L.P. Exam
Research has investigated whether emotional intelligence is related to leadership emergence and leadership effectiveness. The meta-analysis of this research found
Emotional intelligence is important to leadership emergence and leadership effectiveness
Based on research, which of the following statements is most correct regarding the role of grit in predicting achievement?
Grit is a significant predictor of achievement of challenging goals, over and above what is explained by personality and cognitive intelligence
According to the meta-analysis on the Ohio State behavioral leadership model, what effect does initiating structure have on follower job satisfaction and follower satisfaction with the leader?
Initiating structure generally improves job satisfaction
One way to become more "gritty" is through embedding "natural" rewards into challenging work. Which of the following best represents this practice?
Joe made a game out of what was otherwise unappealing work
Which of the Big Five personality dimensions predict leadership effectiveness when all five are included in a multiple regression equation?
Only Openness and Extraversion predicted leadership effectiveness
Which of the following best represents an example of employee driven process improvements, in keeping with empowered employees?
Output increased because employees removed obstacles to effective performance that they encountered
The personality assessment called Core Self-Evaluation can be described as
Strongly related to self-worth
One way to develop and refine your level of grit is through smarter practice. Which item below is most necessary in order for practice to be considered smart?
a feedback loop that helps you recognize errors and correct them
Which of the following is NOT an element of emotional intelligence?
ability to solve complex problems
Which of the following represents a measure of leader effectiveness in leadership research?
all of the items
Regarding locus of control, if a leader attributes a large gain in organizational profits to his own good decisions, the leader's locus of control is most likely ______________.
an internal locus of control
Which of the following is typically a best fit for the pragmatic mental model of leadership?
an organization operating in a complex environment
Which emotion is signaled by a center crease between eyebrows pulled down into a V-shape?
anger
Research suggests that if you want to be perceived by others as having high cognitive intelligence, you should ______________.
be seen performing complex tasks
Which of the following best explains why a leader's positive Core Self-Evaluation can predict positive performance-related outcomes for the organization?
because a leader's own Core Self-Evaluation can influence followers' self-efficacy
Which leadership behavior or quality is most consistent with an external locus of control?
carrying a lucky rabbit's foot on the day your promotion will be decided
For gritty individuals, how are they most likely to respond when their first attempt to achieve a long-term (higher-order) goal fails?
change their approach to the chosen higher order goal
Which leader 'mental model' best fits a leadership context that places high emphasis on social judgment?
charismatic
Which of the following leader practices is consistent with the inspirational motivation dimension of transformational leadership?
communicating a compelling vision to employees
A meta-analysis examined the Ohio State behavioral leadership model. This study concluded that in predicting leadership outcomes in general or in most contexts
consideration shows stronger results than initiating structure
According to the text reading and class lecture pertaining to culture,
cultures differ in their expectations about how much power distance there should be between leaders and subordinates
According to the path goal model, which leadership style is likely most beneficial when a task is complex and employees are low in ability?
directive
After Apple and Microsoft merged, employees faced a lot of uncertainty over layoffs and how to do new job roles
directive and supportive leadership both equally needed
Chris McBride is a new employee with no task experience AND low self-efficacy
directive and supportive leadership both equally needed
Hector is part of a friendly team that requires a lot of coordination across the members
directive leadership most needed
Joe has high self-efficacy, but does not know how to work with the new assembly line
directive leadership most needed
In developing grit, failures should be
embraced as a learning opportunity
CEO Kylie showed positive emotions in a meeting with employees. In response, employees smiled and showed positive emotions too. This is an example of _____________.
emotional contagion
___________ occurs when thoughts and reactions following a strong emotion are not regulated.
emotional hijacking
Paul Ekman is considered by many to be the world's foremost expert on interpreting facial expressions. His research would be most useful in developing which leadership quality?
emotional intelligence
Empowerment positively influences employee productivity through
employee-driven process improvements
Which statement is most correct regarding the difference between environmental complexity and environmental ambiguity?
environmental complexity involves many known variables while environmental ambiguity involves unknown unknowns
Almost all leaders and followers agree in their perceptions of their relationship quality
false
Which of the following is most likely to enhance employees' psychological empowerment?
