluid out of capillaries?

decreased net filtration rate

The ligamentum arteriosum is the remnant of the fetal

ductus arteriosus.

The ________ vein is formed by the fusion of the greater saphenous vein, femoral vein, and deep femoral vein.

external iliac

Compared to arteries, veins

have thinner walls.

All of the following occur in response to hemorrhage except

increase in blood pressure.

Identify the artery labeled "16."

inferior mesenteric

The lower part of the large intestine including the rectum receives blood from the ________ artery.

inferior mesenteric

Blood is drained from the lower portion of the large intestine by the

inferior mesenteric vein.

Homeostatic mechanisms in response to blood loss include all of the following except

inhibition of EPO secretion.

An important artery that supplies blood to the brain is the ________ artery.

internal carotid

In large arteries, the thick layer of elastic fibers is called the

internal elastic membrane.

Name the veins that drain the dural sinuses of the brain.

internal jugular veins

Pulmonary veins carry blood to the

left atrium.

Identify two veins that carry blood away from the stomach.

left gastro-epiploic and right gastro-epiploic veins

A blockage of which branch of the aortic arch would interfere with blood flow to the left arm?

left subclavian artery

The vein in the arm commonly sampled for blood by venipuncture is the

median cubital vein.

Sensory neurons that are part of chemoreceptor reflexes are found in the

medulla oblongata

The brachial and femoral arteries are examples of which type of artery?

muscular

Blood pressure increases with all of the following except increased

parasympathetic innervation.

All of the following is true of the superior sagittal sinus except that it

provides blood to the circle of Willis.

Blood from the dorsal venous arches drains into the ________ vein(s).

small saphenous and great saphenous

Grace is in an automobile accident, and her celiac trunk is ruptured. Which organs will be affected most directly by this injury?

stomach, inferior portion of the esophagus, spleen, liver, gallbladder, and proximal portion of the small intestine.

At the level of the first rib, the axillary vein becomes the ________ vein.

subclavian

Identify the vein labeled "8."

subclavian

The fetal cardinal veins later form the adult

superior and inferior vena cavae.

Near the carotid sinus,

the common carotid divides into an internal and an external branch.

Angiogenesis refers to

the growth of new blood vessels from preexisting vessels.

Of the following arteries, the one that is an elastic artery is

the left subclavian artery.

Total peripheral resistance is related to all of the following except

the osmolarity of interstitial fluids.

Branches off the aortic arch include all of the following except

the right subclavian artery

All of the following contributes to turbulent blood flow except

third and fourth heart sounds.

Arteries that directly supply the plantar portion of the foot branch from the posterior ________ artery.

tibial

A blood clot that blocks the popliteal vein would interfere with blood flow in which other veins?

tibial and fibular veins and the small saphenous vein

Which of the following layers of a vessel contains collagen fibers with scattered bands of elastic fibers?

tunica externa

Blood pressure is lowest in the

veins.

After blood leaves the capillaries, it enters the

venules.

What are blood islands, and from which cells do they form?

Blood islands are aggregations of embryonic cells scattered within the yolk sac that form blood vessels and blood cells

In comparing a trained athlete to a non-athlete, which of these comparisons is false?

Both hearts weigh about the same.

Define e dema.

Edema is an abnormal accumulation of interstitial fluid in peripheral tissues.

Arrange the following vessels in the order in which blood would pass through them 1. pulmonary venules 2. pulmonary trunk 3. pulmonary veins 4. alveolar capillaries 5. pulmonary arterioles 6. pulmonary arteries

2, 6, 5, 4, 1, 3

Arrange the following structures in the correct order as blood would pass through them. 1. left atrium 2. pulmonary arteries 3. systemic veins 4. right ventricle 5. right atrium 6. pulmonary veins

3, 5, 4, 2, 6, 1

________ is the regulation of blood flow by local mechanisms within a capillary bed.

Autoregulation

________ are multiple arteries that fuse in order to serve a single capillary network.

Collaterals

All of the following are characteristics of cardiovascular regulation except

The heart rate decreasing as stroke volume decreases.

Describe the distribution of total blood volume in the body.

The volume is divided into the systemic venous system (64%), systemic arterial system (13%), in the heart (7%), pulmonary circulation (9%), and systemic capillaries (7%).

Capillaries that have a complete lining are called

continuous capillaries.

ADH and aldosterone secretion are part of the body's long-term compensation for

a serious hemorrhage.

In which of the following would the blood flow be highest?

a vessel 1.0 cm in diameter and 2 meters long

Branches of the popliteal artery include the

anterior tibial.

Identify the largest artery in the body.

aorta

Identify the vein labeled "9."

axillary

Branches of the thoracic aorta include all of the following except the ________ arteries.

basilar

The two vertebral arteries fuse to form a large artery, the

basilar artery.

After entering the arm, the axillary artery becomes the ________ artery.

brachial

Metabolites exchange by diffusion with the tissues and the cells in which of the following locations?

capillary

Name the arterial structure in the neck region that contains baroreceptors.

carotid sinus

The blood vessel that supplies blood to the liver, stomach, and spleen is the

celiac trunk.

All of the veins listed are deep veins except

cephalic.

Identify the arteries labeled "9."

common carotid

Near the level of vertebra L 4, the aorta branches to form the ________ arteries.

common iliac