Life-Span

fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.

A cluster of abnormalities that may appear in the offspring of mothers who drink alcohol heavily during pregnancy is referred to as

do not determine phenotypes independently from the contexts in which they develop.

According to developmental psychologist David Moore, genetic factors

teratogen.

Any agent that can potentially cause a birth defect or negatively alter cognitive and behavioral outcomes is referred to as a(n)

three

Approximately how many months after conception is the fetus about three inches long, actively moving its arms and legs and head, and exhibiting a distinguishable face, forehead, eyelid, nose, and chin? (At this stage, however, the mother cannot yet feel the arms and legs moving.)

blastocyst

Approximately one week after conception, when differentiation of the cells begins, the zygote is now a group of cells that is more specifically called the

relationship

Centering Pregnancy is a ______-centered program that provides prenatal care in group settings.

group

Centering Pregnancy is a relationship-centered program that provides prenatal care in ______ settings.

second

During the ______ stage of birth, the mother bears down hard to push the baby out of her body; this stage typically lasts about an hour.

drank alcohol

FASD may occur in offspring whose mothers ______ during pregnancy.

she is in a state of emergency, and she may not survive.

Newborn Amanda gets a total combined score of 2 on the Apgar Scale. This signals Multiple choice question.

ultrasound sonography

Normally conducted seven weeks into the pregnancy, ______ is used to detect structural abnormalities in the fetus and when used later in the pregnancy can help determine whether the baby is male or female.

fetal, germinal, embryonic

Prenatal development is divided into what three periods?

If a father smokes while the mother is pregnant, there is an increased risk for early pregnancy loss. Older fathers appear to have an increased risk of having children with autism. There is an increased risk of spontaneous abortion in offspring of older fathers.

Regarding paternal risk factors, which of the following statements are true?

postpartum depression

Some women develop ______, which involves a major depressive episode that typically occurs about four weeks after delivery.

the causes of birth defects

Teratology is the field of study that investigates

1 and 5 minutes after birth.

The Apgar Scale should be used to assess the health of newborns at

amnion

The ______ is like a bag or envelope and contains a clear fluid in which the developing embryo floats.

three

The face, forehead, eyelids, nose, and chin are distinguishable months after conception.

zygote

The fertilized egg is called the

bonding

The formation of a connection, especially a physical one, between parent and infant shortly after birth is known as

psychoactive drugs.

The general term for drugs that act on the nervous system to alter states of consciousness, modify perceptions, and change moods is

trophoblast.

The outer layer of cells that will eventually provide nutrition and support for the embryo is called the

embryonic

The period that occurs from two to eight weeks after conception is known as the ______ period.

fetal period

The prenatal period that lasts about seven months in typical pregnancies, beginning two months after conception, [ ] is the period.

embryonic period

The rate of cell differentiation intensifies, the support systems for cells form, and organs appear during which period?

longer

The three stages of birth are not of equal length; the first stage is generally ______ than the others.

placenta.

The umbilical cord contains two arteries and one vein, and it connects the baby to the

sound waves

Ultrasound sonography uses ______ directed toward the pregnant woman's abdomen that produce(s) a visual representation of the fetus.

True

Virtually any drug or chemical substance a pregnant woman ingests can cross the placenta.

doubles

When a pregnant mother is an adolescent, the mortality rate of the infant ______, as compared to infants born to mothers in their twenties.

diabetes, hypertension, depression

Which of the following are complications associated with maternal obesity during pregnancy?

blocked fallopian tubes, the woman does not ovulate, low sperm production

Which of the following are potential causes of infertility?

Contractions become more frequent and intense. The cervix dilates to approximately 10 cm.

Which of the following are true statements about the first stage of birth?

The baby's head moves through the birth canal.

Which of the following is true of the second stage of birth?

organs begin to appear, and support systems for cells begin to form

Which of the following occurs during the embryonic period?

support systems for cells begin to form, organs begin to appear

Which of the following occurs during the embryonic period?

fetal

Which prenatal period lasts about seven months? Multiple choice question. fetal

preterm birth, fetal death

Women who are pregnant at age 35 or older are at an elevated risk of having a pregnancy with which of the following complications?

Small; large

______ molecules can typically cross the placenta between the mother and the embryo or fetus, while ______ molecules cannot.

Kangaroo

care involves skin-to-skin contact in which the baby, wearing only a diaper, is held upright against the parent's bare chest.