feelings of competence
According to the behavioral model of leadership, leaders should
focus both on showing consideration AND initiating structure
In the meta-analysis of the studies on perceived intelligence and leadership emergence, the researchers
found that perceived intelligence correlated strongly with perceived leadership emergence
The Stanford "Marshmallow" experiments discussed in class suggest that the ability to delay gratification leads to better long-term personal outcomes. This research relates most closely to which leadership quality?
grit or perseverance
If a project management team prides itself on how quickly and easily they all always agree on every decision, the group is likely experiencing _____________.
group think
According to a study of 75 CEOs of major league baseball teams, CEOs with high Core Self-Evaluations
had higher team winning percentages and higher fan attendance
Which of the following is most likely to reflect a company culture of LOW power distance?
high employee involvement in decision making
Leader Mike set clear performance standards for the new trainees, conducted regular evaluations and listened closely to support their needs. Which best describes Mike's leadership approach?
high on both consideration and initiating structure
What does a hierarchical (tall) organizational structure with many levels of management most likely suggest about the organization's culture?
high power distance
in group
high quality exchange relationship
leader empathy _____________ LMX quality
increases
When Elon Musk (CEO of Tesla) emphasizes share price goals to his employees and investors, he is emphasizing ________ leadership behaviors.
initiating structure
Which is most true regarding the effects of initiating structure as a leadership approach?
initiating structure has positive effects, but there is a point of diminishing returns
A study conducted in a manufacturing setting examined the effects of initiating structure and showing consideration on follower stress levels. It found that
initiating structure reduced follower stress
Managers who believe Theory X assume that workers are basically
irresponsible and unlikely to take initiative at work
Based on leader-member exchange theory (LMX), employee in-group and out-group status
is slow to change once it is set due to reinforcing dynamics
A key assumption of behavioral approaches to leadership is that
leadership can be taught
Which of the following is most likely to detract from employees' psychological empowerment?
limited power to initiate action
out group
low quality exchange relationship
Recognizing emotional triggers is most closely related to which aspect of emotional intelligence?
managing your own emotions
Based on research findings, in which context was the leadership behaviors of initiating structure found to have a bigger impact than showing consideration?
military context
In predicting leadership outcomes, distal individual attributes that indirectly (rather than directly) influence leadership outcomes include _______________.
personality traits
To be able to 'talk someone's language' with emotional intelligence requires ____________.
perspective taking
Assume an organization has an ongoing need for a leader to solve complex problems that have little to do with the social context. Which leader 'mental model' would be the best fit?
pragmatic
Research findings suggest that one indirect way leadership via showing consideration influences employees' organizational commitment is through
reducing employee stress
Which of the following leader practices is consistent with the contingent reward approach of transactional leadership?
rewarding employees for meeting goals
a member of the out group is likely to 'live down' to expectations
self-fulfilling prophecy
a member of the in group is more likely to remain in the in group
self-reinforcing cycle
Extraversion is a _____________ indicator of leader EFFECTIVENESS, and conscientiousness is a ______________ indicator, based on the research in your text and reviewed in class
significant, non-significant
Based on research pertaining to personality and leader emergence, which of the following individuals is more likely to become a leader?
someone high in conscientiousness
Which of the following best describes someone with a growth mindset?
someone that analyzes their own failures for clues as to what they can learn to do better next time
During times of crisis when emotions are running high, an emotionally intelligent leader
strategically becomes less emotional
James Big is bored with simple, routine work
supportive leadership most needed
Jan Perez has high ability for her stressful job and she enjoys autonomy.
supportive leadership most needed
An example of emotional intelligence is
the ability to generate your own enthusiasm when appropriate
According to one perspective, "leaders are those who (1) best represent the values of their followers, and (2) are better at solving their followers' problems and achieving their goals". This defines
the leaders as representatives perspective
Which statement is most correct regarding task and relationship approaches to leadership?
these two approaches complement one another
Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding leadership viewed from a perspective of power and influence?
this approach to leadership describes all corporations